Local varieties in the suburbs of Guangzhou. It has been cultivated in Guangzhou for 100 years.
The plant type is erect. The plant height is 80? 90 cm, 50? 55 centimeters.
Leaves alternate, broad-lanceolate, about 5 cm long and 3 cm wide, with thick mesophyll, green leaf surface, light green back and hard thorns in the axils. The leaves are soft, fragrant and of good quality.
Cold-resistant, weather-resistant and heat-resistant, suitable for planting in autumn and winter. (2) medlar.
Dongguan, Guangdong Province was introduced from other places. Plant height 75? 80 cm, 50? 55 cm, stem length 70? 75 cm, with a transverse diameter of about 0.
Seven centimeters. Leaves broad, ovate, alternate, 7? 8 cm, 4 wide? 5 cm, with green leaves and light green back.
There are no thorns between stems, or there are some small soft thorns. Like to grow in a cold climate, cold-resistant, not easy to be blown off by the wind.
The mesophyll is slightly thinner, the taste is lighter, and the yield is higher than that of fine-leaved varieties. (3) Ningxia wolfberry.
Ningxia local varieties. The leaves are long and narrow and lanceolate, with the largest leaf length of 7 cm and width of 1.
5 centimeters. The mesophyll is thin and tasteless, which is suitable for medicinal cultivation. Plants are vigorous, salt-tolerant and barren-tolerant, with plant height 1 m and spreading degree 1.
0? 1。 5 meters.
High seed setting rate and thick meat. Foliage Lycium barbarum is mostly a big leaf variety.
What is the origin of Lycium barbarum? Lycium barbarum has a history of more than two thousand years in China. It was called "Tianjing Seed" and "Immortal Seed" in ancient times. It is a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine, known as "abandoning Laozi" and "improving eyesight", and has been highly respected by Chinese medicine since ancient times because of its excellent health care effects of "nourishing face, improving eyesight and strengthening brain".
According to legend, during the Warring States period, there was a young farmer named dog on the plain on the south bank of the Yellow River in Qin State. Marry Qi Shi, Qi Shi is diligent and virtuous.
It is also encouraging that couples work at sunrise and rest at sunset to support their mothers. When Qin annexed the six countries, the traitors fought in Xinjiang, and the dogs were called to guard the border.
The general died in a hundred battles, the strong man returned in ten years, and the dog returned from the border defense, with a full face of hair. On the way, I saw that there was famine in my hometown, the countryside was barren, passers-by begged for food, hunger floated everywhere, neighbors were full of food, and children were proud of being fed.
The dog is very scared. He doesn't know the present situation of his mother and wife. When he got home, he found his mother's hair was silver and her face was ruddy, unlike passers-by who were hungry. He was very surprised and asked his wife what was going on. The wife replied that she picked red fruits from the mountains and her old mother to satisfy her hunger so as not to starve to death.
The old mother also said that if the daughter-in-law had not picked the red fruit, she would not have seen her son. Dogs cry with joy and respect their wives more.
When the neighbors heard about it, they all scrambled to eat the red fruit and called it "Lycium barbarum". Later generations found that the red fruit picked by the dog's wife Qi's had the effects of nourishing yin and enriching blood, tonifying lung and strengthening stomach, so folk doctors renamed it Lycium barbarum.
What's the interesting story about Lycium barbarum? During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, a group of western businessmen on the Silk Road stayed in an inn at night and saw a girl reprimanding and flogging an old man.
The businessman stepped forward and asked, "Why did you beat and scold the old man like this?" The woman said, "I punish my great-grandson. What's it to you?" All the audience were shocked. When asked, they realized that this woman was over 300 years old. The old man was beaten because he didn't want to eat herbs, and his eyes were dim before he got old. Surprised, the businessman bowed respectfully and asked, "What fairy medicine did the birthday boy eat?" The woman told me: "This herb has five names and is taken in different parts in different seasons: its leaves are picked in spring and called Tianjingcao; Picking its flowers in summer is called long grass; Pick his son in autumn and name him Lycium barbarum; In winter, the root bark is called Lycium barbarum bark, also called fairy stick.
Taking it in four seasons can make people coexist with the world. "Later, Lycium barbarum was introduced to the Middle East and the West, and it was known as the Oriental God Grass.
What other names do you have for Lycium barbarum? Lycium barbarum has many folk names in China, such as Gou screwdriver, Lycium barbarum red fruit, sweet rapeseed, Lycium barbarum, dog * * *, red green pepper, Lycium barbarum hoof, Lycium barbarum fruit, Lycium barbarum, eggplant, red earrings, Lycium barbarum, Lycium barbarum beans, Lycium barbarum and Lycium barbarum. ..
In Zhongning County, Ningxia, the main producing area of Lycium barbarum, farmers used to call Lycium barbarum "thorn", which means tribulus. This is because wild Lycium barbarum is similar to tribulus terrestris, and it is often mixed with firewood. In the folk, it is customary to use "Zi" as the common name of Lycium barbarum.
In Zhongning rural area, Lycium barbarum garden is called Ciyuan, Lycium barbarum tree is called Cishu, and Lycium barbarum branch is called Citiao. Therefore, Zhongning countryside, which is rich in Lycium barbarum, is also called Cixiang, and the culture with local color in Zhongning is often named Cixiang, such as Cixiang opera and Cixiang ballads.
But in the field of medicinal materials, Lycium barbarum is Lycium barbarum, so there is no need to call it Guo Zi or Purple Stone.
How is the origin of chinese wolfberry wine recorded in history? In the 13th year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi made a private visit, traveling to the northwest without pomp to show his sympathy for the people.
At that time, the northwest was a plain, and the mountains and rivers were exhausted, and the dangers were endless, and the wolves roared. Emperor Kangxi Wanli was very sad to see the backcountry and the people naked, sallow and emaciated.
On this day, the master and servant went to Ningxia and reached the foot of Niutou Mountain, exhausted and struggling. Suddenly I saw a lush Lycium barbarum garden, with small red fruits hanging on the treetops and colorful flowers decorating the fairyland on earth, which made Emperor Kangxi relaxed and happy.
Emperor Kangxi hurried to the Lycium barbarum Garden to have a rest at a breakneck pace. Suddenly, a group of strongmen, about thirty or forty people, all armed with steel knives, blocked the intersection like evil spirits and surrounded Emperor Kangxi for robbery.
Although Emperor Kangxi was skilled in martial arts, he was outnumbered. Just at a loss, I saw a woodcutter jump out of the Lycium barbarum Garden, shouting like Hong Zhong, and sweeping away the robbers with a pole. Wherever the pole touches, he is either dead or injured. Suddenly, all the robbers shouted that the wolf was coming and that mom and dad ran away. Emperor Kangxi carefully looked at a strong man. This man is eight feet tall, hunchbacked, with a face like red dates and a white sheep belly towel on his head. He walks with a strong wind. He looks like Guan Gong's reincarnation, like a god falling from the sky.
Emperor Kangxi asked the strong man what your name was and where you lived. The strong man replied, "I live at the foot of Niutou Mountain and make a living by cutting wood and growing Lycium barbarum."
Kangxi asked again, "How can a strong man be so majestic and powerful, and all the people he robbed were big men? Why is it driven away by the pole like the autumn wind sweeping the leaves? " The strong man replied, "The ancestors left 10 mu of Lycium barbarum garden, and later generations at home said,' Lycium barbarum is full of treasures, the leaves of Lycium barbarum collected in spring are fine grass, the flowers of Lycium barbarum collected in summer are perennial grass, the fruits of Lycium barbarum collected in autumn are Lycium barbarum, and the roots of Lycium barbarum collected in winter are Lycium barbarum bark. It is often taken all year round to strengthen the body and prevent various diseases. "In addition, the ancestors uploaded the secret recipe for brewing medlar fresh fruit. This wine is always healthy and healthy, and cutting wood and farming is not tiring.
I am also good at practicing martial arts. Drink chinese wolfberry wine when you are thirsty, and eat medlar and red fruit when you are hungry. Unconsciously, my strength is endless, defeating hundreds of strong people. I'm not out of breath and my strength is not weak. "Kangxi exultation, show identity, let a strong man escort guards back to the DPRK, a strong man also offered chinese wolfberry wine for Kangxi to take. Kangxi was refreshed and energetic after drinking it.
Yu followed Kangxi to fight in San Francisco, conquer barbarians, pacify the coastal areas, and made great achievements. Due to meritorious service, the official is the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi.
Emperor Kangxi lived to be 69 years old, and was one of the few long-lived emperors in the history of China.
How many years have Zhongning Lycium barbarum been planted? Zhongning Lycium barbarum has been planted for more than 600 years.
Brief introduction of Zhongning Lycium barbarum:
Zhongning County, Ningxia Autonomous Region, China is the birthplace and authentic origin of Lycium barbarum in the world. It is also the main producing area of Lycium barbarum in China, and the development zone for breeding new varieties and researching and popularizing new technologies. Lycium barbarum has been planted for more than 600 years, and it was named "Hometown of Lycium barbarum in China" by the State Council. Located in the transition zone between the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Loess Plateau, it belongs to the continental monsoon climate zone in the north temperate zone, with abundant sunshine, high effective accumulated temperature and large temperature difference between day and night. It is this unique geographical environment and climate that provides the best natural environment for the growth of Lycium barbarum, which is known as "Ningxia in Huang Hefu, and Lycium barbarum in China".
Identification of Zhongning Lycium barbarum L.;
The first is the "four look" appearance.
1. Fruit shape: Zhongning Lycium barbarum is oval, flat but not round, long but not thin.
2. Look at the navel: The navel of Zhongning Lycium barbarum is obviously white.
3. Look at the color: Zhongning Lycium barbarum is crimson or purplish red.
4. See if it is caked: the moisture content of Zhongning Lycium barbarum dried fruit is between 12- 13%, so the packaging should not be caked. If it is extruded into a block, it will automatically loosen after pressure loss.
The second is to try to sink with clear water. Zhongning Lycium barbarum has a high floating rate in clear water.
The third is to taste the taste. Zhongning Lycium barbarum L. has thin skin and thick meat, pure taste, sweet and slightly bitter taste.
The fourth is to identify the smell. Zhongning Lycium barbarum will have a special fragrance if it is sealed and opened.
Why is medlar called medlar? Lycium barbarum is one of the top ten tonics in China, and it is a good product to prolong life. But there is a touching legend about the origin of the name "Lycium barbarum".
According to legend, during the Warring States Period, in the southern bank of the Yellow River and the northern foot of Xiangshan (now Weining) in the territory of Qin, there was a young farmer named Dog, who took farming as his profession and married Qi. Qi is diligent and virtuous. Husband and wife work at sunrise, rest at sunset, support their mother, but barely make ends meet. When Qin annexed the six countries, the traitors fought in Xinjiang, and the dogs were guarded.
"the general died in hundreds of battles, and the strong man returned in ten years." The dog came back from the defense, his face covered with hair and beard. Seeing the famine in my hometown, the barren countryside and passers-by begging. The dog was scared and didn't know what happened to the old mother's wife. When I got home, I was surprised to find that my mother's hair was silver and her wife's face was as rosy as a passerby. She said, "I met my neighbors on the road. They were hungry, but my mother and I were full. Why? " My wife said to me, "after I joined the army, I worked all day to make a living." Last year, there was a plague of locusts and no harvest. I took the red fruits in the mountains and my mother to satisfy my hunger, lest. " His mother said, "If my daughter-in-law hadn't eaten the red fruit, I would have died!" "
Dogs love to cry and respect their wives more. Neighbors smelled it and scrambled to eat it, calling it "Lycium barbarum".
Later generations found that the red fruit picked by the dog's wife Qi's had the effects of nourishing yin, enriching blood, tonifying lung and strengthening stomach, so folk doctors used it as medicine and renamed it Lycium barbarum.
Is there a story about Lycium barbarum? Lycium barbarum belongs to Solanaceae, Solanaceae, Lyciinae and Lycium genus in plant classification. Small deciduous shrub with short spines It is a perennial woody plant, and its age is over 100 years. Because "the thorn is like the thorn of holly, and the stem is like the bar of medlar", it is named medlar.
Lycium barbarum, whose fruit is called Lycium barbarum, is one of the most famous specialties in Ningxia. Alias: Dog Ridge, Floor Shop, Sparrow Branch, Sparrow Tree, Xian Di, Di Jie, Cookie, Goat Milk, Immortal Staff, Western King Staff, Coral Fruit and Red Fruit. , commonly known as "Ming Mu Zi".
Lycium barbarum is a treasure in traditional Chinese medicine. Its fruit contains many nutrients, such as saccharin, carotene, riboflavin, thiamine, VC, nicotinic acid, anticonvulsant, calcium, iron and phosphorus. This is really a good medicine for nourishing and strengthening the body. Its main functions are: moistening lung, clearing liver, nourishing kidney, benefiting qi, producing sperm, strengthening yang, relieving fatigue, strengthening bones and muscles, expelling wind and improving eyesight. In ancient times, there were many prescriptions for using or adding Lycium barbarum, such as Lycium barbarum paste, Gouju Dihuang pill, Guilu Erxian glue, Guilingshou, Zuoguiyin and Xiaoying decoction. These ancient prescriptions handed down from generation to generation can be used as a tonic for those who are weak in essence and blood, or as a good medicine for nourishing liver and kidney, treating deficiency and nourishing yin, or as a nutritional product for eliminating evil, strengthening body and prolonging life.
There are four ways to take Lycium barbarum: first, it can be eaten fresh, the newly picked Lycium barbarum is crystal clear, the juice is thick and full, and the mouth is sweet and moist, which can be eaten about 10 g a day; The second is to use medlar decoction or compound decoction according to the doctor's advice; The third is to soak wine, usually one catty of medlar and three jins of high-grade wine, which can be drunk in two weeks; The fourth is to cook Lycium barbarum into vegetables. The flowers and stems of Lycium barbarum are also very valuable in medicine. The ancients said, "Roots and flowers are things that are not discarded." In the past, Lycium barbarum in Ningxia was divided into four categories: Yuchao, Gongguo, Dadong and Yuan Kui. These feudal rank names, to a certain extent, reflect that the dignitaries in Ningxia enjoyed Lycium barbarum in the old society.
China has a long history of planting Lycium barbarum. There is a poem in The Book of Songs Xiaoya that says, "If the north is steep, take this as a lesson." . Shennong Herbal Classic is the first ancient book to incorporate Lycium barbarum into Chinese medicine. For more than two thousand years, Lycium barbarum, as a valuable Chinese medicine, has been widely praised for its efficacy. Taiping Shenghui Fang, compiled in the Northern Song Dynasty, records a woman who took Lycium barbarum leaves, flowers, seeds and roots all the year round and lived for more than 370 years. Li Mingzhizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica records that "Lycium barbarum leaves are picked in spring and are famous for their herbal essence; Picking flowers in summer is called long grass; Picked in autumn, named Lycium barbarum; " Collecting roots in winter is called cortex lycii. "Four kinds of herbs are combined into pills, which are often taken by the elderly." Being a hundred years old, he walks like a fly, turns white to black, recovers his teeth, and is full of yang and body fluid. "
The above rumors may not be reliable, but the efficacy of Lycium barbarum in nourishing and treating deficiency has been proved by thousands of years of clinical practice. As the ancient book "Materia Medica Yan Hui" said: "Lycium barbarum can invigorate qi, replenish blood, nourish yang, nourish yin, reduce fire, and remove rheumatism, which is absolutely useful." Liu Yuxi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised Lycium barbarum, saying, "Flourishing leaves are immortal sticks, and roots can grow Swiss dogs." The taste of top functional manna, and I know that a spoonful can prolong the age. "
For a long time, Ningxia Lycium barbarum ranks first in the country for its pure quality and abundant output. According to historical records, Lycium barbarum has been cultivated in Ningxia for at least 500 years, and it was listed as a "tribute fruit" in Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty. The Annals of Zhongwei County compiled during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty said: "There are several kinds of Lycium barbarum gardens in Ning 'an area (now Zhongning County, Ningxia), and all provinces use Lycium barbarum as medicine, and production is the best. "At that time, people once wrote poems praising:" The trees in June 7th are red, and medicine and fruit in Ning 'an are good in the world. " Instead of being rich, it is better to spend 1000 yuan to reward the current price. "In Shuo Fang Dao Zhi, it is also recorded that" Ning 'an Lycium barbarum fort is the best ".
In Ningxia, people commonly call Lycium barbarum as "shrine", Lycium barbarum garden as "shrine garden" and farmers who grow Lycium barbarum as "shrine farmers". According to legend, Ningxia Lycium barbarum was first propagated naturally in Changle Fort, Yongkang Fort, Xuanhebao and other places near the Yellow River in Zhongwei. Later, through the breeding and improvement of the "Zi Nong" generation in Han Hui, many excellent varieties were successfully cultivated and gradually introduced to all parts of the country. Nowadays, Lycium barbarum is planted in more than 20 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, Europe, Mediterranean countries, North America, the former Soviet Union and other places. Most of its ancestors are "Ningxia Lycium barbarum".
Although Ningxia Lycium barbarum is spread all over the country, only Ningxia enjoys a long-standing reputation at home and abroad, and is known as the peerless best in Lycium barbarum. The fundamental reason lies in the right place at the right time, and the merit lies in the harmony between people. Ningxia Ciyuan has harmonious soil, compatible cold and warm, timely irrigation and drainage, and sufficient sunshine. This natural geographical condition is extremely suitable for the growth of Lycium barbarum, and the experience of planting Lycium barbarum handed down from generation to generation has made Ningxia Lycium barbarum famous for a long time.