On Song Jiang's Personality in Water Margin
Abstract: The vigorous peasant uprising in Shuihu is of historical significance, which spread the peasants' ideals of struggle, stimulated the peasants' will to fight and played a role in disintegrating the feudal social and economic foundation. However, it has always had historical limitations, and it has not completely broken through the shackles of orthodoxy, and it is also inevitable that it will fail. As the leader of the rebel army, Song Jiang's character development is closely related to the formation, growth and failure of the Shuihu Rebel Army. Sung River compromised and surrendered, and the rebels finally failed.
Keywords: contradictory complexity Song Jiang's personality characteristics
Abstract: The vigorous peasant uprising in Shuihu is of historical significance, which has played an important role in disintegrating the feudal social and economic foundation and spreading the peasants' ideals and will of struggle. However, due to historical limitations and constraints, although orthodoxy has not completely broken through, it is doomed to failure. Song Jiang's character as the leader of the rebel army is closely related to his creation. Grand. It is also the failure of the army. He called on people to protect justice and got people's support. And how did the insurgents finally surrender and fail?
Keywords: Songjiang has a complicated personality contradiction
The Water Margin, whose full name is Loyalty and Righteousness, is a famous novel reflecting the peasant uprising in the history of China literature. Through the story that heroes from all walks of life, led by Song Jiang, were caught up with Liangshan, the author vividly explained the reality of "officials forcing the people to rebel" in feudal society, expressed his yearning for social peace, national prosperity and national security, and hated corrupt officials, and outlined an ideal picture of loyalty to the monarch, patriotism and staying away from violence. Loyalty is the main idea of this paper. The biggest load of this thought is the character Song Jiang created by the author. Song Jiang is not only an important character in the novel, but also a special character in the novel. He is important because, as the leader of the uprising army, he personally created, developed and expanded the uprising team, making it a menace to the Song Dynasty. He is special because he devoted himself to the rebellion, but never forgot his loyalty to the feudal ruling class, and finally ruined the uprising.
1. Introduction of Water Margin and Song Jiang's position in Water Margin.
The Water Margin is one of China's four classical novels, and it is also the first vernacular novel reflecting the peasant uprising in the history of China. The full name is "Loyalty and Righteousness Water Margin", referred to as Water Margin. Written in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, the author has been controversial. It is generally believed that this was written by Shi Naian. According to the whole process of the popular Song Jiang Uprising from occurrence to failure, the novel portrays Song Jiang, Li Kui jy, Song Wu, Lin Chong and others.
Song Jiang is the number one figure in Water Margin, and he is also one of the most plump, three-dimensional, complicated and artistic figures. The word "Linjiang Fairy" praises Song Jiang in this way: "Since the sword and pencil are officials, the spirit should be a star, and wealth can be more abundant. You should be filial to your family and make a name for yourself. You should be generous to the weak and be wise to protect yourself. You should be generous in time. " This is the Jianghu hero's evaluation of Song Jiang. It was Song Jiang's popularity that led to the development and growth of Shuihu rebels. It was also Song Jiang who compromised and surrendered, and the promising Shuihu Rebel was killed, injured and ended in failure. What is the reason for this? Personally, I think the formation, growth and even failure of the Shuihu Rebel Army are closely related to Song Jiang's personality.
Second, the history of Song Jiang
Different from some fictional characters in the Water Margin, there is indeed a man named Song Jiang in history, and there are some sporadic records about Song Jiang in many historical books and literati notes. In the History of Song Dynasty, it was recorded that Xuanhe was in the third year (AD 1 122). "Huainan stole Song Jiang and others from Huaiyang Army and sent them to beg for arrest and commit crimes (now Shandong). Ordered Zhang Shuye County to hand him over. " An official named Hou Meng was also mentioned in the introduction to East Capital. He once wrote to the emperor to suggest that "JD.COM at the mouth of Sung River was covered with a letter, saying that there were 36 people at the mouth of Sung River, and there were tens of thousands of troops in Qi Wei. If you dare not resist, you will not forgive Jiang and let Fang La atone, or it will be enough to quell the chaos in the southeast. "
There is also the Sung River Uprising in history, which is clearly recorded in the History of Song Dynasty. According to the records in the History of Song Dynasty, the time of Sung River Uprising was from the first year of Xuanhe to the third year of Xuanhe, and the uprising mainly involved Taihang Mountain, Shandong and northern Jiangsu. The leader of the uprising was Song Jiang. Uprising has the nature of bandits and does not necessarily have a fixed base; The end of the uprising was to surrender after serious setbacks; Although the scale of the uprising is not too large, its fighting capacity is particularly strong; The influence of the uprising is not small; The water margin, the center of the uprising, is only about 100 km away from the capital Tokyo, which seriously threatens Beijing's security. The areas involved in the uprising were relatively developed in the Northern Song Dynasty. Shuihu was a lake in the middle reaches of Guangji River in Xuanhe period, and the upper reaches of Guangji River flowed out of Bianliang City, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Guangji River is an important channel for JD.COM's grain transportation, occupying the water margin in the middle reaches of Guangji River and posing a threat to the politics, economy and military of the Northern Song Dynasty. The story of Sung River Uprising will be recorded in the history of Song Dynasty.
Third, the image of Song Jiang in Water Margin
Song Jiang is the protagonist of the whole Water Margin, the first character in the novel and the most controversial one.
Song Jiang, known as "Timely Rain", is nicknamed Black Song Jiang, Xiaoyi Heisaburo, Timely Rain and Tiger Baoyi. Worked as an escort in Yuncheng County, Shandong Province. He is a small official all day. Classical sent Liu Tang to send gold and letters to Song Jiang. Yan Poxi, Song Jiang's wife, found that Song Jiang had an affair with Liangshan and took the opportunity to blackmail him. Sung River angered Yan Poxi, fled to Cangzhou and was forced to go to Liangshan.
In the novel, Song Jiang's life is tortuous. First, he is a hero, Liangshan hero. After joining the army, he became a loyal minister of the court, and the final outcome was tragic.
Song Jiang's acceptance of woo is based on history, not the author's fabrication. In the 32nd chapter of Water Margin, it is said that woo was put forward by Wu Songxian, and Song Jiang agreed. The record of woo in history is true, but it is only about 100 words, and the novel is quite well developed and the plot is very specific. Song Jiang's acceptance of woo is related to Song Jiang's contradictory personality. On the one hand, on the other hand, he wants to serve the court, be loyal to the monarch and love the people. When Song Jiang proposed to woo, Song Wu was the first to stand out against it, but Song Jiang insisted on wooing the court and died.
In the thirty-ninth episode of Water Margin, Song Jiang wrote an anti-poem: "The heart is in Shandong and in Wu, and the heart is floating in Pengjiang Lake. If he follows Ling Yunzhi, he dares to laugh at Huang Chao's husband. " I think this is his drunken problem, and it doesn't represent Song Jiang's real thoughts.
Fourthly, the three periods of Song Jiang's character deduction.
Song Jiang is not only an important character in the novel, but also a special character in the novel. He is important because, as the leader of the uprising army, he personally created, developed and expanded the uprising team, making it a menace to the Song Dynasty. He is special because he devoted himself to the rebellion, but never forgot his loyalty to the feudal ruling class, and finally ruined the uprising himself. "Righteousness" made him inclined to revolution and dissatisfied with reality; "Loyalty" made him indecisive and indecisive. This dual character not only caused Song Jiang's personal tragedy, but also caused the tragedy of the rebel army.
In the author's pen, loyalty is undoubtedly the core of Song Jiang's character. Around this core, the author interprets Song Jiang's life track in three stages: one is the period of chivalrous heroes; The second is the desperate Jianghu, and the grass is cut off; Third, after wooing.
1, chivalrous hero period
This period is an important foreshadowing of Song Jiang's life. The author has only one purpose, that is, to highlight Song Jiang's "righteousness". This is not only the basis of the character, but also the basis of the whole novel. Therefore, as soon as the character appeared, the author set the tone of "righteousness" for him. In 18, the novel gives a general introduction to Song Jiang: he has to make friends with Jianghu heroes and always helps the poor.
During this period, Song Jiang's greatest act of righteousness was to release Chao Gai and others privately. After outwitting the birth class, things were exposed. After the exposure, Song Jiang knew for the first time that Song Jiang had a psychological description when he saw the court guarding against Liang Shan's Chao Gai thief Kou Wengong: "Chao Gai and others don't want to do such a big thing! Robbed the birth class, killed the public, and hurt He Tao's observation; And damage to many loyalists; And Huang An alive up the hill; Such a crime is to ruin the business of nine families! " Although I was forced to do so by others, I can't forgive the law. What if I'm negligent? "This kind of psychological activity conveys two messages: First, Song Jiang, as a court official who knows the law, knows that a series of events committed by Chao Gai are the crime of exterminating the nine families. Although what happened before is inevitable, it is impossible to turn back now; Second, Song Jiang was worried about Classical and others, fearing that they would make mistakes. There is a faint worry in his heart. This is a contradiction. Theoretically, the classical and others can't obey the law. Emotionally, I don't want them to have problems. This is the true psychology of Song Jiang. He clearly knew that Classical stole the birthday program and committed a heinous crime, and because Classical was his confidant brother, although it was impossible to forgive him in terms of statutes, he wanted to let Classical go. Sung river at this time, but also just know the law. It may be easy for others to do this, but it is difficult for him to do it with Song Jiang. This proves that he is a hero.
Generally speaking, Song Jiang in the chivalrous period was a hero with loyalty and perfect character. The "righteousness" shown in him reflects the moral pursuit of living in harmony and helping each other in feudal times.
2, desperate rivers and lakes, becoming an outlaw is a period of stagnation.
Angry killing of Yan Poxi was an important turning point in Song Jiang's life. In order to escape the punishment of the imperial court, he had to flee the Jianghu and wander around. The purpose of the author's writing about his escape from the Jianghu is to show a word "righteousness". For example, the courtesy of Chai Jin, a whirlwind, and the different attitudes of the robber king in Qingfeng Mountain all set off his "righteousness" from the side. Song Jiang's loyalty not only made him famous, but also made him like an amulet. Being killed is lucky. Heroes from all walks of life pay homage to Song Jiang in return for his "righteous act". It is precisely because of this that Song Jiangcai has such great cohesion and United many heroes around him, so that he can sit firmly in the handsome position and have such high prestige! Obviously, "righteousness" is his capital to command Liangshan in the future.
Not only that, the Jianghu in Greenwood also gave Song Jiang an opportunity to show his organizational and leadership skills. When he fled to Qingfeng Village, he conspired with Huarong Road to avenge Liu's wife and defeated the official army. Later, in order to crush the loyalist pursuit, Qin Ming's participation was obtained by trickery, which drove Qin Ming onto the road of rebellion. With his "righteousness" and wisdom, Song Jiang initially assembled a rebel army in Qingfeng Mountain. Leading this rebel team to Liangshan, Song Jiang showed great contempt and trampling on feudal autocracy with practical actions. At this time, did it ever occur to him that Qin Ming, who was loyal to the emperor, had no remorse, but forced him to rebel? This was to maintain the feudal system and earn Qin Ming, which led to the killing of a few Qin Ming families. This is to protect the feudal king. Qin Ming was betrayed innocently, and his beautiful woman died innocently on the spot. Is this justice or injustice? The germination of Song Jiang's rebellious thought was quickly stifled by a letter from Song Taigong. Out of loyalty and filial piety, Song Jiang repeatedly refused the proposal of Classical and others to invite him up the mountain to join the partnership, preferring to be a prisoner of the imperial court rather than an enemy of the imperial court. This contradiction between "loyalty" in his bones and "disloyalty" in his actions made him completely clean and rebellious, but "loyalty" was right. Song Jiang Shang Liang Shan is full of hesitation and drama. Although he was detained on his way to Jiangzhou, which was dangerous and unpredictable, Song Jiang was frightened, but he still refused to change his original intention and repeatedly refused to keep his kindness from heroes of all walks of life.
After stabbing Jiangzhou to death, Song Jiang had hoped to turn over a new leaf, be a good citizen again, report to the court and settle down, but the feudal class did not buy his account. Finally, he was killed because of a so-called "anti-poem". Although Song Jiang was also rushed to Liangshan, how different he was from Song Wu, Lin Chong and others!
After Song Jiang became an outlaw in Liangshan, he gave full play to his leadership, reorganized the shanzhai, trained the troops, led the rebels to attack the city and plunder the land, and defeated the government troops, which seriously threatened the survival of the Song Dynasty. In order to strengthen himself, he used all means to attract talents and "forced" Hu, Guan Sheng and other Song Dynasty generals to go to Liangshan. In order to recruit Lu Junyi up the mountain, Song Jiang, on the one hand, made a big show of "benevolence and righteousness". On the other hand, he sent someone to write an anti-poem at his home in Beijing, cutting off his retreat. Even Lu Junyi was wronged and imprisoned in prison. In order to save him, Song Jiang led his troops on a long journey. Enemy at the Gates, Hu, Guan Sheng and Lu Junyi did not rebel. It was Song Jiang who forced the people to rebel, and when the people were willing to rebel, Song Jiang sealed his wife and children to comfort them in the future. On the one hand, he claimed to be an important official of the imperial court, and when he met his friends, he called him a "small official", saying that he had to. On the other hand, he fought fiercely against the imperial court. Regardless of the author's subjective intention, Song Jiang was always permeated with a strong rebellious spirit during his becoming an outlaw. So he was able to unite the rebels and the people and win one victory after another. No matter how loyal Song Jiang is to the imperial court in his bones, his actions put himself on the opposite side of the ruling class. Perhaps because of this, the four treacherous court officials have always had bad feelings for Song Jiang after he was recruited. How can they tolerate a man who betrayed the court and be a vassal himself? How dare they give this rebellious hero a high degree of trust? Song Jiang's "righteousness" shows the nature of openly opposing the court. Objectively speaking, Song Jiang before the seventies was more credible, but the disharmony in the later period led to the contradiction of characters.
3, after woo.
Just as the Rebel Army suffered three defeats in Gao Qiu and two victories in Tongguan, Song Jiang's thought and behavior took a 180-degree turn. This man, who has always advertised "doing justice for heaven" and "standing on the king's side", not only did not kill the traitor, but respectfully sent him down the mountain to show his loyalty to the court. In order to win over, he even went to a prostitute to smooth the relationship with the emperor. Because in Song Jiang's view, I have fully met the conditions for surrendering to the court, haven't I? Surrender under the condition that loyal subjects can't destroy themselves, doesn't it show my loyalty to the court? Obviously, he regarded all the victories of Yi Jun in Liangshan as the capital to surrender to the court. After wooing, for the ruler's non-stop breaking Liao, didn't it also prove his loyalty again? Unfortunately, this is just sung river's wishful thinking! In fact, the heartless bad king Song Huizong is confused again, but he is sober, that is, he has never trusted Song Jiang! As the saying goes, "a wily rabbit dies and a running dog cooks;" As the saying goes, "Birds do their best to hide", and Song Jiang's tragedy has long been doomed, but he didn't realize it himself. Instead, he used "righteousness" as an excuse to make many Liangshan brothers fall victim to his "loyalty". Rebelling against the imperial court is because of disloyalty. It is unwise to surrender to the court and be slaughtered; It's unfair to let all brothers die because of him! And he just flaunted his loyalty.
Through the above analysis of the development process of Song Jiang's loyalty and righteousness, we can easily see that loyalty and righteousness are the core of Song Jiang's character, but the contradiction between loyalty and righteousness always exists, but the emphasis is different in different periods. The leading role of loyalty and righteousness makes Song Jiang's life full of tragedy.
Fifth, the complexity of Song Jiang's personality.
In Water Margin, the most complicated character is Song Jiang, who has a kind of bipolar opposition, that is, the opposition between a righteous man and a loyal minister. This opposition reflects the opposition between Confucian loyalty and filial piety in orthodox culture and chivalrous thought in civic culture, and reflects the deep contradictions and conflicts in Song Jiang's character structure.
As soon as Song Jiang appeared, the author introduced him as "filial black saburo", "filial at home, generous in helping others save money", and especially emphasized that he likes to make friends with Jianghu heroes, and has a sense of justice and compassion. At the same time, as soon as he appeared, he was severely tested. Song Jiang's private release of classic works shows that he regards "righteousness" as the highest principle. However, when he was "involved in a sea of blood", he spared the criminals. Jin Shengtan's comments were wrong, but he pointed out that Song Jiang's private release of classic works violated the principle of loyalty to the imperial court and objectively made great contributions to the development of Liangshan Rebel Army.
However, Song Jiang released Classical mainly to save the friendship between friends and confidants. Subjectively, he didn't want to rebel against the imperial court, nor did he want to gather people to rebel. So after killing his wife, he didn't want to go to Liangshan, but fled to Chai Jin and Huarong Road. Unexpectedly, he was framed by Liu Gao and his wife, and was taken to the prison van with Huarong Road and escorted to Qingzhou House. On the way, he was saved by Yan Shun of Qingfeng Mountain and others, so Song Jiang and others decided to go to Liangshan Park. At this time, Liu Gaoren decided to go to Liangshan Park. Song Jiang left Huarong and others for "filial piety" and hurried home for "mourning", which showed the contradiction and conflict between "filial piety" and "righteousness" in Song Jiang. Unexpectedly, on the night of his return home, two leaders of Yuncheng County came to arrest him with more than 100 people. At this time, he said this to his father, who was full of remorse and crying: "Father, don't worry, you are very lucky to see the lawsuit; Tomorrow, the boy hid in the Jianghu and ran into a gang of brothers who killed and set fire to the river. How can he be separated from his father's house outside his state? There must also be a time limit. When he comes back in the future, he will have to serve his father for life. " It shows that Song Jiang still has hope for the government, but he didn't expect to confront the feudal government. Song Jiang stabbed Jiangzhou and passed by the water margin. Classical and others asked him to stay. "He flatly refused.
In Jiangzhou, Song Jiang lived a prisoner's life. Because of his inner depression, he strolled to Xunyang Building and was deeply moved by the scene before him. "I didn't feel the wine coming up, tears streaming down my face, the wind was shocking, and I hated and hurt my feelings." I wrote a poem "Linjiang Xian" and an anti-poem "Dare to laugh at Huang Chao without a husband" in the restaurant. This description of the novel shows that Song Jiang hides his heart. Feel that you can be suppressed; And the grief and indignation of being stabbed with Jiangzhou and living a humiliating life. He is looking forward to one day, like Huang Chao, to report personal grievances, to vent their grievances, to show their ambitions, and to do something earth-shattering.
Although the concept of loyalty and filial piety is deeply rooted in Song Jiang's heart, he doesn't want to be humiliated. At the same time, the idea that the chivalrous man should display his ambition is also stirring in his heart. This is precisely the dual personality of Song Jiang and the bipolar opposition in his personality structure.
Song Jiang's private release of classical music was a major turning point in his life. Jiangzhou's anti-poetry is another turning point in his life. Later, he was condemned by Huang Wenbing and sentenced to death. Jiangzhou, the hero of water margin, robbed him and saved him. Song Jiang had no choice but to go. "Today, Song Jiang can't go to the water margin to go to his brother ..."
Although Song Jiang went to Liangshan and led thousands of troops to confront the feudal dynasty, he did not get rid of the shackles of loyalty and filial piety. He unified loyalty and righteousness, and used "righteousness" to unite people's hearts and achieve the goal of loyalty to the country. Before going up the mountain, he once said, "If you get the favor of the imperial court, you can encourage Lu and Yang Zhi to surrender. But go to the side in the future. " "After going up the mountain, he did not overcome this idea and constantly instilled loyalty into the rebels. After the death of Chao Gai, the "Juyitang" was changed to "Loyalty Hall". He always made it clear to the court generals who surrendered to Liangshan that he went up the mountain to "take refuge when he has the right" and "wait for the court to win him over" in the future. Instead of surrendering to the imperial court when he was cornered, he won one victory after another by the rebels.
Song Jiang is a loyal minister, a dutiful son and a chivalrous man; He is not only the leader of Liangshan rebel army, the hero of Liangshan career development, but also the sinner who ruined Liangshan career. Song Jiang's character is very complicated. Before the Water Margin, China had not successfully created such a typical character with complex personality in the history of novels.
From the above analysis, Song Jiang's character is complicated. In a sense, the composition of successful people is complicated. Western psychoanalytic theory attaches importance to the key role of a person's childhood experience in the formation of his personality. We don't know the specific situation of Song Jiang's childhood experience, but China people seem to pay more attention to the role of environment in character building, so there is a saying that "those who are near are black". Personally, I think that the complexity of Song Jiang's personality is closely related to his career. Many people think that Song Jiang is a person who solves problems and helps the poor, cares about people's lives and pays attention to gathering people's hearts. Actually, this is a misunderstanding. After helping others, Song Jiang often reveals his name intentionally or unintentionally, which shows that his heart is often filled with an extreme vanity. We can be sure that Song Jiang was a helpful person when he was a child. This is what we usually call "nature", and this kind of "nature" has been continued and carried forward in Song Jiang's later career. Once a person is positioned as a good person by the society, he will be psychologically hinted and encouraged to treat a good person to the end. But it is difficult to be a good person, because "helping the needy" requires huge economic support and "solving problems" requires outstanding ability. Fortunately, Song Jiang's escort status provided some convenience for his behavior. In feudal society, such a profession was a kind of social parasite, taking advantage of the public power of the government, taking advantage of the loopholes of the law, and colluding in handling cases to seek social relations and economic benefits for themselves. It is such a group of people who really rely on the operation of the administrative machine. Song Jiang "dares to bully the small with a knife and pencil, and never lets go", which is the reason why he accumulated wealth. It is possible to help others. If he wants to solve problems for others, he should not only rely on the public power of the bureaucracy itself, but also have accessible connections. In China, dealing with some affairs does not depend solely on the power of law, but more transactions actually depend on private coordination, that is, Song Jiang needs a network of contacts if he wants to solve problems for others. This also decided that he would wander between the government and the underworld. His "official" status is exactly what the underworld forces need to rely on. Therefore, we can say that Song Jiang chose the role of a "middleman" intentionally or unintentionally. So from the beginning, I thought that Sung River was an ambitious person in troubled times, which was a bit wishful thinking. His drunken topic is "anti-poetry". Personally, I think. It's just an expression of one's inner ambition. Influenced by the Confucian idea of "ruling the country by family", most Confucian scholars in China are ambitious, but they often have no corresponding talents in real life, and there are many in history, so don't take them seriously. Lu You, Li Bai and Du Fu all wanted to make achievements in the battlefield and politics all their lives, which is a typical example.
Song Jiang's life was achieved because of his personality, but also destroyed because of his personality. As the saying goes, "success is Xiao He, and failure is me". Song Jiang's "loyalty and filial piety, fame spread far and wide" made him gain a great social reputation. But as the saying goes, even if Yan Poxi didn't threaten him and committed murder in fear, his "wall-riding" behavior between black and white roads would eventually end. Song Jiang's nature is generous and upright. He cherishes and even worships his reputation. His infatuation with the pleasure of wandering between the two poles is bound to push his life to a certain "eternal" situation. This is the core idea of Greek tragedy and Greek philosophy-fatalism. Once the carriage of fate starts, everything is helpless. Therefore, when the case of Birthday Gang was committed, Song Jiang was driven by his complicated personality. Has begun to move towards the most important turning point in life. If Song Jiang chose Liangshan as an important bargaining chip for his interests (including fame) intentionally or unintentionally at first, then Liangshan chose Song Jiang later, because the joining of Song Jiang can make Liangshan get some justice.
After Song Jiang was "forced" to go up the mountain by himself and Liangshan heroes, he had to rethink his lifestyle and reposition his life. Song Jiang's real ambition, educated by Confucianism, is to serve the state power and win fame and honor, but this road is almost a "dead end" at this time. So he can only "save the country by curve" through longer-term planning and realize his goal. Many scholars in ancient China made progress by hiding. Song Jiang also used this strategy. Then he seriously "opposed" the imperial court and strengthened Liangshan, so as to win the chips for accepting harness in the future. Of course, in cracking down on gentry, his determination also embodies the common people's thoughts such as "helping the poor and helping the poor" in his character. After all, his background and experience are closely related to the people. This is not in contradiction with his loyalty to the state power. But the struggle of Confucian scholars will always be. Because the Confucian scholars' thoughts in their hearts were born out of the milk of kingship, Song Jiang accepted the favor of the imperial court at the most glorious time in Liangshan, regardless of the strong opposition of all the people in Liangshan. Some people say that Song Jiang is seeking long-term happiness for the Liangshan brothers. Personally, I think this is also true, and a large part of it is true. After all, Song Jiang's character is rooted in the spirit of "righteousness". But it is not very convincing to say that he is all for this. Song Jiang imposed his ideas on all the people in the water margin. In his view, his ultimate way out is to submit to the imperial court, which is a long-term solution and a choice he will make after his own interests are "played". He thinks this is also the best choice for others. But the absurdity of the problem is that a single Song Jiang, without the support of Liangshan, is useless to the court and accepted Song Jiang with Liangshan as the background. Undoubtedly, the imperial court planted a time bomb inside the dynasty. Even if it can be contained in the end, it will be like an adult's cecum-it is of little practical use, but it will cause trouble from time to time. The recruited Liangshan heroes will die.
Judging from the dominant tendency of Song Jiang's personality, Song Jiang has the distinct characteristics of an uprising hero, but this kind of resistance and compromise is contradictory and wonderful harmony. Song Jiang was born in the small landlord class, especially in the pawnshop, and had a strong feudal concept. On the one hand, he sympathized with the sufferings of the people and demanded to oppose unreasonable social reality. On the other hand, he is afraid to take the road of resistance and be accused of disloyalty and unfilial. At the same time, because of his special position in the Shuihu rebels, he has the right to control the actions of the Shuihu rebels. It can be said that it is the complexity of Song Jiang's personality that led to his defeat in the situation of compromise and surrender.
refer to
[1] Li Xifan, Sediments Collection, Culture and Art Press, 2005,204.
[2] Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong, Water Margin, Yuelu Bookstore, 1997, 135.
[3] Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong, Water Margin, Yuelu Bookstore, 1997, 135.
[4] Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong, Water Margin, Yuelu Bookstore,1997,306.
[5] Sun Shaozhen, Intensive Reading of Masterpieces-A Case Study of Micro-analysis, Shanghai Education Society, 2006,249.
[6] Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong, Water Margin, Yuelu Bookstore,1997,342.
[7] Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong, Water Margin, Yuelu Bookstore,1997,316.
[8] Guo Yuheng, editor-in-chief, History of Ancient Chinese Literature, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House;
[9] Yuan Xingpei, editor-in-chief, History of China Literature, Higher Education Press.
[10]www.coolwen.com Wen Ku Net
thank you
This thesis is completed under the careful guidance of my tutor Li Jiuxin. My tutor's profound professional knowledge, rigorous academic attitude, work style of striving for perfection, noble ethics of tirelessly teaching others, noble demeanor of being strict with oneself and lenient with others, unpretentious and approachable personality charm have a far-reaching influence on me. Not only did I set lofty academic goals and master basic research methods, but I also learned a lot about how to deal with people. When the paper is about to be completed, my mood can't be calm. From the beginning to the successful completion of the thesis, my tutor, classmates and friends all gave me wordless help. Please accept my sincere thanks! Finally, I want to thank my parents who raised me with great pains. Thank you!