Read the original text of Yun Mengze
1998, when the Yangtze River flooded, people thought of Yunmengze.
② Is Ozawa today? This almost forgotten flood storage place has become a topic discussed by many people of insight, which has triggered people's review and reflection on history.
The autumn water rises and almost blends with the shore, mixing water and sky with the sky.
Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang.
From Meng Haoran's poems in the early Tang Dynasty, we can more or less imagine the face of Yun Mengze. The water and sky meet, and the flood accumulates, and Wang Yang is mighty and moist.
The Yunmengze that Meng Haoran saw was definitely not as big as Dongting Lake today, but much bigger. According to historical records, Yunmengze in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties roughly included Yiyang, Xiangyin, Jiangling and Anlu in Hubei, and the vast area west of Wuhan, covering an area of more than 50,000 square kilometers, equivalent to half of Jiangsu Province. Now there is Yunmeng County in the south of Anlu, where the land is fertile, cotton and grain are abundant, and there is no trace of a water town and a country. It's incredible that since the Han Dynasty, the land and water have changed greatly, but it's only two thousand years. Today, the only remaining Great Lake Dongting Lake is only 2,700 square kilometers, which is far from the figure of 50,000!
⑤ Where is the endless Yunmengze, pitching between heaven and earth and galloping in the wilderness of nature?
The answer is that it has been silted up, surrounded by dams and weirs, or, more essentially, by people? Eat? Put the gun down.
⑦ With the increasing expansion of population and the development of production skills of human production tools, the struggle between people and rivers and lakes for living space has intensified. The territory that originally belonged to great rivers and lakes has gradually been transformed into pastoral and villages by human beings. Between Jianghan Lake and Jianghan Lake, today's so-called earth dikes are primitive lakes, wetlands and rivers, all of which are part of Yunmengze. People built houses and cultivated around the dam, and over time, it became what it is now. It is not impossible to develop lakes and wetlands moderately and scientifically, but it must not be abused or occupied. Unfortunately, we are taking the road of abuse and encirclement. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period of the development of this kind of people's congresses. After 1950s, this activity reached its peak. 1949 Dongting Lake still covers an area of 4,350 square kilometers. In 1984, it was reduced to 269 1 square kilometers. The Dongting Lake is endless in 800 miles, and now there are only 300 miles left! In 1950s, there were 65,438+0,066 lakes in Jianghan Lake Group, but in the early 1990s, it was reduced to 182. In Jianli County, Hubei Province alone, there are dikes with 17 people, among which Xinzhou Management Area occupies the 25-kilometer-wide Yangtze River waterway, which makes the originally wide Yangtze River waterway extremely narrow.
Roughly calculated, the area of Yunmengze in ancient times is only about one tenth of the original. It has been cut down and reclaimed, leaving only a few large lakes, such as Honghu Lake, Shenhu Lake and Santaishan Lake, and Shui Bo scattered all over the two lakes and plains. The real Yunmengze no longer exists.
Pet-name ruby Historically, the floods in the Yangtze River were not as serious as those in the Yellow River, just because its waist was so big? Water sac? , played a role in regulating the flood, rather than flooding. Only in modern times did the floods in the Yangtze River attract more and more attention. The reasons for this situation are not only the destruction of vegetation in the upper reaches, serious river siltation and other factors, but also the artificial division of Yunmengze.
Attending According to experts, although the flood in 1998 was amazing, it did not exceed the water volume of 1954 of 654.38+0023 billion cubic meters. However, the water pressure caused by it to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is much greater than that of 1954. The reason is that the natural flood storage capacity of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake in the Yangtze River basin has decreased by 38 billion cubic meters since the 1950s. The flood had nowhere to hide, so it had to break through the bank and wash away the road.
⑾ This is natural revenge. ? People do not give water a way out, and water does not give people a way out? . That's right. The target of revenge. First, someone took away the land of water. 1998, more than 100 people's levees were flooded in Hunan and Hubei, and almost 2 million people were affected by the levees. Among them, Jianli County, which is heavily reclaimed, has 17 people and 15 people. People used to drive water out of here, but today water drives people out of here. This is dialectics of nature.
⑿ People's dikes and fences are the hometown of Yunmengze. Yunmengze is the creation of God. After the water from Xichuan, which flows into the Qianhe River, flows out of the Three Gorges, its height suddenly drops, so there must be a big basin to buffer and adjust it, otherwise it will overflow the embankment and running all the way like a runaway wild horse, which will lead to disaster. Even if the banks of the two lakes are heightened and reinforced now, it will put pressure on the downstream and hurt Anhui and Wu. Historical experience has proved that people are made up of? Development? Compared with the overall interests of the whole basin, the benefits obtained may not be cost-effective.
[13] in? Digestion? Yun Mengze made a historic contribution to the flood and the protection of all beings. Today, the only thing that can replace its function is to build the Three Gorges Dam and a new Yunmengze.
Yun Mengze's Reading Theme
17, six paragraphs? Be silted up and surrounded by dams? Can the order of these two phrases be changed? Why? (2 points)
18, in the underlined sentence in paragraph 7? 269 1 km2? With what? Three hundred Li? Are these two figures contradictory? State your reasons. (2 points)
19 Paragraph 7? Min? what's up Hey? Word reading? N, please explain its meaning according to the context. ( 1)
Embarrassed:
20. See underlined sentences in paragraph 9. Why does the Yangtze River need a big waist? Water sac? To regulate the flood? Please use the sentences in this article to answer. ( 1)
2 1. Evaluate the added words and answer them as required (choose one of the following two questions). (2 points)
(1) But it must not be abused or encircled. (? Encirclement? Is it? Reclamation? Please try to figure out what the author means. Encirclement? Instead of taking it? Reclamation? Intention. )
(2) Although the flood in1998 was amazing, it did not exceed the water volume of 1954 of 654.38+002.3 billion cubic meters. (Can the added related words be deleted? Why? )
Please make a brief analysis of the text in the fourth paragraph of this article from the perspective of the application of interpretation methods. (2 points)
23. Read the following two materials, contact the relevant content of this article, explore and talk about your findings. (Speak at least two points) (2 points)
[Hint: The so-called inquiry can be generalization, refinement, comparison, analysis, questioning, criticism, association, migration, reasoning and expansion. It is necessary to integrate information, dig up doubts, difficulties and blank points in the text, and put forward your own opinions. ]
Material 1: According to Han? According to Han and Han records, Yunmengze is located in the southwest of Huarong County, Nanjun County (Qianjiang County, Hubei Province), with a small scope. After the Jin Dynasty, scholars expanded the scope of ancient Yunmengze, generally including Dongting Lake, which was inconsistent with the records before the Han Dynasty.
Material 2: According to modern textual research, what are the ancient books? Cloud dream? Not specifically? Cloud dream? The famous Zeju generally refers to the hunting area of the king of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. This area includes the whole Jianghan Plain and some hills in the east, west and north. In this area, doesn't it all belong to? Cloud dream? Many urban settlements have been reclaimed.
Read Yun Mengze's answer
17、? Siltation? Is it caused by nature? Occupy? Is it artificial, after replacing it with the following? By someone? Eat? Descending? This is incoherent.
18, not contradictory. ? Three hundred Li? Namely. Three hundred Li? , refers to the 300-mile area of Fiona Fang. (In ancient times, calculating the area was to cut off the long sides, make up for the short sides, and then calculate the area. )
19, which refers to the area (place) within the dike.
20. After the water from Xichuan, which flows into Wanxi Qianhe River, flows out of the Three Gorges, the height suddenly drops, so a large basin must be provided for buffer adjustment. (Or: After the water from Xichuan, which flows into thousands of rivers, flows out of the Three Gorges, its height suddenly drops, so a large basin must be provided for buffer adjustment, otherwise it will overflow the bank like a runaway wild horse, causing disaster. )
2 1、( 1)? Encirclement? In a comparable way, with? Abuse? In cooperation, it expresses the author's critical attitude (anger) towards the abuse of wetlands and the destruction of ecological environment. ? Reclamation? There is no such expression effect.
(2)? Although, but? It is a related word of turning complex sentences, emphasizing the meaning of the latter sentence. Want to emphasize? Isn't there more than1954,654.38+002.3 billion cubic meters of water? This means, can you explain the loss? Water sac? The consequences of adjustment. Delete the related words, the turning relationship is unclear, and the meaning of the following clauses cannot be emphasized. (Bold text is the main point of the answer)
22. Paragraph (4) uses a combination of interpretation methods such as quotation, chart, example and comparison. First, quote the records of historical records to determine the scope of ancient Yunmengze, and then use it? 50 thousand square kilometers? This number, and? Half of Jiangsu Province? Make a contrast to illustrate the greatness of the ancient cloud dream; Take Yunmeng County as an example. Two thousand years? This figure shows great changes; Last use? 2700? With what? Fifty thousand? Through comparison, it shows that the real Yunmengze no longer exists because of being cut down and reclaimed.
23. Open questions. Example: (1) The dike-encircling activities in the Yangtze River basin can be traced back to at least before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which shows that people and rivers and lakes have been fighting for living space for a long time.
(2) The author's explanation of the range of ancient Yunmengze may not be accurate, but the fact that people are enclosing dikes and occupying wetlands between Jianghan Lake and Jianghan Lake and the resulting consequences cannot be denied.
(3) according to two materials, Gu Yunmeng ze? 50 thousand square kilometers? The theory is inconclusive, but there is no doubt that the area of Dongting Lake has decreased sharply from 4350 square kilometers in 1949 to 269 1 square kilometers in 1984. Visible modern? Development? The destruction of the Yangtze River wetland between Jianghan Lake and Jianghan Lake is becoming more and more serious.