Keywords: authenticity; Aesthetic standards; Political standards
Haoran is a very important writer in the history of contemporary literature in China. He entered the literary world with "The Magpie Climbs the Branch" and became famous with "Sunny Days". During the * * period, it became famous with Golden Belt, Children of Xisha and Biography of Hundred Flowers. Eight model operas and one screenwriter? A writer is here. In the new era, he once again became famous in the literary world with his Life for Life. At the end of the twentieth century, he put? I am a miracle? Recruit literary circles to discuss again. Haoran is a controversial writer, and his right and wrong, praise and criticism are different, which all prove that he is indeed an important and unique writer in the history of contemporary literature in China.
As Haoran's favorite work, The Cotai Strip mainly tells the people and events in the process of rural cooperative movement in the last century. Haoran has been brewing for a long time when he wrote this novel, and he is ambitious: Want to write one for the people's countryside in China? History? Want to do one for the countryside? Pass? ; Want to tell future generations through it, for thousands of years, like scattered sand, China farmers went it alone, how in just a few years? Organization? , become a collective worker; I want to describe this earth-shaking change truthfully, and I want to praise the creator of this miracle! ? However, due to the particularity of the age of novel creation, there has always been controversy. What is the focus of the debate? The authenticity of literature? Let's go Some people say that "The Cotai Strip" is full of conceptual descriptions, a lot of false emptiness and pretended happiness, which are unique things, otherwise "The Cotai Strip" could not stand out and become a classic in that era. Some people even say that Haoran is influenced by time? Extreme left? The influence of thought, "The Cotai Strip" is a praise of the * * era. Many people question the authenticity of the Cotai Strip from a historical perspective. They believe that there are many illusions in the rural cooperative movement, such as high indicators, blind command, bragging and so on, which are untrue and false. Of course, the Cotai Strip is also fake. But I think the authenticity of literature depends on the literary works themselves.
First of all, I personally think that "The Cotai Strip" is true, and Haoran really described the real phenomenon of that era. What we say now is all false, all false, but these mistakes and inaccuracies were not false in people's minds at that time. 1994, when jinghua publishing house published four volumes of "cotai avenue", Haoran said smugly: strictly speaking, I am the only one who recorded the process of agricultural social change in China in the form of novels. These are four golden avenues. I dare to assert that there is no second me in the world. Someone must have written this history in the future, but they have no personal experience. What they wrote, the angle and the viewpoint will not be from that period, will they? Insider? . Their works must have a great contrast with the "Cotai Strip", or even the complete opposite. In this sense, the publication of this book is not personal, but belongs to the whole literary career. So I want to publish it. ? (2) The gains and losses of the history and policies of the agricultural cooperative movement cannot be used as the standard for us to evaluate the Cotai Strip. People are sometimes used to judging the past with modern values. The Cotai Strip is not a political material for people to study the cooperative movement, it is just a novel written by Haoran, and that's all.
Haoran as a? For farmers, write farmers? As a writer, he has deep feelings for the countryside. He stubbornly writes about the countryside according to his own understanding, and even the outside world has many doubts about the authenticity of his novels. No confession? Criticism, but he still insists that his work is true. So what is the authenticity of literature? Different times and different literary trends of thought also have different understandings. Apart from the authenticity of literature, what do we emphasize more? The essential truth? But strictly speaking, just as there is no completely objective truth, it cannot be completely essential. Because of the subjectivity of the creator, any work will have the subjective color of the author. Besides,? A truly excellent literary work is absolutely different from objective records. In addition to the presentation of the facts themselves, it must also be permeated with the writer's profound thoughts, including the writer's profound thinking on life, humanity and life facts, which condenses his profound understanding of the essential truth. Therefore, to evaluate the authenticity of a work, we should not only look at whether it is completely consistent with the external reality, but also look at the author's penetrating power, thinking power and insight into the deep life and his ability to reveal the essence of life through the surface of life. Only when the author's penetrating power is strong and profound, revealing the deep undercurrents hidden behind life, which are ignored or difficult to understand by ordinary people, will there be real ideological shock and high authenticity. ? (3) Compared with the understanding of literary authenticity, on the surface, the Cotai Strip is very in line with the social situation at that time. Although there was no law of historical development in Cotai Avenue at that time, and although his thinking depth was not enough, it was obvious that Haoran's works also had their own thoughts and feelings, that is, to treat people with emotion. His yearning for a better life and selfless pursuit of collectivism are enough to make his text have unique charm. Haoran was an out-and-out farmer before writing, and he had bright hopes for the future of the countryside. People say? Novel originates from life, but it is higher than life? . Is the expression of "Cotai Strip" actually what Haoran thinks? Utopia? The essence of literature is to express your feelings. Perhaps "The Cotai Strip" failed to win with absolute artistic sense and unparalleled ideological penetration, but we should respect the works written by the author in good faith to express his feelings.
I think the authenticity of the Cotai Strip should be affirmed, and its position in the history of contemporary literature is also worthy of our consideration. During the * * period, the Cotai Strip was quite influential as a classic novel, but in the new period, it was mostly denied. In the early 1980s, the evaluation of Haoran and his works was basically stereotyped. Hong Zicheng, Zhang Zhong and others wrote in An Introduction to Contemporary Literature. In * * * *, Haoran obviously accepted it in his creation? The gang of four? Advocate the theory of creation. His "Golden Strip" not only has three prominent mold prints, but also the following? Route departure? Now Haoran is summing up lessons and embarking on a journey. ? Obviously, the main criterion for evaluating the Cotai Strip in this period was political criteria.
People's evaluation of the history of literature seems to have been taking a wave-like road. This work is a classic now, but decades later, people criticized and denied it a lot. Decades later, people rehabilitated this work and thought it was a classic or a classic. Today, we should evaluate the Cotai Strip from the perspective of aesthetic consciousness, and we must also admit that Haoran and his Cotai Strip left an important page in the history of contemporary literature in China. On February 28th, 2008, Haoran, the only writer in the * * period, died in Beijing. His death marked the end of that era. In the face of ups and downs, he has never changed the true nature of farmers.
Pay attention to and release:
Haoran: A few words about the Cotai Strip, on the writing of Niwo [M], Henan University Press, 1997 May Edition.
Haoran: My Life: Haoran's Oral Autobiography [M], Huayi Publishing House, 2000, 10.
(3) He: "Re-evaluate1the true scale of agricultural cooperative novels in the 1950s" [J]. Literary Criticism, 2003(4).
④ Zhang Zhong, Hong Zicheng, etc. Editor-in-Chief: An Introduction to Contemporary Literature [M], Peking University Publishing House, July edition, 1980.