The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl are the most famous folklore in our country, and they are the most famous stories about stars among our people.
Who told this story first, and when did it begin to spread among the people-I wonder if these two questions have been verified. There is such a passage in the Chronicle of the Age of Jingchu written in the Southern and Northern Dynasties: "To the east of the Tianhe River, there is a weaver girl and a son of the Emperor of Heaven.
Weave clothes every year. God pitied him for being alone, and promised to marry a cowherd in Hexi.
after marriage, I abandoned my knitting. The Emperor of Heaven was angry and ordered to return to Hedong.
Only on the night of July 7th every year, cross the river for a while. " About the Weaver Girl, there are several references to her in ancient books.
Annals of the Later Han Dynasty: "Weaver girl, the son of heaven is a true girl." "Historical Records": "Samsung, at the eastern end of Tianji, is also a goddess."
The Battle of Jiaolin: "To the east of the Tianhe River, there is a faint star, which is called the Weaver Girl." Tianhe is the light belt that we see across the sky at night; The ancients in our country also called it Yinhan, Xinghe, Tianhang, Yinhuang, Minghe, Alpine and so on.
Now astronomers call it the Milky Way. Vega is in the east of the Milky Way, and its western name is Vega.
In the past, Chinese people divided the sky into 28 places and three places. Now astronomers all over the world have decided to divide the sky into 88 "constellations". Vega is the brightest star in Lyra.
There are five stars in the nearby Milky Way that are almost as bright as a cross, and those five stars belong to Cygnus. There are three stars in close proximity to the west of the Milky Way. The brighter star in the middle is Altair, also called Altair. In ancient China, it was called "Hegu", "Hegu" and "Huanggu", and in the west it was called Altair.
Cowherd is the brightest star in Aquila. It and the two stars with less brightness on both sides are sometimes called "shoulder-pole stars".
According to the myth, the two stars next to them are the cowherd and the baby he gave birth to. Swan is floating in the Milky Way, a girl is weaving by the river, and a shepherd with two children is herding cattle on the other side.
what a beautiful picture it is. Qin Guan, a poet in the Song Dynasty, was also excited by the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, which brought joy in sorrow and sadness in joy. He skillfully expressed the artistic conception of this touching story in long and short sentences.
"Queqiao Fairy" is a beautiful poem in the ci. The thin clouds are changing in the sky, the meteors in the sky pass the sorrow of acacia, the endless galaxy tonight I quietly crossed.
when the golden wind and the jade dew meet, they win over countless people. Common v acacia, tender feelings water, a brief encounter like a dream, when they can not bear to see the bridge road.
if a relationship lasts for a long time, it's not the same day and night. Once upon a time, many people in our country believed that Cowherd and Weaver Girl really met on the Qixi River.
On that night, women used needles to beg for clever people, and sacrificed melons and fruits to Vega. This story is also often used as the material for drama. The play "Cowherd and Weaver Girl" is mostly found in Beijing opera, drama and local operas around the country.
In the drama, the cowherd is a child herding cattle in the countryside. He refused to help his brother farm, his sister-in-law drive water and his mother do housework.
Cowherd is just playful and loves to have strange fantasies. His best friend is the old cow he guards.
One night, he saw the fairyland in the sky in his dream. He took the old cow and set off for the sky.
At the same time, there is a weaver girl in the sky who wants to come down to enjoy the warmth of the world. The Queen Mother pitied the loneliness of the Weaver Girl and sent golden couple and Magpie to take the Weaver Girl to the ends of the earth to meet the Cowherd.
"The golden wind and the jade dew meet" is really "more than countless people". A couple of lovers were sent to the cloud nine for their honeymoon.
Cowherd has traveled all over the scenic spots in the sky, and after a long time, he feels bland. The weaver girl has to continue to weave the brocade dress and can't stay with him all the time.
Cowherd is getting more and more bored. Knowing from Golden Boy that his family is looking forward to his return day and night, he tells Weaver the idea of going home. Weaver girl is determined to go to the ground with him to enjoy the lovely spring.
it's a pity that it's secret, and the queen mother of the west knows about it. She came to draw a milky way with a jade hairpin to separate the cowherd from the Weaver Girl, and only promised to send magpies to form a flyover on Tanabata every year so that they could cross the river once.
Cowherd returned to the world and was glad to see his mother, brother and sister-in-law. Since then, he has stopped being lazy, making meaningless fantasies and working hard every day.
he realized that beauty can also be created in real life. He smelled the smell of the earth, and he understood the meaning of life.
His only regret is that his beloved Weaver can't come to work with him and enjoy the warmth of the world. But you can meet once a year on Tanabata, which is much better than farewell.
There are several songs in a play, one of which is Meet Magpies by Yu Peng: Who knows when forever will last? Who knows how many years from hate? I have spent a long year, so it is rare to have this wonderful night on Tanabata; But it is infinite sorrow to meet at the magpie bridge. Dreams are long and nights are short.
see the morning star in Dongshan, and it will dawn soon. What can be done is that magpies are noisy and urge people to part ways.
We have to wait until next year's Tanabata will come quickly. Until today, there are still many people in our country who really believe that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meet once a year to cross the river on Tanabata, and many women still ask the Weaver Girl for help that night.
Unfortunately, science tells us that the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is not true, it is just a poetic myth. In recent years, the progress of astronomy has made us know this star, other stars and the Milky Way much more clearly than before.
The Milky Way is not a river. There is not a drop of water or a bridge in the Milky Way. It is a collection of many stars and nebulae, which can be seen with a large telescope.
Although the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl are not absolutely "constant", they can't be seen to move to each other at all on Tanabata, let alone "crossing the river". Every year on Tanabata, one is in the east of the river, the other is in the west of the river, and each other is sighing at the river.
The progress of science has shattered their dreams, which reminds the author of Cao Xueqin's couplets for the archway in the dreamland: the land is thick and the sky is high, and it is regrettable that the ancient and modern feelings are endless; Looking for a marriage, poor Fengyun, debt is hard to pay. The word "constant" of a star is only relative to the word "line" of a planet.
In fact, no star in the sky is absolutely constant; Every star is moving, moving more and moving less. Altair moves .658 angular seconds on the celestial sphere every year; In addition, it leaves us and runs out at a speed of 26 kilometers per second (93,6 kilometers per hour).
Therefore, the speed of Altair in space is dozens of times faster than the fastest passenger plane on the ground. Weaver moves slowly, but she can still win the women's 1-meter race.
she is here every year. 2. Ask for an essay about astronomical knowledge.
If only the moon could blink.
At the same time when we see the stars blinking with us, we can always see the moon at some nights every month. The moon is spectacular from crescent moon to big disk. Whenever I see these scenes, I think, can the moon blink at our children like the stars? Is it unhappy? Why is it always that face? Of course, if the moon blinks, it will make our night with the moon bright and dark. Isn't that like our neon lights?
It turns out that the moon itself doesn't give off light, but just reflects some of the sun's light, so it seems to be the second celestial body in people's eyes. No wonder Shakespeare said through the mouth of Timon in Athens, "The moon is a thief, and her pale light is stolen from the sun." Although it is stolen light, it brings us infinite light. The moon is very close to us, with a difference of 384, kilometers. Maybe you think the moon is close to us, so it doesn't shine. If you think so, you are only half right. The moon is like a star, and a star is worth a moon. Its light passing through the atmosphere is also disturbed by the air flow, which produces light refraction. It is close to us and looks much larger than the stars, so we can't feel the light jitter. This is why the moon won't blink at us.
Although I don't know much knowledge, I am very interested in it. My superficial ideas and knowledge need to be constantly understood and observed. At the same time, I hope that the students who are interested in this will give me enlightenment and help. We are also willing to invite experts to provide more opportunities for us to learn and communicate. 3. composition about astronomical knowledge
the universe of astronomical knowledge is mysterious, but human beings are exploring and excavating, so let's get to know his preliminary knowledge! I. The mass of some celestial bodies in a black hole is very huge, so the gravity is extremely strong, and nothing can escape from there, even light is no exception.
There is no light returning, so the eyes can't see the object, so it is called a "black hole". Ii. People on the ecliptic Earth look at the apparent path taken by the sun among the stars in one year, that is, the great circle of the ecliptic where the earth's orbital plane intersects the celestial sphere forms an angle of 23 degrees and 26 minutes with the celestial equator, and intersects at the vernal equinox and the equinox.
ⅲ. Two points on the celestial sphere of the yellow pole are 9 degrees away from the ecliptic angle, and those close to the north celestial pole are called "North Yellow Pole". The angular distance between the ecliptic pole and the celestial pole is equal to the ecliptic angle.
the north yellow pole is in the center of the line between Draco and the two stars. Ⅳ. A belt of 8 degrees (16 degrees * * wide) on each side of the ecliptic on the celestial sphere.
the paths of the sun, the moon and the main planets are all in the zodiac. In order to show the position of the sun on the ecliptic.
divide the zodiac into twelve sections, which are called "the zodiac". From the vernal equinox, they are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Lion, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces.
In the past, the zodiac signs were consistent with the zodiac signs. As vernal equinox moved to the west, vernal equinox, who was in Aries two thousand years ago, has moved to Pisces, and his name is no longer consistent with the constellation.
ⅴ. Three walls include Ziwei Wall, Taiwei Wall and Tianshi Wall. Ziweiyuan includes the sky area near the north celestial pole, which is roughly equivalent to the arch star area; Taiweiyuan includes a part of the constellations such as Maiden, Houfa and Lion. Tianshiyuan includes a part of the constellations such as Snake Man, Wuxian, Giant Snake and Skyhawk.
ⅵ. Twenty-eight lodging points: seven lodging in the east, seven lodging in the west, seven lodging in the south and seven lodging in the north. Twenty-eight lodgings are also called twenty-eight stars or twenty-eight houses.
At first, the ancient people chose twenty-eight stars to compare the movements of the sun, the moon, gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and used them as markers for observation. The meaning of "lodge" is similar to the "palace" of the zodiac, indicating the position of the sun, the moon and the five stars.
In the Tang Dynasty, Twenty-eight Hostels became the main body of twenty-eight celestial regions, and these celestial regions were still named after Twenty-eight Hostels, which was different from Sanyuan's situation. As celestial regions, Twenty-eight Hostels were mainly used to divide the ownership of star officials. Twenty-eight lodges start from Kakuk and are arranged from west to east, in the same direction as the movement of the sun and the moon.
ⅶ, Dongfang Jiujiao, Kang, Di, Fang, Xin, Wei, Zi; Seven nights in the north: Dou, Niu (Petunia), Female (bearded female), Deficiency, Danger, Room (Camp Room), Wall (East Wall) VIII, West Seven Nights Kui, Lou, Stomach, Chang, Bi, Qian, Shen ⅸ, South Seven Nights Well (East ⅹ, Northern Seven Nights, Cow, Female, Deficiency, Danger, Room, Wall 11, Auxiliary Officials or Auxiliary Seats In addition, there are some star officials who are close to these stars and are closely related to them, such as tomb, detached palace, ear, felling, graupel, corpse accumulation, right jurisdiction, left jurisdiction, Changsha, shrine, etc., which are attached to the room and the shrine respectively.
There were 183 stars in the Twenty-eight Nights in the Tang Dynasty, including auxiliary officials or auxiliary stars. 12. The cosmic velocity refers to the initial velocity necessary for launching artificial celestial bodies from the ground to the universe.
13. The first cosmic speed People call the speed of 7.9 km/s the "first cosmic speed", which is also called the "circling speed". Below this speed, objects will return to the earth under the action of gravity. 14. Second Universe Speed If we increase the speed to 11.2 km/s, this artificial satellite can travel to interplanetary space in the solar system without being affected by the attraction of the earth.
People call the speed of 11.2km/s "the second cosmic speed". 15. third cosmic velocity If we want to make satellites fly out of the solar system and travel to other planets, we must increase the speed to 16.7km/s, which is called "third cosmic velocity". 16. Flat years and leap years Because the number of days in a tropical year is not an integer, the number of days in each year is different, some are 365 days and some are 366 days.
A year with 366 days is called a leap year, and a year with 365 days is called a flat year. February in a leap year is one day longer than that in a normal year, and all other months are the same.
Generally speaking, a year divisible by 4 is a leap year. If the year is an integer of 1, a year divisible by 4 is a leap year. 17. Leap Month The number of days in a year between the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar is different. There are about 365 days in the Gregorian calendar and 354 days in the lunar calendar.
In order to make the number of days in a year the same, one month is added in some years of the lunar calendar, and the added month is called "leap month". Because the Gregorian calendar year is only about 11 days longer than the lunar calendar year, it is impossible to add leap months every year. There are 7 leap months in about 19 years.
18. The year of the tropic of Capricorn is called the tropic of Capricorn. The tropical year is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds (365.4219 days). This is only superficial knowledge, and the deeper knowledge-the knowledge of understanding the nature of the universe and the universe-needs our constant exploration, study and excavation. 4. composition of astronomical knowledge
the universe of astronomical knowledge is mysterious, but human beings are exploring and excavating, so let's get to know his preliminary knowledge! I. The mass of some celestial bodies in a black hole is very huge, so the gravity is extremely strong, and nothing can escape from there, even light is no exception.
There is no light returning, so the eyes can't see the object, so it is called a "black hole". Ii. People on the ecliptic Earth look at the apparent path taken by the sun among the stars in one year, that is, the great circle of the ecliptic where the earth's orbital plane intersects the celestial sphere forms an angle of 23 degrees and 26 minutes with the celestial equator, and intersects at the vernal equinox and the equinox.
ⅲ. Two points on the celestial sphere of the yellow pole are 9 degrees away from the ecliptic angle, and those close to the north celestial pole are called "North Yellow Pole". The angular distance between the ecliptic pole and the celestial pole is equal to the ecliptic angle.
the north yellow pole is in the center of the line between Draco and the two stars. Ⅳ. A belt of 8 degrees (16 degrees * * wide) on each side of the ecliptic on the celestial sphere.
the paths of the sun, the moon and the main planets are all in the zodiac. In order to show the position of the sun on the ecliptic.
divide the zodiac into twelve sections, which are called "the zodiac". From the vernal equinox, the order is Aries.