According to myth, all the rivers in the world and the universe, even the water in the milky way in the sky, finally converge into this primitive and mysterious bottomless hole. The supernatural water in ghosts and animals, because it is the heart of the upper universe (heaven) and the middle universe (earth), does not increase at all. Guigui and Kunlun are located in the east and west of the Central Plains respectively. This sharp contrast is really amazing. Their symbolism is not fully understood today. In fact, at present, most of the explanations for them focus on the topography, but they are not discussed from the perspective of China's ancient primitive soul.
In Shan Hai Jing, it is mentioned that nobles are "the country of Shao Hao", while the gods in Shao Hao are complex and changeable, but they are mainly the bird kings of the Birdman Totem Tribe of the Yi people in the East. He has the composition of "Golden God", but mainly "Poseidon". Especially in fairy tales. The story of birth told by Jin people is very telling. According to legend, Huang E, the mother of God, met the "son of Bai Di" (Bai Di, the golden god) in the vast sea. They swam in the sea and forgot to come back. They lived a life beyond and into the world, and finally gave birth to Shao Hao. (See Jia Wenji Notes, vol. 1. )
The golden god is located in the west, while the Poseidon is located in the east. Here, the duality of Shao Hao's divinity is revealed. In mythical place names, this duality is also shown: the word "city" in Kunlun and ghost animals has opposite meanings. Shuowen Jiezi interprets the site as "Daqiuye", which is the original meaning of the site and coincides with the Kunlun site. However, the market also means "Otani" (see Kangxi Dictionary). These duality, even multiplicity, are the common features of China ancient myths from words to characters, from plots to roles.
Almost at the same time, Liezi Tang Wen in Jin Dynasty made a more detailed and fairy-tale report on ghost animals. According to this report, the noble is farther away from China, and it is beyond the horizon of "I don't know hundreds of millions of miles" to the east of the Bohai Sea with more exotic wings of dreams. In addition, the intersection of the sea and the mountains has become a new feature of returning to the market myth. On the bottomless sea in the distant East Pole, five "sacred mountains" rose to the sky: Daiyu, Jiao Yuan, Fanghu, Yingzhou and Penglai. These mountains, from Wan Li to Wan Li, are 70,000 miles apart, and each mountain has a flat roof of 9,000 miles. Try it. Is this a human view?
This is really a replica of Kunlun Mountain in OOCL-"When it comes to the stage to watch gold, its animals are clean." The trees of Pearl (Wang Gan) are full of flowers, all luxuries have flavor, and all foods are neither old nor dead. "This is a better hierarchical system and a freer paradise than the western-style paradise! Here, all the "residents" are "saints", who make all kinds of trips across the ocean every day and communicate freely between mountains.
There is also a dramatic story about their lives: before ancient times, these five fairy mountains were independent of each other, and each one had no foundation. They float on the Wang Yang and "often go up and down with the waves". This state is strikingly consistent with the situation of our earth in space. Does this mean that apart from the general meaning of mirage, primitive people also have a spiritual intuition that penetrates the appearance of human living environment?
According to Jin people's records, one day, the residents of Xianshan were tired of the vagaries of the big environment, and they collectively complained to the supreme god of the universe. "Emperor" (this title was seen as early as the Yin Dynasty) is afraid that the mountain stream in the eastern part of the universe will move to the "West Pole" and break the existing balance of the universe. So that the residents of Shenshan lost their homes, they sent Yu Qiang, the god of the North Sea with a "human face and a bird's body" (Yu Qiang's bird's body shows that his native place is in the East, which is consistent with the oriental elements of Shao Hao God) to drive fifteen giant aojiang into five groups and live on the mountain base with their heads, thus stabilizing the five Shenshan. They were ordered to rotate every 60,000 years. This situation is related to the myth that "the fish is negative to the ground" and "the fish is blinking", which can imply that "the mountain is sacred" is the original concept of the earth. Negative mountain is actually negative land. From this point of view, behind the fairy tale of ghost animal myth, there may be a legacy of creation myth older than Kunlun myth. However, due to the lack of existing materials, it is still difficult to verify. However, it can be considered that ancient myths used to be rich, such as earth myths, which far exceeded those that exist today.
But good things always grind people. In these five holy mountains, when the ancient residents settled down, they grew up in the "land of Luneberg" (according to the ancient book He Yu Tu Ban quoted by Zhang Hua's Natural History Aliens, "Luneberg people were thirty feet long and died at the age of eight thousand". Probably, this is an ancient elf family similar to the Titan in Greek mythology. ) Stupidly, they invaded and returned to the market. After a few steps, they crossed the edge of the sacred mountain, put down their hooks, and caught six sacred birds at once, so that "Daiyu" and "Jiao Yuan" lost their fetters and drifted to the North Pole and sank into the sea of Wang Yang. Hundreds of millions of ancient residents were forced to "migrate" (that is, exile) to other places. God is very angry. He drove Lombok to a dangerous place and greatly shortened the huge bodies of the giant gods. But it is said that by Fuxi and Shennong, the trunk of the giant god was still several feet high. (See Liezi Tang Wen). )
This coincides with the height of the giant in the "River Map Jade Edition" quoted by Zhang Hua. This dramatic myth is more like the "Star Wars" described in many science fiction novels than the shadow of ancient history. The "sinking" of Dai Yu and Jiao Yuan is very similar to the "planet destruction" in Star Wars. Those ancient residents who were good at flying and lived for a long time were similar to modern people's imagination of alien intelligent animals. In Greece, a legend of "Daxizhou" began to spread in BC: the inhabitants of Daxizhou created a highly developed prehistoric civilization, but because of their overconfidence, they lost their moral self-restraint and were eventually destroyed by God. Daxizhou also sank tragically.
Comparing the destruction myths of Daiyu and Jiao Yuan with those of Daxizhou, we can find that they are similar in four points:
(1) The roundness of the earth determines that China's "extreme east" Hui Gui is likely to be geographically the same as the Greek "extreme west" Daxizhou;
(2) Both places are islands surrounded by oceans;
(3) The two sacred mountains and Daxizhou eventually sank in the Wang Yang due to the power of God or the anti-God will;
(4) Both places had highly developed civilizations, which later disappeared. But they also have two differences:
First, the role of God is very different. In Greece, he is the factor that destroys civilization, while in China, it is just the opposite.
Second, the legend of Daxizhou is full of binary opposition, such as the conflict between humanism and religious spirit; However, the myth of returning to the market reveals the tendency to seek harmony in diversity. This is reflected in the existence of a number of original images (such as the fifteen giants Aos, the Yu Qiang of the human face bird, the dragon wave giant protoss and so on). ), and the ultimate trust in the salvation function implied by the supremacy of the universe.
Generally speaking, different national spirits are revealed in the similar shadows of ghost animal myths and Daxizhou legends.
The confluence of the sea and the mountain in the return to emptiness is a single rationality (non-geo-rationality) and one of the signs of the confluence of ancient oriental (the sea of return to emptiness) and western (the top of Kunlun) myths. Its existence coincides with Shao Hao's dual status of being in charge of the East and the West. The mystery here is thought-provoking. The intersection of the sea and the mountains is related to the fantastic fog on the coast of the Bohai Sea, which is the legendary "mirage". The impermanence and variation of natural phenomena inspired the imagination of myth and made it universal.
It can also be seen from the changes of the myth of returning to the market that the mystery of the myth largely comes from its vagueness and simplicity. Although the detailed description is intended to highlight the mysterious image, it often weakens its suggestibility. The reason is that simplicity and fuzziness give the receiver a lot of free association space. The power of myth, to a great extent, is the existing activation of human imagination, not just the "accumulation" of the imagination of the past and death.