Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha
Mawangdui Han Tomb is in the Provincial Museum. 1972 to 1974, excavated in Mawangdui near Liuyang River in the eastern suburb of the city. The female corpse unearthed from No.1 Han Tomb is more than 2 100 years ago. The corpse is complete, moist, flexible in joints and elastic in soft tissues, almost similar to a fresh corpse. It is not only different from mummies, but also different from corpse wax and peat tanning. It is a special kind of corpse, a miracle in antiseptic treatment, which shocked the world and attracted many scholars and tourists to visit. After the female corpse was dissected, the body and internal organs were displayed in a specially designed basement.
The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb is of great value to China's historical and scientific research, and its unearthed cultural relics are extremely precious. According to textual research, the silk book Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases unearthed from Tomb No.3 may be earlier than Huangdi Neijing (written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period), which records 52 diseases, mentions more than 100 diseases, and has more than 280 prescriptions and more than 240 drugs used. This is the earliest prescription that can be seen in China now. The discovery of Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases supplements the medical contents of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before Neijing, which is a very precious medical heritage.
More than 3,000 precious cultural relics have been unearthed from the three Han tombs in Mawangdui, most of which are well preserved. Among them, more than 500 pieces of various lacquerware are beautifully made, luxuriantly decorated and as bright as new. What is precious is a large number of silk fabrics in Tomb No.1, which are well protected. There are many varieties, such as silk, silk, silk, yarn, brocade and so on. There is a plain yarn Zen dress, as light as smoke and as thin as wings. Length 1.28 meters, long sleeves, weighing only 49 grams. Its knitting skill is superb, which is really ingenious. The unearthed silk paintings are the earliest existing large-scale works in China that describe the real life at that time. There are also colorful figurines, musical instruments, weapons, seals, silk books and other treasures.
The painted lacquer coffin in the No.1 Han Tomb is as bright as new, and the top paint is painted with flowing water and animal monsters, with complex shape, vivid posture and high artistic level. A large number of silk books with 654.38+ 10,000 words unearthed from Tomb No.3 are rare historical documents. Silk books involve ancient philosophy, history and science and technology. After sorting, * * * has 28 kinds of books,120,000 words. There are also several books, most of which are lost. The topographic map unearthed from the No.2 Han Tomb is similar to the modern map in drawing technology and marking position. It has been exhibited in the United States, Japan, Poland and other countries and is highly praised as an "amazing discovery".
Mawangdui Han Tomb Site is located in the eastern suburb of Changsha, four kilometers away from the city center. It was named Mawangdui because it is said to be the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu. Among the three Han tombs, the second tomb belongs to Hou Licang, the prime minister of Changsha in the early Han Dynasty, the first tomb is the wife of Li Cang, and the third tomb is the son of Li Cang. Among the three tombs, Tomb No.1 is the largest, with a length of19.5m from north to south, a width of17.8m from east to west and a depth of16m. Now the No.1 and No.2 tombs have been filled in, the No.3 tomb has been reinforced and preserved, and a large-span ceiling has been built for people to visit.
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