By the Han dynasty, the vacation system had begun to take shape, which was mainly divided into two categories, one was legal holiday and the other was seasonal holiday. According to China's system, all government officials can take a day off every five days, which is called "bathing", that is, taking a rest and taking a bath. Because at that time, the court asked officials at all levels to concentrate on office and accommodation. They are usually not allowed to go home without special orders. Only when they arrive on the "Xiumu" can they take a shower and change clothes, go home for reunion and visit relatives and friends. Hanshu? Biography of Huo Guang: "When the light is bright, don't be immersed, be brave and decide things on behalf of the light." Galand in Luoyang written by Yang Xuanzhi in the Northern Wei Dynasty? Baoguang Temple reads: "Chinese people in Beijing, as for the beautiful days of the United States and Japan, please take time off to invite friends to visit this temple." Beginners Volume 20: "Vacation is also called rest." Han Law:' Officials need to take a bath every five days.' Say rest and take a shower. It can be seen that the vacation system in China has a long history, and it was clearly stipulated as early as the Han Dynasty.
At the same time, officials of the Han Dynasty also enjoyed various holidays, such as the solstice in winter, the solstice in summer and the Spring Festival. In addition, in case of special events, officials can also take leave, which can be divided into two types: leave and leave. I was told that I could take a vacation with my job, but I couldn't go home. The notice was given because of illness. According to China's system, those who leave for three months are exempt from official duties, and those who are notified can extend their holidays without performing official duties. In case of funeral, according to the funeral system, the elderly are 3 years, with a minimum of 36 days.
In the Tang Dynasty, the vacation system was further improved, more humanized and concrete. According to the Tang system, officials at all levels can take a day off every ten days, which is called "patrolling the government". In addition, we also enjoy various holiday holidays, such as seven days off during the Spring Festival, 35 days off (equivalent to the current family leave, once every three years), nine days off for marriage, funeral (depending on the relationship with the deceased) and sick leave (the longest can not exceed 100 days). At the end of the Tang Dynasty, a retirement system was established. Any official over the age of 70 can retire and be called "Shi Zhi" with half salary.
Song Dynasty is the dynasty with the most holidays, with 68 legal holidays. "Wenchang Magazine" contains: "Officials are on vacation, with seven days each for New Year's Day, cold food and winter solstice; Shangyuan 3 rd, Summer Solstice, Central Plains; One day in beginning of spring, one day in Qingming, three days in January and sixty-eight days. " In addition, there was a family festival in the Song Dynasty. Every year 1 Feb. 20th to1Oct. 20th, officials at all levels close their offices and go home for the New Year. Therefore, the actual holiday enjoyed by the Song Dynasty should be 98 days.
Compared with Song Dynasty, the vacation system in Ming Dynasty obviously changed the number of vacation days. The official holidays are still three days a month, and the holidays such as New Year's Day, Lantern Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Winter Solstice are 18 days, while the annual holidays are only over 50 days, which is nearly half less than that of the Song Dynasty.
The vacation system in Qing dynasty basically followed the Ming dynasty, but by the end of Qing dynasty, the vacation system had undergone great changes. After the Opium War, influenced by the western holiday system, the statutory holiday was changed from 3 Tian Yue holidays to Sunday holidays, and this system has been inherited ever since.