Passing the Sanlu Temple
Dai Shulun of the Tang Dynasty
The flow of water from Yuan to Xiang is endless, so how deep is Qu Zi’s resentment.
As the sun sets and autumn smoke rises, the trees are fluttering with maples.
"Passing the Sanlu Temple" is a five-character quatrain written by Dai Shulun, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The poem expresses compassion and sympathy for Qu Yuan. The whole poem recalls the present and recalls the past, and is written closely around the word "resentment". The language is clear, the poetry is implicit, and it is meaningful and far-reaching. It has won praises from poetry critics of the past dynasties.
Words and Sentences
⑴ Sanlu (lǘ) Temple: Qu Yuan Temple, named after Qu Yuan once served as Sanlu doctor, located in today’s Miluo County, Hunan Province.
⑵沅(yuán) Xiang: refers to the Yuanjiang River and the Xiangjiang River. The Yuanjiang River and the Xiangjiang River are the two main rivers in Hunan.
⑶ How deep is Qu Zi’s resentment: Here, a metaphor is used, Qu Zi refers to Qu Yuan, and the sentence means that Qu Yuan’s resentment is like the deep water of the Yuan River and the Xiang River. He Shen: How deep.
⑷ Two sentences of "Sunset": Here we use verses from Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" and "Calling Souls": "The autumn wind is curling up, and the waves in the Dongting are under the wooden leaves", "The water on the Zhanzhan River is flowing There are maples, and the eyes are so far away that it hurts the heart of spring. The soul comes back to mourn the south of the Yangtze River! "Autumn Smoke": "Autumn Wind". Xiaoxiao: The sound of trees blown by the wind.
Vernacular translation
The Yuanjiang and Xiangjiang rivers flow endlessly, and Qu Yuan's grief and anger are as deep as water.
At dusk, the autumn wind suddenly rises from the river and blows into the maple forest, making my ears sing.
Creative background
Sanlv Temple is a temple dedicated to Qu Yuan, the Sanlu official of the Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the records of "Qing Yi Tong Zhi", the temple is located in Beiliu, Xiangyin County, Changsha Prefecture. Shili (today's Miluo County). After the poet passed this place, he thought about the people he saw, so he wrote this poem of condolence.
Literary Appreciation
Poetry is an art of imagery, and it is also the most suggestive and revelatory art. If it is clear but not subtle, then it will be like a shallow beach where you can see the bottom at a glance; if it is subtle but not clear, then it will be like a written book that is incomprehensible. Dai Shulun's "Crossing the Sanlv Temple" has the best of both worlds, with a clear and engaging scene.
Sima Qian said about Qu Yuan: "Qu Ping followed the right path, devoted his loyalty to his wisdom, served his king, and slandered the world. He was very poor. He was trustworthy but was doubted, and was loyal but was slandered. How can he have no resentment? ?" ("Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan") The poet expressed his feelings about Qu Yuan's life and events in clear and implicit verses around the word "resentment".
Yuan and Xiang are two rivers often chanted in Qu Yuan's poems. "Huaisha" said: "The vastness of Yuanxiang is diverted by the gurgling water. The road is hidden and hidden, and the road is far away." "The King of Xiang" also says: "Let the Yuanxiang River have no waves and make the river flow peacefully." "The poem begins with Yuan Xiang, which is both an immediate inspiration and a metaphor: Yuanshui Xiangjiang, the river flow is like Qu Zi's endless resentment for thousands of years. The poet's resentment is like the deep flowing water of Yuanxiang. The word "endless" in the first sentence expresses the lingering resentment, and the word "how deep" in the latter sentence expresses the depth of the resentment. Both sentences start from the word "resentment", the image is clear and inclusive, and the writing is intricate and melodious.
However, why and what is Qu Zi complaining about, and what about the poet's own feelings and attitudes? The poem does not tell the whole story, but only paints a specific image. The autumn wind blows on the river, and the maple trees sway down. After thousands of years, the scenery beside the Sanlu Temple remains the same as before. However, after Qu Zi sank into the river, there was nowhere to call his wronged soul back. "The autumn wind is rolling, and the waves in the Dongting are under the wooden leaves." "There are maples on the Zhanzhan River, and the eyes are thousands of miles away, which hurts the heart of spring. The soul is coming back to mourn for Jiangnan!" These are the words in Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" and "Calling the Soul" The famous line, the poet recalled the present and recalled the past, touched the scenery and made him feel emotional. He borrowed it and turned it into the conclusion of the poem: "At dusk, the autumn wind rises, and the maple trees flutter in the woods." The season is late autumn when "autumn wind blows", the time is "sunset", and the scenery is "maple forest". In addition, the use of the onomatopoeic word "xiaoxiao" makes it feel endless resentment and infinite sadness. This writing method is called "using scenes to express emotions" or "using scenes to cut emotions". The picture is clear and thought-provoking, the poetry is meaningful but not obscure, and the profound emotions are contained in the prescribed scenery description. We have pointed out "resentment" before, but if we still express it directly instead of combining clarity and implicitness, so as to convey the meaning in the air and let people understand it beyond words, it will be very boring. The conclusion of this poem has always been praised by poetry critics.
Qu Yuan was repeatedly framed and slandered by villains throughout his life, and was also suspected by the monarch. He was exiled and ultimately failed to escape and died in a foreign country. The words are the best summary of Qu Yuan’s life experience, and the essence is concentrated!