In the winter of 1506, the first year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty, a group of officials who opposed the eunuch Liu Jin and defended Dai Xian of Nanjing were pushed outside the Forbidden City and imposed imperial staff.
Among the officials who were collectively beaten, there was a 34-year-old official named Wang Shouren. Compared with other officials, he was very inconspicuous. He was just the head of the Military Selection Department of the Ministry of War. It is equivalent to a division-level cadre today. But this time the imperial staff has extraordinary significance to his personal destiny. After that, he made a shining debut on the stage of history. Not only did he create a school of thought, "Xinxue", but 13 years later, he led the troops to put down the "Chenhao Rebellion", saved the fate of the Ming Dynasty, and became China's A rare all-around great scholar in history.
But in the winter of 1506, Wang Yangming was experiencing the lowest moment in his life: after being brutally beaten by the court, he was sent to Longchang Station in Guizhou, and was reduced from a division-level cadre in the central department to a guest house in the town. Director, but the local area is extremely wild and wild, "among the thorns in the mountains in the northwest, there are snakes, monsters, poisonous poisons and miasma."
At this time, there was a man who was accompanying him and running for him, "Shouren was banished to Longchangyi, and Xia Zhouxuan was in trouble."
Among them, the person named "Xia" means Huaxia. He is a descendant of the Hua family in Dangkou, with the courtesy name Zhongfu. His interaction with Wang Yangming, according to historical records, should have stayed in his youth. "He studied with Yangming and was not admitted to the imperial family." He was not a formal disciple of the great Confucian scholar, but after the Tingzhang incident, he was probably influenced by He was implicated and offended the powerful traitors in the court, so he returned to his hometown and said, "I gave up my career and devoted my love to ancient pictures, history, and epigraphs."
This Turning around, the most influential private museum in the history of Jiangnan was built: Zhenshangzhai.
This name comes from the famous seal of Mi Fu in the Song Dynasty, "True Appreciation in Life", "Truth means both the heart and mind are enlightened, and appreciation means the integration of both gods and realms". It seems to be in harmony with his idol. Wang Yangming has the same mind. In the rich tradition, they are both lucky enough to find a lake where their souls can swim.
Due to his wealthy family, Hua Xia in his prime put most of his energy into collecting ancient books, calligraphy and paintings, tripods and Yi utensils. With his erudition and diligence, he has become a master in appreciation. , most of which are high-quality authentic works, were known as the "Jiangdong Giant Eye" at that time.
How powerful is Zhenshangzhai?
Let’s put it this way, every piece of collection here can be regarded as a national treasure today. Those that have been lost in the smoke of history are not counted. Just look at the ones that are still in the historical materials today. It’s enough to make people marvel:
Zhong Yao’s “Recommended Ji Zhi Biao” and Wang Xizhi’s “Yuan Sheng Tie” during the Three Kingdoms period can be called masterpieces;
Wang Wei’s paintings, Huang Tingjian's calligraphy, Song Dynasty Mi Fu's "Yunshan Long Scroll", Zhao Mengfu and Wang Xizhi's "Huang Ting", Yuan Dynasty great painter Yan Liben's "Cold Rock Snow", Ni Yunlin's original "Huishan Spring Picture";
There are more than 30 types of engravings in the Song and Song Dynasties, such as the early Southern Tang engravings of "Shi Tong" and "Yutai New Odes", which are unique;
The only 160-volume "Wang Linchuan Collection" has disappeared;
The Song Dynasty's "Dongguan Yulun" is rare in the world;
In addition, there are Ru kiln bottles, Guan kiln Yi, ancient jade from the Han Dynasty, and Eastern Han Dynasty seals...
< p> The Zhenshangzhai at that time was built in Shuanghejun, and was later renamed "Lujiadun", where two small rivers intersect, and the river is connected to Ehu Lake. Huaxia chose this place because, firstly, it has a good environment, and secondly, it is very close to E Lake, only a few dozen meters away, so it is very convenient for ships to travel there. In order to facilitate access, three gravel paths were specially laid from Zhenshangzhai to the river, so this place was later called "Dongsha Jing", and Huaxia simply called itself "Dongsha Jushi".Ehu Lake borders Suzhou and is the back garden of Wen Zhengming, Zhu Zhishan and others. Zhenshangzhai seemed to be a very important place for collecting antiques at that time. Literati and poets all had some treasures, and they often went to Zhenshangzhai to appreciate and communicate with each other. Wen Zhengming was a close friend of Hua Xia. He not only wrote an "Inscription on Zhen Shang Zhai", but also painted "Pictures of Zhen Shang Zhai" twice. Fortunately, both of these paintings have been preserved to this day and were collected by Preserved in Shanghai Museum and National Museum of China.
First edition ▼
Second edition ▼
Wen Zhengming painted the same theme twice, which contained countless deep friendships.
In fact, Wen Zhengming was already eighty years old when he completed the first work. Eight years later, at the age of eighty-eight, he painted the second version of "Zhen Shang Zhai Picture". In this picture, Wen Zhengming In order to express the image of a leisurely residence in his mind, he re-improved the layout of the Zhenshangzhai courtyard and the structure of the house. Even the ancient scrolls and bronze ritual vessels on the table are extremely exquisite, even better than the first edition.
Today, the ruins of Zhenshangzhai no longer exist. Only in two legendary paintings by Wen Zhengming can we get a glimpse of the style of Mingzhai. The thatched cottage is surrounded by lush trees, rockeries and thin bamboos surrounding the courtyard. There were two neatly dressed men in the hut. They sat across the desk from each other, their eyebrows clear and natural, and they seemed to be appreciating the paintings on the desk. On the tables next to the two of them, there were ancient scrolls and bronze ritual vessels such as tripods and Yi vessels. There was also a boy standing behind them with a respectful expression.
Looking closely at the two paintings, in the first version, the bamboo forest in the distance and the trees in front of the hut seem to be blowing by a gust of wind, with a hint of coldness hidden in the calmness; while in the second version, there is no In addition to the windy artistic conception, it is purely a quiet paradise. The sorrow of life and the wasted time have all turned into dullness.
The prosperity of Zhenshangzhai lasted for more than half a century. During this period, it experienced disturbances by Japanese pirates and was burned by fire. After the death of Huaxia, the cultural relics were lost and disappeared. It was not even recorded in local chronicles and historical records. In fact, What a pity.
Time flies.
In 2004, the three Hua brothers, descendants of the Dangkou Hua family, represented by Mr. Hua Zhonghou, a Thai Chinese, returned to their hometown to trace their roots and visit their ancestors. They inherited the filial piety of their ancestors and first generously donated money to build the Hua Filial Son Shrine. He also repaired and rebuilt the Ancestral Temple of the First Migration of the Fahrenheit family; and in 2008, he began to contact the Wuxi Municipal Museum to transfer a group of precious family cultural relics and precious collections that had been lost abroad for many years to the hometown museum for permanent preservation. As of April 2013, Wuxi Museum has received a total of 213 cultural relics donated by Fahrenheit three times.
Most of these family documents are from the old collection of Mr. Hua Yizhi, including ancient calligraphy and paintings, rubbings of inscriptions, rare ancient books and other cultural relics, as well as other family documents. For example, Song Hui Chong's Picture of Birds Gathering in Hua Stream (collected by Wang Shimin in the early Qing Dynasty for postscript), the Ming Dynasty Taishi Hua Cha's handwriting, and the ten letters written by Wen Zhengming and his son of the Wu family to the Hua family, including the extremely rare "Zhen Shang Zhai" "Tie" Huoqian version.
"Zhen Shang Zhai Tie" was completed in 1522 (the first year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty). In that year, Huaxia asked his close friends Wen Zhengming and Wen Peng to collect the Wei and Jin Dynasty Dharma stickers in their "Zhen Shang Zhai" The father and son made a copy of it, and they carved the name on the hand seal and then carved it on stone. "Zhen Shang Zhai Tie" is divided into three volumes. The first volume is Wei Zhongyao's "Jian Ji Zhi Biao", the middle volume is Wang Xizhi's "Yuan Sheng Tie", and the second volume is Tang Wang Fangqing's "Long Live Tong Tian Tie".
The inscription was destroyed by fire soon, and the reproduction was slightly inferior, so there are "pre-fire version" and "post-fire version". There are very few people before the fire, and they have always been valued by the world.
In October 2013, Wuxi Museum opened the "Hands as New as New - Hua Yi's Old Collection Cultural Relics Donation Exhibition", and a number of treasures including "Zhen Shang Zhai Tie" were open to the public.
Wen Zhengming said in "Zhen Shang Zhai Inscription": "Among the collectors in the south of the Yangtze River, are there not wealthy people? However, the real and fake are mixed together, and the fine and refuted are only used to exalt the cultural relics and please the vulgar. Eyes and ears." Sticking to one's "original intention" and finding one's own "true reward" in the turbulent world may be the spiritual legacy left by Hua Xia and his friends to future generations.