Historical origin 1. According to legend, as early as the time of Yu, the leader of the Xiahou clan in ancient times (about 21st century BC), the surname Guo had already received the surname Kaiji. People with the surname Guo got their surname from a very ancient origin. 2. Comes from after Guo Zhi and Guo Ai of Xia Dynasty. Ancient books record that "Yu rode two dragons, and Guo Zhi controlled him." "In ancient times, there was Marquis Guo, and Yu in the Xia Dynasty had his driver Guo Ai." Guo Zhi and Guo Ai are the earliest people with the surname Guo recorded in Chinese historical records. Therefore, in the history of our country, Guo Zhi and Guo Ai, people of the Xia Dynasty who established the capital in Yangcheng (now Dengfengdong, Henan) and other places, are considered by later generations to be the ancestors of people with the surname Guo. 3. Comes from after Guo Chong of Shang Dynasty. According to the "Trinity Classic", there was Guo Chong in Shang Dynasty. It can be seen that the Shang Dynasty also had the surname Guo after the Xia Dynasty. Therefore, Guo Chong of the Shang Dynasty is also considered to be another ancestor of people with the surname Guo. 4. Derived from the surname Ji, the descendants of Guo State in the Zhou Dynasty are the largest and most important branch of the surname Guo today. They take Guo as their surname, which is derived from the surname Ji, and is mostly related to Henan and Shanxi. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou Jifa granted Uncle Guo, the younger brother of King Wen Jichang, to Dongguo. Dongguo was located northeast of Xingyang City, Henan Province today. By the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou royal family was in decline, Shen Hou colluded with the Dog Rong to cause rebellion, King You of Zhou was killed in Lishan, and the Zhou royal family was forced to move eastward. At that time, Duke Wu of Zheng and Marquis Wen of Jin assisted King Ping of Zhou in moving east to Luoyang. They made great contributions and won the respect of King Ping. At the same time, they moved the Zheng State from Shaanxi to Guo (i.e. Dongguo) and Hao in Henan. In order to establish the Zheng State, Zheng Wugong destroyed the Xi State in the second year of King Ping of Zhou (769 BC), and annexed Dongguo in the fourth year of King Ping (767 BC). From then on, the state of Zheng became increasingly powerful, causing dissatisfaction among the various vassal states. The State of Chu took the opportunity to raise troops to question King Zhou Ping, and led Lu Hun's division (located in the northeast of Song County, Henan Province) to approach Luoyang. King Ping of Zhou was so frightened that he sealed Guo Xu, the grandson of Uncle Guo, in Yangqu (located in the north of today's Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) and named him "Gong Guo". Because Guo and Guo have the same pronunciation, "Guo Gong" is also called "Guo Gong", so his descendants became the surname Guo. 5. People with the fiefdom as their surname. According to historical records, the ancestor of the surname Guo had the fiefdom "Guo" as his surname. And because Guo and Guo had the same pronunciation, the two surnames Guo and Guo were interchangeable. 6. To live in the Ming clan. In ancient China, some people who lived in cities, Guo, gardens and ponds took "Cheng", "Guo", "Yuan" and "Chi" as their surnames respectively. Among them, people living in Guo (i.e. outer city, the ancient word "Guo" means outer city) took their place of residence as their surname, forming the surname Guo. Migration and Distribution The original birthplace of the Guo people was today's Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places. During the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Henan were still the main places where people with the surname Guo thrived. The "Taiyuan" prefecture was formed during this period, and became the main source of the later reproduction and migration of the people with the surname Guo. It gradually spread in Yangqu, Feng Yi, Huayang, Jingzhao (near today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), Zhongshan (now part of Hebei Province), Pengcheng (now Suxuzhou, Jiang Province), Guantao (now part of Hebei Province), Quwo (now part of Shanxi Province), Prominent families formed in Hanoi, Guangping, Handan, Hedong Wenxi, Dunhuang and other places; during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the large number of people migrating south to avoid the disaster of war, people with the Guo surname began to live in scattered places in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places, especially those who migrated south. There were many people with the surname Guo in Taiyuan; during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Guo was the most common surname in Shanxi and Shandong. During this period, in addition to the wars that caused the Guo surname to settle in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places, a prominent family in Fenyang (today's Jingle area of ??Shanxi Province) was formed with Guo Ziyi of Huayin as the ancestor. Song, a descendant of the Guo surname in Fenyang, entered Fujian and became the ancestor of the Guo surname in Fujian. From the Five Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, as the Jin soldiers entered the Central Plains and the Mongolian army went south, they forced the people with the surname Guo to move south again. As a result, people with the surname Guo spread all over the country. From north to south; in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a branch of the Guo family from Fujian moved to Taiwan, and later scattered in Changhua, Chiayi, Kaohsiung and other counties, and later developed into one of the top ten surnames in Taiwan; some people also moved to Europe, America and Southeast Asia. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people with the surname Guo spread throughout the country. Today, the most common people with the Guo surname are Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan and other provinces. The Guo surname in the above five provinces accounts for about 46% of the country's Han population with the Guo surname. The surname Guo is the 18th most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 1.1% of the country's Han population. Historical celebrity Guo Wei: A minister of the Yan State during the Warring States Period, he made suggestions for King Yan Zhao to recruit talents and contributed to the rise of the Yan State. Guo Ji: A native of Fufeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the captain of Yuyang at first. During the reign of Wang Mang, he served as the prefect of Shanggu and became the official of Taizhong. Guo Xiang: A native of Luoyang, Henan, a famous metaphysician in the Western Jin Dynasty. Guo Pu: A native of Wenxi, Hedong (now Wenxi, Shanxi Province), he was a writer and exegesis expert in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and he was erudite and talented. His representative work is "Poems on Immortals" and he is the author of "Jiang Fu" and other works.
He also annotated "Erya", "Biography of Emperor Mu", "Shan Hai Jing", "Chu Ci" and other classics, which were highly praised by later commentators. Guo Wei: A native of Yaoshan, Xingzhou (now Longyao, Hebei Province), the founder of the Later Zhou Dynasty during the Five Dynasties period. A series of reforms during his reign laid a good foundation for the establishment of the Zhao and Song Dynasties. Guo Xiang: Scholar and master of metaphysics in the Western Jin Dynasty. His "Notes on Zhuangzi" had a great influence on later generations. Guo Jia: Wei Cao Cao's counselor during the Three Kingdoms period. He was resourceful and good at fighting, and he made many achievements. He was especially famous for the battle of Guandu. Guo Mian: A native of Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province today, he was a musician, qinist and founder of the Zhejiang School in the Southern Song Dynasty. Composed "Xiaoxiang Water Clouds", "Pan Cang Lang", "Fei Ming Yin" and other songs. Guo Biao: A native of Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, a well-known overseas figure in modern history and a leader of overseas Chinese in Australia. Guo Ziyi, a native of Zheng County, Huazhou (now Hua County, Shaanxi Province), was a military strategist in the Tang Dynasty. He made outstanding contributions in quelling the Anshi Rebellion and safeguarding national unity. Guo Zhongshu: a native of Luoyang (now part of Henan Province), a famous painter and philologist in the Song Dynasty. He is the author of three volumes of "Peijie" and "Han Slips". Guo Ruoxu: A native of Taiyuan (now part of Shanxi Province) in the Song Dynasty, he is a famous calligraphy and painting critic. His "Pictures and Knowledge" embodies his ideas and opinions on painting. Guo Shoujing: A native of Xingtai, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei Province), he was a famous writer, hydraulic scientist, astronomer and mathematician in the Yuan Dynasty. He presided over the compilation of the "Time Calendar", which has been in effect for 360 years, making it the longest calendar in the history of our country. Guo Zixing: A native of Dingyuan (now part of Anhui Province) in the Yuan Dynasty, he was the leader of the Jianghuai region in the uprising army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. He was later posthumously named King of Chuyang by Zhu Yuanzhang. Guo Liangsheng: a native of Changning (now part of Hunan Province) in the Qing Dynasty. He studied Qihuang's medical skills since he was a child, and he has superb medical skills. He wrote the book "Douma Heart Sutra". Guo Songtao: A native of Xiangyin, Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty, he was China's first ambassador to Britain. He served as governor of Guangdong and minister of the Ministry of War. Guo Moruo: A native of Leshan, Sichuan Province, he is an outstanding writer, poet, historian and archaeologist in modern history. He is the author of many works such as "Goddess" and "Research on Ancient Chinese Society". Guo Yonghuai: A native of Rongcheng, Shandong Province, a famous aerodynamicist and the founder of my country's missiles and nuclear weapons. Guo Huaruo: also known as Guo Junying, an older generation proletarian revolutionary and a famous military scientist. He was the former vice-president of the Academy of Military Sciences and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955. He is a general who is a poet, scholar and calligrapher. He is recognized at home and abroad as an authority on Mao Zedong's military thought. Guo Huaruo's original educational level was very low. He only went to school for five years. He relied entirely on self-study to enter the Whampoa Military Academy and completed middle school mathematics, physics and chemistry. He has been studying Sun Tzu's Art of War and other ancient military books since 1938. After liberation, he compiled a large number of papers into a volume and became an expert in the study of military dialectics in our army. Guo Xiaochuan: A native of Fengning, Hebei Province, a modern poet. He once served as secretary-general of the Chinese Writers Association and special correspondent of the People's Daily. Robert Kuok: Native of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, born in Johor Bahru, Malaysian Chinese entrepreneur, known as the "Asian Sugar King". He was once selected as one of the top ten richest people in Asia.