Tang and Song Dynasties:
Li Bai (a great poet in Tang Dynasty), a violet layman.
Bai Juyi, a Buddhist in Xiangshan (a great poet in Tang Dynasty)
Si Kongtu (a poet in Tang Dynasty) is an insulting layman.
Floating Ming, vulgar (respected by Liang Shanhui in the Northern and Southern Dynasties)
Li Yu, a laity in Lotus Peak
Chen Nian, a Buddhist in Longqiu (a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty)
Endless lay man-Zhang Shangying (Northern Song Dynasty star)
Gu Xi laity-Li Zhiyi (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Huang Tingjian, a layman in the valley (a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty)
Intermediate laity-Wang Anshi (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Fan Zhongyan, a layman —— Fan Zhongyan (political commentator in Northern Song Dynasty)
Xie Chuan laity Su Guo (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Cuiwei Jushi-Xue (calligrapher of Northern Song Dynasty)
A Buddhist-Xia Zheng (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Lumen laity-Mi Fei (calligrapher of Northern Song Dynasty)
Ye Wei, a Buddhist in Caotang (a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty)
Ouyang Xiu, laity June 1st (Northern Song Dynasty)
Dongpo layman-Su Shi (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Huaihai lay man-Qin Guan (poet of Northern Song Dynasty)
Chen Shidao, an official and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. )
Zhou Bangyan, a Muslim laity (a famous poet in Northern Song Dynasty)
Yao Zeng (late Northern Song Dynasty and early Southern Song Dynasty)
Jia Xuan lay man-Xin Qiji (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Tao Hongjing, a layman in Huayang (Southern Song Dynasty thinker, physician, alchemist and Taoist)
Zhao, a layman (Southern Song Dynasty painter)
The laity in Jian Zhai —— Chen, a poet in Southern Song Dynasty
Luchuan laity-Zhang (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Ye Mengde, a Buddhist in Shilin (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Houcun Jushi Liu Kezhuang (Southern Song Dynasty writer)
Wang Yinglin (a scholar in Southern Song Dynasty) is a deep and peaceful layman.
Li Qingzhao, Yi Anju (poetess of Southern Song Dynasty)
Chashan layman-Once upon a time (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Luchuan laity-Zhang (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Layman Gardener —— Ji Gonggong (Southern Song Dynasty writer)
Shihu lay man-Fan Chengda (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
You Mao (poet of Southern Song Dynasty) was a layman at first.
Zhang Xiaoxiang, a layman in Yuhu Lake (poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Zhu, a recluse poet (female poet of Southern Song Dynasty)
Wang Yinglin (a scholar in Southern Song Dynasty) is a deep and peaceful layman.
Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties:
Liu Ying, a layman (Jin Wenren)
Ni Zan, a Buddhist in Yunlin (painter of Yuan Dynasty)
Zhan Ran lay man-Lu Ye Chucai (Yuan statesman and poet)
Lu (calligrapher of Yuan Dynasty) was a layman in Huanhu.
A simple and honest layman-Jue Yuan (a famous writer in Yuan Dynasty)
Hengshan Jushi Wen Zhiming (painter and writer in Ming Dynasty)
Sage —— Painter Ding of Ming Dynasty
Meicun Jushi —— Wu Ye Wei (poet of Ming Dynasty)
Xu Wei, an Ivy League layman (a writer and artist in the late Ming Dynasty)
A lay man-Yuan Hongdao (writer of Ming Dynasty)
Li Panlong, a layman in Cang Ming Dynasty (a writer in Ming Dynasty)
Xiangguang laity-Dong Qichang (calligrapher of Ming Dynasty)
Six Monks-Tang Yin (painter and writer in Ming Dynasty)
Wang, a Buddhist who guards rocks (Ming essayist)
Li Zhi was a layman in Wenling (a writer in Ming Dynasty).
Lianxi lay man-Xuelun Road (Ming Sanqu)
Treat the layman cautiously-Li (Ming Dynasty writer and painter)
Zhang Dai, a Buddhist in Diean (writer in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty)
Meixi laity-Qian Yong (writer of Ming and Qing Dynasties)
Liu Quan lay man-Pu Songling (writer in Qing Dynasty)
Shinoka Jushi Zhenlin (a writer in Qing Dynasty)
Hong (a writer and scholar in Qing Dynasty)
Famous Mountain and Vulgar —— Zhao Ziyong (writer in Qing Dynasty)
Song Wan lay man-Qian Zai (poet and painter in Qing Dynasty)
Banqiao laity-Zheng Banqiao (painter and writer in Qing Dynasty)
Cao Xueqin, a Buddhist in the Western Qin Dynasty (a writer in the Qing Dynasty)
Yuan Mei, a layman in the Garden (writer of Qing Dynasty)
Taiyan layman-Zhang
Yong Zhengdi, a vulgar person, a layman.
Shinoka Jushi Zhenlin (a writer in Qing Dynasty)
Tian Ping layman-Zhang Zhao (calligrapher of Qing Dynasty)
Hong (a writer and scholar in Qing Dynasty)
The layman among reeds guards the people (painter in Qing Dynasty)
Qiao Shan's layman and Guan Bai's layman-Zhang Ying (painter in Qing Dynasty)
Wu Xizai (seal engraver in Qing Dynasty)
Weng Tonghe, a peaceful Buddhist (a scholar of Xianfeng for six years, an influential politician in modern history)
Yang, a Buddhist in the late Qing Dynasty, was a Buddhist in Renshan.
Zhang Zhidong (one of the representatives of Westernization School in Qing Dynasty)
Modern:
Taiyan Jushi-Zhang (Master of Chinese Studies)
Qu Yuan's layman-Yu Yue (master of Chinese studies)
Huang Kan (Master of Chinese Studies)
Long Yusheng (one of the four great poets in the Republic of China) was a cold-resistant layman.
Lin Ruiming (Founding President of Hong Kong Poetry Society)
A laity in North Yuan Dynasty —— Qi Gong (a famous contemporary painter and educator in China)
9 1 year-old laity Wang Jiahong (a contemporary cutting-edge poet)
Three Bamboo Laymen-Chen Ren (Master of Chinese Studies)
Pengshan laity-Bao Deshuai (cultural scholar)
A group of laymen-Zhong, a famous contemporary traveler and scholar
Peng Tangyuan, a layman in the two lakes (first-class painter of Wenhua Pavilion Painting and Calligraphy Institute of the Ministry of Culture)
Taoyuanjushi-Liu Qisheng (Vice Chairman of China Calligraphers Association)
Maolin lay man-Wu Yuru (a famous contemporary calligraphy master)
Han Tingju-Jiang Hanting (contemporary flower and bird painter and artist)
Xu, a Buddhist in Yan Song (a famous master of modern and contemporary Chinese painting)
Mang Huang (a famous contemporary poet and poetry activist)
Layman refers to the old monk's general name for people who believe in Buddhism at home; Also refers to the hermit who lived in seclusion or was not an official in ancient times; At the same time, this term is still a self-proclaimed scholar, such as Li Bai calling himself a violet layman, Su Shi calling himself a Dongpo layman, Yuan (namely Chen Zhongyuan) calling himself a medicine fool layman, and so on.
It first appeared in the Book of Rites Jade Algae: "The ribbon of the lay man." Zheng Xuan's Note: "The laity also knows Chu Shi." Taoism also has the title of "lay man". After Buddhism was introduced, it was translated into Buddhist scriptures to describe people who practice at home.
Buddhist laymen are Sanskrit gr! Ha-pati, a Chinese translation of Pali gaha-pati, was often confused with the so-called elders in ancient India, and was introduced to China in the Western Han Dynasty after Buddhism. Those who practice Buddhism at home are also called laymen. For example, Indian bodhisattvas such as Vimalakīrti and others often practice Buddhism and Taoism, while China bodhisattvas such as Master Fu of Liang Dynasty, Liu of Northern Wei Dynasty and Li of Tang Dynasty can understand Buddhism and Taoism. In Taoism, laymen can also be used to refer to men who practice at home as laymen, and some people call women who practice at home as laymen.
Sanskrit gr Ha-pati, Pali gaha-pati. Transliteration of Jia and Jia. Elders, heads of households, parents. Refers to the Vedic/elegant characters in India's four major surnames, or people with beautiful families. In classics and laws, people in the Vedas are usually called laymen, such as the Middle Ahan Sutra (Volume I), Chang 'agama Sutra (Volume XXII), Dapin Prajna Sutra (Volume I) and Guang Guang Prajna Sutra (Volume I). And "Great Wisdom" volume 98, etc. Call a man who lives in a proper way a laity.
In China, the word "lay man" originated from the jade algae in the Book of Rites. In Han Feizi's book, it also refers to laymen such as Ren Ti and Shihua, all of whom are skilled in art and do not seek official positions. Since then, both China and Japan have not followed the original intention of Confucian classics, but generally called those who have the means "laity".