Question 1: Qu Yuan’s final poem Nine Songs (11) Soul of Ceremony
When rituals are completed, the drums are played, and when the rites are completed, the dance is performed.
Women advocate beauty and beauty.
Spring orchids and autumn flowers will last forever.
Question 2: Which poem did Qu Yuan write before he died? How to pronounce it? Original text
I cherish my past trust (Note 1), and I received the order (Note 2) to show the time. Relying on the merits of the past (Note 3) to illuminate the situation below and clarify the suspicion of the law (Note 4). The country is rich and strong and the law is established, and the country belongs to Zhenchen (Note 5). Secret (Note 6) Things are done in the heart, even if the mistakes are made, there is no way to fix them. A person with a pure heart (Note 7) will not let it out, but he will be jealous of others when he is slandered. The king treats his ministers with anger, but it is not clear (Note 8) whether this is the case. To conceal your intelligence, you will be deceived by mistakes (Note 9) and deceived. It is not necessary to consult the test (Note 10) to test the reality, and the ministers who have moved far away do not think about it. Belief, slander and flattery are muddy, and you can pass them by with great ambition (Note 11). He Zhenchen is so innocent that he is especially seen after being slandered (Note 12). Ashamed (Note 13) of the sincerity of the situation, the body is secluded and prepared (Note 14). Lin Yuanxiang's profound abyss (Note 15) is coming, so I endure it and sink. He died without a body and lost his reputation. It is a pity that Junjun (Note 16) is not known. If you don't have enough time to observe, you will make the fragrant grass become a quiet place (Note 17). I can relax my feelings and draw letters (Note 18), and I can die without chatting in peace (Note 19). The single obstacle is blocked (Note 20) and the disadvantages are hidden, making the loyal ministers have no reason (Note 21). I heard that Baili (Note 22) was a prisoner, and Yi Yin (Note 23) was cooking in the kitchen. Lu Wang (Note 24) butchered the Chao song, while Ning Qi (Note 25) sang and ate cattle. Bu Feng Tang (Note 26) Wu and Huan Miaoxi, the world knows it. Wu (Note 27) believed in slander but did not appreciate it, and Zixu (Note 28) died and was worried. Jiezi (Note 29) was loyal but stood withered, while Wenjun (Note 30) was loyal and pursued. Feng Jieshan was banned (Note 31), and he was rewarded by the great virtue (Note 32) for traveling freely. I have been thinking about my dear friend for a long time, and I cry because of my insolence (Note 33). Either he is loyal and honest, or he is arrogant and unquestioning. Don't examine carefully and act on the facts (Note 35), and listen to slanderous words. Fang and Ze (Note 36) are mixed together, which one is different from Shendan (Note 37)? How early is the fragrant grass (Note 38), with a slight frost falling. Forgiveness is unclear and obscures the situation, so that flattery can lead to success. Since the past life, I have been jealous of talents, saying that Hui Ruo (Note 39) is not admirable. I am jealous of the fragrance of Jiaye (Note 40), and my mother (Note 41) is beautiful and happy. Although she has the beauty of Xi Shi (Note 42), she is replaced by slander and jealousy. I hope that my love will be in vain (Note 43), and I will not offend anyone. The day when love and injustice meet (Note 44) is bright, just like the misplacement of stars (Note 45). Riding on a horse and galloping, there is no bridle and title, but it is self-contained; riding a pan (Note 46) down the river, there is no boat, but it is self-prepared. It is no different from memorizing the Dharma and being careful with your mind. Ning Ping (Note 47) died and went into exile (Note 48), fearing that disaster would happen again. I went to the abyss without saying goodbye, but I regretted that you didn't know about it.
Definition
(Note 1) Zeng Xin: Once trusted. (Note 2) Mingzhao: imperial edict. Zhaoshi: Make the world clear and clear. (Note 3) Ancestors: ancestral heritage. (Note 4) Suspicion: refers to a place where there is doubt about the law. (Note 5) Zhenchen: A loyal minister, Qu Yuan refers to himself. (xī): game. Have fun. (Note 6) Secret: With the sound of "黾Mian", work hard. (Note 7) Chun (dūn máng): honest and honest. (Note 8) Clarity: refers to clarifying the truth. (Note 9) False confusion: To say that nothing is something is called falsehood, and to say that a hypothesis becomes true is called confusion. (Note 10) Reference verification: reference verification. (Note 11) Shengqizhi: furious. Pass: supervise and blame. (Note 12) Lislander: Slandered. Especially: blame. (Note 13) Shame: sadness. Scenery: that is, light. Integrity: truthfulness. (Note 14) Be prepared: equipped. (Note 15) Xuan Yuan: Abyss. (Note 16) Yijun: The king who was deceived. (Note 17) Seryou: the deep and secluded place in Daze. (Note 18) Letter: a statement of loyalty. (Note 19) Tian: An. Don't chat: Live a life without a scruple. (Note 20) Zhanghe: synonymous with "hidden".飣壣壷与狠hin , refers to numerous obstacles. (Note 21) Wuyou: There is no way to reach oneself.
(Note 22) Baili: Baili Xi, a senior official of the Yu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was later captured by the Jin State, and Duke Xian of Jin gave him to the Qin State as a slave to marry his daughter. Later, he fled to Chu State. When Duke Mu of Qin heard about his virtuousness, he redeemed him with five sheepskins and granted him the title of "Doctor Wul". (Note 23) Yi Yin: It turned out to be a dowry slave of the You Xin family and once worked as a cook. Later, he served as the prime minister of Shang Tang and assisted Tang in attacking Xia Jie. ......gt;gt;
Question 3: The final poems of Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Cao Cao 1. Li Bai (701～762)
Li Hua's "The Ancient Hanlin" "The Epitaph of Li Jun, a Bachelor" says: "(Li Bai) died with his final song."
"Death Song"
The big roc flies to the east and vibrates the eight descendants, but the sky is unable to destroy it.
The lingering wind is stirring for eternity, and I am hanging on my left sleeve when I swim in Fusang.
Later generations will pass on this, who will weep when Zhongni dies?
Swallowing the universe, the great roc spreads its wings and sings the "Death Song" that resounds throughout the space from the nine heavens. Destroy. This cuckoo roc, which "water hits three thousand miles, and soars up ninety thousand miles" ("Zhuangzi? Xiaoyaoyou"), is the realization of the poet's soul and the materialization of his ideals. There are many chapters in Tang poetry where pengs are used as metaphors for people. For example, Quan Deyu's "A small bird snatches an elm tree, and a big roc stirs up three thousand people" ("Rewarding Mu Qi Shilang for his early visit to the west building of the embassy"). The roc stirs up three thousand water and rises into the sky to symbolize Mu Qi's lofty ambitions. , indicating that Mu Qi is not a mediocre person like learning doves; Guan Xiu "Don't you see the great roc spreading its wings over the ten continents, what kind of thing is it chirping?" (Part 3 of "Five Occasionally Written Poems"), with the roc Soaring in the blue sky, singing to others about his great ambition and talent, showing that he is by no means an idle person like scolding parrots. But they are just clever metaphors devised by poets, picked up at random and done by chance. Li Bai used his giant pen like Optimus Prime, soaked in a lifetime of lofty sentiments, worked bleakly for decades, and worked hard to create a series of poems. The tall image of Dapeng makes people excited and breathtaking. When we open "The Complete Works of Li Taibai", the first thing that catches our eyes is the eloquent and heroic "Ode to Dapeng". When this gigantic bird flaps its wings and takes off, the sky is filled with smoke and sand, the sky becomes dark, the earth becomes dark, the five mountains tremble, and hundreds of rivers collapse. When it raises its head and exhales, clouds billow in all directions; when it moults and sheds its feathers, the earth is flying thousands of miles apart. "Giving gold back to the mountain", after being expelled from Chang'an, Li Bai's poem to Beihai Prefect Li Yong once again proudly boasted of the Dapeng who "wanted to go up to the blue sky to embrace the bright moon" ("Song of Accompanying Yu Shuhua on Climbing the Tower"), making The image of Dapeng in his works is more "full-featured".
"The roc rises with the wind in one day and soars up to ninety thousand miles. If the wind stops and comes down, it can still win over the Cangming River" ("Li Yong"). "There will be times when strong winds and waves break, and sails will be hung directly across the sea" ("The Road is Difficult"). The ambitious and ambitious poet believes that he will eventually ride on the strong winds and break thousands of miles of waves, sail across the sea, and reach the glorious ideal shore. Dapeng despises the likes of Huang Que and Xuanfeng who "extremely praise their golden clothes and chrysanthemums" and "show off their colorful qualities and brocade medals" (see "Ode to Dapeng"). This extraordinary temperament is exactly the same. He despises wealth and rank, "gold and white jade buy you laughter, and when you are drunk, you light up the princes" ("Reminiscent of the Old Travels and Send Qiao County Yuan to Join the Army"), "An Neng bows down to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy" ( "Dream Wandering Tianmu's Song of Farewell"); he was arrogant and untamed towards the emperor, generals and ministers, "The emperor couldn't get on the ship when he called, claiming that I was an immortal in wine" (Du Fu's "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking"), "Playing with thousands of people is like a colleague, and treating the courtiers like Cao Jie" (Su Shi's "Li Taibai's Stele Yin Ji"). Li Bai's ideal of "helping the common people" ("Yin of the Liang Yuan") as a big roc was frustrated again and again. During the Anshi Rebellion, he also had the negative and reclusive thought of "I hang my wings to the north", but he still had patriotic enthusiasm and wanted to help Yongli. Wang Li Li suppressed the rebellion and made meritorious service to the country. He "swore to kill the whales and clarify the water in Luoyang" (Part 2 of "Gift to Zhang Xianghao"). In the end, he exiled Yelang for the crime of "following Li and rebellious". . This is Dapeng's bumpy experience and the poet's difficult journey.
In "The Death Song", the poet integrates the Peng and me into one body, making the Dapeng "color me" (Wang Guowei's "Human Words"). It not only summarizes his life, but also completes the final chapter with his vivid pen. /p>
The image of Dapeng created by vitality can make people "imagine its potential and resemble its shape" ("Ode to Dapeng"). Although the Dapeng folds its wings in the sky, the fierce remaining wind will still stir up the generations. Its huge personality power and persistent dedication will forever affect, shock and inspire future generations. The people of Lu hunted the benevolent beast Qilin, and Confucius was injured and shed tears. Now, who would weep bitterly for the broken roc in the middle of the sky? He thought he could "make a big splash and soar into the sky" (Fan Chuanzheng) The poet "Li Gongxin's Tombstone" issued a stern indictment to the feudal society that unreasonably buries talents, unreasonably suppresses talents, and ruthlessly destroys talents with a tearful cry. Dapeng, who has been flying for sixty-two years, turns out to be so lonely. It seems that only his close friend Du Fu "cryed with the same voice" (Pu Qilong's "Reading Du Xinjie"), "The capital is covered with crowns, but this man is haggard. The clouds and nets are huge, and the old body is tired. Long live the name. Lonely things after death" (Du Fu's "Dream of Li Bai's Two Poems").
2. Du Fu (712～770)
Daizong Dali...gt;gt;
Question 4: What did He Shen leave before his death? What is the last poem of a corrupt official and a gentleman?"
"The night is as bright as water, and I feel sleepy and unable to stretch out. Hundreds of years have been a dream, and thirty years of hard work have been in vain. The room is dark and difficult to plan, and the walls are high There is no spring. The stars are surrounded by the cold moon. I am so tired and lonely. One of the last poems written in the poem, the two lines in the poem "Looking at the scenery misses the past, and cherishing talents misses this body" can be called a stroke of genius. The ancients said: "When a person is about to die, his words are also good." Guan Heshen's last poem is not only "good", but his understanding is also true. Unfortunately, it is too late to wake up.
He | Before hanging, He also wrote a final poem, which goes: "For ten years, the dream has come true, and now I have to let go of the red dust. When the water is shining, the sun is shining, and I think the cigarette is my body."
The meaning of this poem is unclear. The prophetic poem puzzled future generations. What does "water overflowing with dragons" mean? Researchers are baffled as to what "cigarette" refers to. Historian Meng Sen believes that "cigarette" may refer to Cixi, and "water containing dragons" implies that Cixi is a sign of disaster for the Qing Dynasty. Cixi is the "posterior" of He|, which is a bit of speculation and nonsense. And perhaps only He | knows what this poem means.
DD reprinted in "Books and Periodicals"
Question 5: A poem, please translate and appreciate it! (Okay, bonus points!) First of all, the questioner should know that this is a poem that appears in Yue J's novel, which is given to Xiao Yin to ward off evil spirits. So what can be seen is that this is a love poem. Combined with his identity as a god who warded off evil spirits, we can see that his love poems were also bold and heroic, integrating personal feelings into the personnel changes since the beginning of Pangu. The oath of destruction is cleverly metaphorized as the passage of thousands of years. It also transforms the inner entanglement and struggle into the vicissitudes of time, covering mountains and turning into coasts... It is rare for a work about the long love between a son and a daughter to be so majestic and soul-stirring. Always stay away from each other, and the concepts of forever in the eyes of Jixie and Xiao Yin are completely different. However, after crossing the barrier of time, the oath of eternal alliance is engraved on the basalt stone. Dreams arise and dreams break, let it change.
Question 6: Who among Qu Yuan, Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Lu Xun has the highest status in history? Qu Yuan is the most respected. The two peaks of Li and Du stand side by side, Su Shi is a versatile man, and Lu Xun is a literary master of his generation. Comparing literati from different eras, it is like Guan Gong fighting Qin Qiong. Who can speak Li Bai's quatrains is better than Su Shi's bold words. People in different eras are good at different literary styles: Chu Ci - Tang poetry - Song poetry - novels and prose.
Question 7: What is the meaning of the state-owned mourning on the vast mountains above the vast sky? Yu Youren’s last poem was about the division of the country, and he could not die in his hometown or be buried in his hometown.
Yu Youren is a patriarch of the Communist Party of China, a literati, a poet, an educator and a calligrapher.
National mourning
Bury me on a high mountain, looking at me on the mainland.
The mainland is invisible, only crying!
Bury me on a high mountain, looking at my hometown.
My hometown is invisible and can never be forgotten.
The sky is blue, the fields are vast, and on the mountains, the country is in mourning.
The word "National Sorrow" originated from Qu Yuan: One of Qu Yuan's nine songs, called "National Sorrow", praises the soldiers who died fighting for the country. A song was sung at the martyrs' ceremony, so it can be understood that a state funeral ceremony is being held for the martyrs:
The sky is green, the fields are vast, and on the high mountains, a state funeral is being held (for the martyrs who fought for the country)!
This martyr is, of course, Yu Youren himself. Yu Youren was loyal to Dr. Sun Yat-sen's thoughts and to the Republic of China, and fought for it all his life. However, he still watched helplessly as the Republic of China was almost destroyed, the country was shattered, he could not return to his home, and he could not be buried in his ancestral graves after death, and he was heartbroken. When he was dying, he missed his hometown and asked people to bury him on a high mountain so that he could see his hometown in the distance after his death. Therefore, the following text has "Above the mountains, the country is in mourning."
Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs? National Sorrow"
When Wu Ge was attacked by a rhinoceros, his chariot's hub was misaligned and he was caught in close combat.
The enemy is like clouds when the sun is blocked, and the soldiers are fighting for the lead.
Lingyu formation is still walking, and the left side is wounded by the right blade.
Two wheels of haze are coming, and four horses are riding on them, aiding the jade ① skeleton drum.
The sky is falling and the powerful spirits are angry, killing them all and abandoning the wilderness.
You can't go in and out, you can't go back, and the plains suddenly turn out to be too long.
Carrying a long sword and holding a Qin bow, his head and body are separated and his heart is not punished.
Sincerity is both brave and martial, and ultimately strong and indomitable.
When the body is dead, the spirit is the spirit, and the soul is the ghost!
The last sentence, "The son's soul is like a ghost hero" was quoted by Li Qingzhao, a female poet in the Song Dynasty, to praise Xiang Yu and praise the hero:
Live as a hero, die as a ghost hero, I still think about it. Xiang Yu refused to cross Jiangdong.
Yu Youren (1879.04.11-1964.11.10), Han nationality, was born in Sanyuan, Shaanxi Province. His ancestral home was Yucun, Doukou, Jingyang. He was a modern Chinese politician, educator, and calligrapher. His original name was Bo Xun, with the Chinese character "Ling Ke". Later, he took the name "Liao Xin" which is a homophony of "Your Ren". He was also signed "Sao Xin" and "Beard Weng", and in his later years he called himself "Tai Ping Old Man". Yu Youren was a member of the Tongmenghui in his early years. He served as a senior official in the Kuomintang for many years. He was also a modern Chinese calligrapher. He was the founder of Fudan University, Shanghai University, and National Northwest Agriculture and Forestry College (now Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University). University, director of private Nantong University, etc.