Organizational system evolution
The south has a long history, and it was cultivated as early as the Neolithic Age. Liangzhou in ancient times, Pakistan in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and Ba County in the later Qin Dynasty. Counties were established in the early Western Han Dynasty (205 BC). In the eighth year of Yuanjia in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 433), it was changed to Nanguo County. In the second year of Tian Jian, Liang Wudi (AD 503), it was named nanbu county because it was located in the south of Ba County (Langzhong). After many twists and turns, it finally reached Hongwu, Ming Taizu, 1380.
geographical position
Nanbu county, Sichuan Province is located in the northeast of Sichuan Basin and the middle reaches of Jialing River. The land span is 3 1 04 '-3 1 40' north latitude and 0/0527'-10624' east longitude. The county borders Yilong County and Peng 'an County in the east, Yanting County and Zitong County in the west, Shunqing District and Xichong County in the south, Jiange County and Langzhong County in the north. Its terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and the remaining veins of Daba Mountain and Jianmen Mountain are distributed in the east and west. The landform is mostly low mountains and hills, with an altitude of 298-826 meters. Jialing River, the main river, runs through the territory from due north to southeast, with a flow length of 78 kilometers; Its tributary Xihe River flows from northwest to southeast, with a total length of 202 kilometers.
Regional area
The county covers an area of 2235 square kilometers, 89.7 kilometers from east to west and 59.5 kilometers from north to south. Among them, the county's area is 10 square kilometer, and the cultivated land is 60 1 18 hectares, including paddy field 19523 hectares and dry land of 40595 hectares.
administrative division
For a long time, people used to divide nanbu county into upper six districts and lower six districts. The upper six districts are Zhong Sheng, Da Qiao, Khufu, Jianxing, Dingshui and Gold, while the lower six districts are Nanlong, Hedong, Panlong, Nanmu, Wang Jia and Dongba. Nanlong Town is the seat of the county people's government and the political, economic and cultural center of the county. It has jurisdiction over six offices in Xicheng, Dongcheng, Cheng Nan, Beicheng, Zaoer and Jinxing, and 16 neighborhood committees. There are 84 townships (offices), 65,438+10,000 villages and 8,000 cooperatives in the county.
Demographic situation
There were human activities in the south as early as the Neolithic age; However, due to frequent wars in the old days, there was no population statistics in the early chronicles, which have been recorded since the Ming Dynasty. In the twenty-second year of Jiajing (1543), the population of the county was 15448, and the territory was almost barren in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. During the reign of Kangxi (1662- 1722) and the Republic of China, the population increased year by year. By the thirty-eighth year of the Republic of China (1949), the population of the county was 7535 19. In 2005, the population of the county was 6.5438+0.253 million, including 6.5438+0.669 million agricultural population and 6.5438+0.844 million non-agricultural population, including 657,700 males and 593,600 females, with a male-female ratio of 654.38+0.10.655.
Climate investigation
The south belongs to the humid monsoon climate zone in the middle subtropical zone. Because the Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountain form a natural barrier, the cold air in the north is not easy to enter the country, so there is no severe cold in winter, the climate is mild, the monsoon is obvious and the rainfall is abundant. Although there is less sunshine, there are four distinct seasons. The general characteristics are: early spring, unstable recovery, less rain, frequent spring drought; Summer is hot, and the rain is concentrated and unevenly distributed, often alternating with drought and waterlogging, and drought is greater than waterlogging; Autumn is short, the temperature drops rapidly and the rain is obvious; Winter is dry, with little rain and warm climate. The starting and ending time of the four seasons in the county is roughly: March 1 to May 20th, 8 1, May 2nd1to September15 * * 18 days, and autumn September 16 to June/kloc. Due to the different geographical location and topography, the starting and ending times of the four seasons are also different. The northwest and southeast of the territory are far apart, and the seasons generally differ by 10- 15 days.
water resource
Nanbu county is rich in water resources. There are the largest artificial lakes and Zhong Sheng Reservoir in Southwest China, with a storage capacity of 6543.8+339 million cubic meters. The southern river belongs to Jialing River system. Jialing River flows into Laoya Town, nanbu county through Cangxi and Langzhong to receive Qushui; Zhongjing Huofeng Township, Nanlong Town, Naqingshui River and Zhuangyuan River pass through Naanxi in Hedong Town, Naluxi in Luxichang, Nadahui River and Xiaohuixi in Chai Jing Township, cross Baoxi Temple and enter Yilong County New Town to Huanshan Township, and enter Peng 'an County after passing Naxi in Wang Jiazhen. The domestic flow is 78 kilometers long, the drop is 33 meters, the average flow is 774 cubic meters per second, and the theoretical hydraulic reserve is 256,334.7 kilowatts. The county's installed hydropower capacity is 27,800 kilowatts. As of 1996, 27 hydropower stations have been installed in the main stream and its tributaries of Jialing River, with a total installed capacity of 19260 kW. There is great potential for hydropower development in the south. 1997, Hongyanzi Power Station was built at Hongyanzi Gudukou, Jialing River, the county seat, with an installed capacity of 90,000 kilowatts. Xihe, a tributary of Jialing River, was called Xishui in ancient times. One source of Xihe River comes from the southern foot of Wuzhishan in Jiange County, one source comes from huang tang Ya in Jiangyou County, and the other source joins Dengjiaba in Jiangyou and flows into the south via Jiange. The southern part is 202km long and flows through Xihe, Taixia, iron whip, Baocheng, Shuangfeng and Shui Sheng. A river dam was built at Beiya Temple in Shui Sheng Town, which is the largest reservoir in southwest China-Zhong Sheng Reservoir. Together with the streams along the way, the Xihe River flows through almost all the towns in the south, and its Zhong Sheng Reservoir and Panlong Power Station benefit the people in the south who have little hydropower. It can be said that Xihe River is the mother river of the southern people. The south is rich in groundwater resources, and the groundwater reserves in the county are calculated by runoff modulus method to be 62.6606 million cubic meters. There are more than ten thousand wells in nanbu county City, and the water output of each well is generally 1 0-60 cubic meters/day and night. The water quality is soft water-slightly hard water, and the water temperature is 10-27 degrees Celsius. Colorless, odorless and tasteless, it is suitable for industry, agriculture and people and animals to drink. There is a well in the second group of Nianya Village, Laoya Town, a famous spring with large water yield and good water quality. The well depth is 18m, and the water yield is 1.200 m3/ day and night. Nanmenqiao Dajing in the county is rich in water, which is inexhaustible all year round. It used to be the main drinking well for urban residents, but it is still protected by a monument today.
Product resources
South China is rich in natural products, with rice, wheat, corn and sweet potato as the main food crops, rape as the main oil crops and cotton as the main cash crops. Before liberation, due to the exploitation and oppression of the reactionary rulers, coupled with the fact that the south is located in the hills, the land is thin, the production conditions are poor, the farming is extensive and the output is extremely low. At that time, the average annual output of main crops was about 0/50kg of rice/kloc, over 70kg of wheat, less than 0/00kg of corn, 50-75kg of sweet potato (50% off), 60kg of rape and only 5.5kg of cotton. After liberation, the Party and the government formulated a series of principles and policies for developing agriculture, built water conservancy projects and popularized improved varieties, which made agricultural production advance by leaps and bounds and greatly increased the output per unit area. At present, the yield per mu of rice is 549 kg, that of wheat is 2 16 kg, that of corn is 262 kg, that of sweet potato is 182 kg (50% off), that of rape is 100 kg, and that of cotton is 75 kg. 1983, nanbu county ended the history of eating and selling grain. 1990 was listed as a national high-quality cotton base county, and 1996 was listed as a commodity grain base county in Sichuan province. Southern aquaculture has a long history and plays an important role in rural economy. Pigs are the main livestock raised by farmers and the bulk of household sideline income. Before liberation, the development of livestock and poultry was slow, the varieties were aging, and the number of live pigs was only more than 50 thousand per year. After liberation, the state supported farmers to develop aquaculture. 1987 South China was listed as a lean pig production base county by the state, 1996 slaughter 1 10,000 heads or more. South China is rich in fruits, such as peaches, plums, oranges, pomelos, etc., with diverse varieties and pure taste. In particular, the "crisp sweet pomelo" planted in Mawang Township was rated as a national excellent fruit, which is very famous both inside and outside the province. The climate and soil in nanbu county are suitable for developing sericulture production. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, our ancestors planted mulberry and sericulture. 195 The output of cocoon was as high as 5 million kilograms, and the south was listed as the base county for developing sericulture production in Sichuan Province.
Traffic advantage
Nanbu county is located in the northeast of Sichuan Basin and the middle reaches of Jialing River, with an area of 2,235 square kilometers and a population of 1.25 million. It has jurisdiction over 84 townships (offices) and 1000 villages. The highway mileage of the county is 605 1 km, of which the traffic mileage is 1460 km and the grade highway is 705 km. River transport 1 16 km. The traffic rate of villages and towns in the county reaches 100%. The county is connected to Yilong and Peng 'an in the east, Shunqing and Xichong in the south, Yanting and Zitong in the west, Jiange and Langzhong in the north. National highway 2 12 and provincial highway become the southern line. The south canal line * * * 178.05km passes through its territory, with 207.14km county road, 600km township road and more than 2,300km village road extending to thousands of households, and the17 exit road is connected with surrounding counties and cities. Rivers and streams crisscross. Jialing River runs through the county seat 106 km, reaching Guangyuan, the gateway of northern Sichuan, in the north and Chongqing, an important town in the southwest. Xihe River flows into Jialing River around the county town for 2 13 kilometers. The south has always been regarded as the "northern road, where the east and the west meet" in Sichuan, and it is the transportation hub and material distribution center in northern Sichuan.
city construction
After 50 years of development after the founding of the People's Republic of China, nanbu county's urban construction has formed a certain scale. Rising in the southern county town near Jialing River, like a glittering pearl, it flashes in the land of northern Sichuan. Nanlong Ancient Town, with a history of nearly two thousand years, has been the political, economic and cultural center of the county since ancient times. It is surrounded by mountains and waters and has beautiful scenery. Huofeng Mountain in the east and Fort Mountain in the north, like two loyal sentries, have been guarding this growing city for many years. Jialing River, which surrounds the city from north to east, is like a kind mother, embracing the southern city with many tall buildings and spacious streets with her long arms. In the beautiful natural environment, as the political, economic and cultural center of the county, the county has a distinct and unique modern charm. In terms of urban transformation, since 1992, the county has invested 750 million yuan, built eight urban trunk roads with an area of more than 9,000 meters, and built or rebuilt more than 20 general streets with an area of more than 20,000 meters. Seven residential quarters have been developed and renovated, 242,000 square meters of old houses have been demolished, 980,000 square meters of commercial housing have been developed, and supporting facilities such as greening and beautification have been built on a large scale. The urban framework has begun to take shape and the urban functions have been improved day by day. Today, the number of urban streets has grown to 83, the urban population has increased to 65,438+million, and the urban area has reached 10.5 square kilometers. In the city, there are rows of tall buildings, wide and straight streets, tree-lined roadside and brightly lit at night. The skeleton of Xinxian city, which is composed of the 50-meter-wide and 4-kilometer-long Shubei Avenue, Zhenxing Street, Jinhua Street and the 40-meter-wide Second Ring Road, fully shows the heroic atmosphere of the southern county. Dashadian, represented by Jindu, Lingjiang, Yinfeng, Blue Sky, Baiyun and Tianyiyuan, provides all-round star service, which sets off and displays the modern urban landscape of the southern county. The spacious New Century Square provides another sky for the citizens in downtown areas. At the same time, in the past two years, the county has also focused on creating a civilized and hygienic city, earnestly strengthened urban management, and successively built Nanchong's first provincial-level sanitary county and municipal-level civilized county.