1. Verses about Suzhou Diaohua Lou
Verses about Suzhou Diaohua Lou 1. Introduction to Diaohua Lou
Diaohua Lou is made of wood carvings and brick carvings. Its characteristic architectural buildings. There are only two ancient carved buildings in Jiangsu, one in Dongshan Town, Suzhou, and one in Gaogang District, Taizhou City. Gaogang Diaohua Building is located on Xiangyang Branch Road, Gaogang District, facing east and west. It consists of two two-story main buildings with five rooms at the front and three side buildings on the left and right. It is a square building. The Diaohua Building in Wuxian County, Suzhou is a cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province. It is a folk residence with a southern style. Its wood carving, brick carving, stone carving, architectural conception and gardening art reflect the wisdom and talents of Xiangshan craftsmen in Wuxian County, and its artistic value is high.
2. Urgently looking for the carving art of Suzhou Diaohualou
Dongshan Diaohualou, one of the three major carved buildings in Suzhou, is close to Shi Pan, the first number one scholar in Suzhou Prefecture since the Ming Dynasty. His former residence is the "Zhuangyuan Mansion".
It was built by a wealthy businessman named Jin at that time in 1922. It took 3 years to build, employed more than 260,000 workers, cost 150,000 silver dollars, covering an area of ??2 acres, and a construction area of ??2,242 square meters. Diaohua Building is a courtyard-style residence that combines Chinese and Western elements, with Chinese elements as the main focus.
The tourists have not yet entered, but they see a tall, steep black castle hidden among the fruit trees. The surrounding wind and fire wall is 20 meters high, covering everything inside the wall, making people feel its majesty. , mysterious, deep. The entire building has two entrances, two patios and a garden.
Upstairs, downstairs, hall, study, guest room, bedroom, balcony, secret room, corridor... the overall layout is ingenious, reasonable and orderly. The ancients said: "A house cannot be built without carvings, and carvings are the most precious thing."
The Diaohua Building integrates brick carvings, wood carvings, gold carvings, stone carvings, sculptures, paintings, murals and plaques. It is a typical work of the Xiangshan Gang in the 1920s and can be called a museum of oriental architecture. , which has both the traditional architectural characteristics of the Chinese nation and the contemporary characteristics of Western architecture. It is rich in connotation and wonderful, which makes the viewer amazed. When people enter the Diaohua Building, it is like entering the mythical Qiong Palace.
Among the various sculptures, the lifelike pictures contain 157 stories. Among them, the brick-carved gatehouse has the highest artistic value, the largest number of wood carvings, and the most densely carved area is the front hall.
The upper horizontal frame of the gate tower is carved with a picture of "Eight Immortals Celebrating Their Birthdays", which is based on "Journey to the East". The relief sculpture "Ten Scenes of Deer" on the central pillar contains 10 deer in 10 postures, either lying, standing, jumping, running, lying down, leaping, raising their heads, looking down, holding their breath, or looking back, which is full of emotions. Softness conveys a leisurely and pleasant charm.
Deer is a homophony of "green" and "happy". It embodies the common people's persistent pursuit and bold yearning for a better life, and reflects the social psychology of "a good official is good at being an official" and "living and working in peace and contentment". The lower fang is carved with the words "Guo Ziyi is rich and has longevity." This happy scene of descendants is a symbol of male longevity.
The composition of the entire sculpture is appropriately dense, the characters are vivid, and the human touch is very strong, giving the viewer a sense of "home and everything is prosperous." The entire brick-carved gatehouse has a majestic and elegant shape, a tight and smart structure, a wide range of coordinated themes, and fine and elegant carvings. It can be called a masterpiece in the art of brick-carved gatehouses in my country, and is currently a representative work of brick-carved gatehouses in Suzhou gardens.
The entire carved building is a masterpiece of Jiangnan folk artists, which can be seen from this. The north of the three major carved buildings in Suzhou is Zhangjia Lane. No. 9, Zhangjia Lane, North Street, was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Suzhou in 1982. Shen House faces south and has a total construction area of ??4100 square meters, divided into three roads: middle, west and east.
The main building is in the middle, with foyer, sedan hall, hall and two entrance halls, and the third one is five entrances. The first three steps are in the general traditional form of Suzhou, with three bays in a round shape, and a structure that combines the beam-lifting style and the bucket-through style.
The last two entrance halls are in contrast to the north and south, with the same area. The left and right wings are connected by wing towers to form the Zouma Tower. The width of both floors is 12.2 meters and the depth is 8.9 meters.
There are inner corridors connecting the upper and lower floors, with overhanging inner corridors on each floor. The central stone patio is slightly square.
There are many carvings on the facade of the building. The carvings focus on the overhanging eaves in front of the building. The square beam heads are protruding on the floor, with carved patterns on both sides and carved panels on the front, giving the head a full-carving effect. The diagonal support legs of the eaves are extra large in size and adopt hollow vertical carving technology. From a structural point of view, the original structural function of the legs has been lost, and they are purely decorative.
The cornice boards and other parts of the floor are also full of carvings. The carvings include landscapes, pavilions, birds, animals, flowers, ancient patterns, etc. Each carving has a different pattern, content, and shape. It is concentrated on the eaves. The carving process is quite meticulous and has the style of Dongyang wood carving in Zhejiang.
Based on the architectural and carving characteristics of this building, it should be constructed in the late Qing Dynasty. There is a flower hall and a building hall on the East Road of the Residence. Judging from the structural form, it is slightly earlier than the Diaohua Building and has the architectural style of the early Qing Dynasty. Many building facades have been changed.
Although the Diaohua Building retains its old appearance, the sculptures are seriously damaged. Shantang Carved Building, one of the three major carved buildings in Suzhou, can be called a veritable museum of sculpture art.
In terms of carving materials, there are three categories: brick carvings, stone carvings, and wood carvings. Among them, the brick carving gatehouse behind the foyer was built in the Ming Dynasty. There are stories such as "The British fought against Lu Bu", "Liu Bei recruited relatives in Ganlu Temple", and "Three visits to the thatched cottage". The stone railings in the courtyard and the stone drums and piers under the beams and pillars are at least two to three hundred years old.
The patterns of wood carvings are even more diverse, including the twelve zodiac animals, the Eight Beautiful Pictures, the Eight Immortals, flowers of the four seasons, fortune, happiness, longevity, and so on. From the perspective of carving techniques, there are four major techniques: overall carving, relief carving, hollow carving and printed carving.
For example, on the floor-to-ceiling window of the third flower hall, four ancient beauties, Xi Shi, Diao Chan, Yang Yuhuan, and Wang Zhaojun, and four ancient beauties, Hua Mulan, Fan Lihua, Mu Guiying, and Liang Hongyu, are carved in relief. She is a heroine with four literary skills and exquisite carvings. Each picture can remind people of an allusion or a legend, which is thought-provoking. The plum blossoms on the sika deer in "Ten Scenes of Deer" on the brick-carved gatehouse, and the orchids and bamboos and calligraphy by Zheng Banqiao on the screen are all carved with the technique of seal carving, giving them a charm that penetrates the back of the paper.
Many carving components often require the use of two or even three techniques. For example, the floor-standing covers on both sides of the flower hall are carved with pine, bamboo and plum trees from a whole piece of ginkgo wood, and then hollow carving techniques are used to highlight the shapes of the flowers and trees, making them three-dimensional. The feeling is very strong. Another feature of Shantang Diaohualou’s sculptures is that they have profound cultural connotations.
The east corridor downstairs of the fourth main hall (Zou Ma Lou) is carved with the complete version of "The Butterfly Lovers", the west corridor is carved with the complete version of "The Romance of the West Chamber"; the upstairs cloister is carved with the complete version of "The Romance of the West Chamber" "The Legend of White Snake" drama. According to rough statistics, there are more than 450 carved panels in the entire building, forming more than 1,200 patterns, none of which are repeated.
The entire Kun Opera "The Peony Pavilion" is carved on both sides of the ancient stage, and the entire Kun Opera "Palace of Eternal Life" is carved below the stage, just like two simple thread-bound books, showing to visitors Each wonderful Kun Opera scene is created, waiting for you to appreciate it carefully.
3. Poems describing Suzhou gardens
"When you go to Suzhou, everyone is sleeping on the river. There is little idle land in the Forbidden City, and there are many water lanes and small bridges." - Poet of the Tang Dynasty Du Xunhe
Standing in a secluded mountain, you are actually in the middle of a city. ("Canglang Pavilion" by Su Shunqin of the Song Dynasty)
I live in a city, but I am in the mountains. (Yuan Weize's "Scenery of the Lion Forest")
It is a pity that there are no carriages and horses in the land, but I believe there are mountains and forests in the city. (Ming Dynasty Wen Zhengming's "Pictures of the Humble Administrator's Garden·Ruoshu Hall")
I don't know that there are mountains and forests in the city, so Xie Gong's hills and valleys should be worthy of him. (Xu Song of the Qing Dynasty "Visiting Zhou Xueke in Autumn at Huaiyunting Pavilion to Send Posts and Tasha". Huaiyunting is now the northern half of Suzhou Garden)
Separated from the noise of the city in the west of the city, the secluded residence is like a savage's home. (Wang Wan of the Qing Dynasty, "Another Title on Jiang's Art Garden")
Whoever said today is different from the past only knew that there were mountains and forests in the city. (Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, "Lion Forest Sentences")
Where can I find the trace of the layman? There are actually mountains and forests in the city.
(Wang Gengyan of the Qing Dynasty, "Wandering in the Lion Forest")
The gulls are playing in groups, but they are not touched or frightened; (Jiang Tang's "Beichi Ode", Beichi was a Suzhou official garden in the Tang and Song Dynasties)
Lazy Yunxian, sleeping high in the depths of Penglai... Lin Quan loves me, I love Lin Quan. (Wu Xiyi's "Happiness in Front of the Palace·Lazy Cloud Nest", Lazy Cloud Nest was a Suzhou residence in the Yuan Dynasty)
The clear breeze and bright moon are priceless; there is love for people near water and far mountains. (Couplet of the Canglang Pavilion
The green pines and green bamboos are truly good guests; the bright moon and clear breeze are old friends. (Couplet of the Snow Hall in the Forest of Lions)
The mountains and rivers are waiting for you; the flowers and willows are even more selfless. (Humble Government) Who is sitting with me in the garden?)
Looking for poems in leisure time should be full of flavor; proud fish and birds come to meet each other (old couplets in the embroidery pavilion in the Humble Administrator's Garden)
Walking on the water and pillows. The fish come out to listen; the petrified butterfly turns into stone when leaning against the stream (Huqiu Huayu Pavilion couplet)
The gardens in the south of the Yangtze River are the best in the world, and the gardens in Suzhou are the best in the river
The pagoda goes out from the forest and faces the mountains. Hidden in the Temple (Tiger Hill)
There is little free space in the ancient palace, but there are many water lanes and small bridges
The boss loves southern food, so he comes to Suzhou city
Suzhou is good. The chicken heads of Feng Shui breed are shiny and moist with ten dendrobium beads each. They are soft and fragrant and full of milk. The small peeled small courtyard is quiet
The east-west and south-north bridges face each other, and the three hundred painted bridges reflect the river city
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The Three Hundred and Seventy Bridge in Spring City, with red towers and wicker sticks on both sides of the bank
The green waves of the east, west, and south waters, the Three Hundred and Ninety Bridge with red railings
Reading Suzhou poems at night, with open mind All the ice and snow.
The floating clouds are floating in the sky.
In front of the south window of Qiulan, the fragrance lingers in my heart. It is even more serene at the end of the year.
The sky is filled with falling crows and frost, the rivers and maples are sleeping with fishing fires, and the midnight bell rings at the Hanshan Temple outside the city of Suzhou.
4. Four aspects of Suzhou gardens. Poems engraved on the large garden
When you go to Gusu,
everyone is leaning on the river
There is little free space in the Forbidden City.
There are many small bridges in the water lanes (Tang Dynasty. Du Xunhe)
I live in the city, but I am in the mountains. (Yuan Weize's "Scenery of the Lion Forest")
Extremely pitiful. There are no cars and horses in the human environment, but there are mountains and forests in the city (Ming Dynasty Wen Zhengming's "The Humble Administrator's Garden": Ruoshu Hall)
The east, west, south and north bridges face each other, and the three hundred painted bridges reflect the city.
The Three Hundred and Seventy Bridge in Spring City, with red towers and wicker sticks on both sides of the bank
The green waves flow from east to west, north and south, and the Three Hundred and Ninety Bridge with red rails
I didn’t know there were mountains and forests in the city , Xiegong Qiuhe should have no regrets (Qing Dynasty Xu Song's "Autumn Passage Huaiyunting Visiting Zhou Xueke Tiaosha Xingxing". Huaiyunting is now the northern half of Suzhou Garden)
Separate the city west of the city. , The secluded dwelling is definitely like a savage home (Qing Dynasty, Wang Wan's "Ziangshi Art Garden")
Who said that today is not the same as before, you know that there are mountains and forests in the city (Qianlong, Qing Dynasty, "Lion Forest"). 》)
Where can I find the layman’s trace, but there are mountains and forests in the city (Wang Gengyan of the Qing Dynasty, "Wandering in the Lion Forest")
5. Poems about Suzhou
1. "Hengtang" (Song Dynasty) by Fan Chengda
When spring comes in Nanpu, the river is green, and the stone bridge and the red pagoda are still there.
Every year, visitors are seen off on Hengtang Road, and the drizzle is drizzle.
2. "Mooring at Maple Bridge at Night" (Tang Dynasty) Zhang Ji
The moon is setting and the sky is full of crows and frost, and the rivers, maples and fishing fires are facing melancholy.
At Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the midnight bell rang for the passenger ship.
3. "Inscription on the Zen Temple Behind Poshan Temple" (Tang Dynasty) Chang Jian
Entering the ancient temple early in the morning, the first sun shines on the high forest. The bamboo path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is surrounded by flowers and trees.
The light of the mountains pleases the birds, and the shadows of the ponds empty the hearts of the people. Everything is silent, except for the sound of bells and chimes.
4. "Remembering Feng Xiucai in Wuzhong" (Tang Dynasty) Du Mu
The grass outside Cheung Chau Garden is growing green, but it is a long journey.
The only thing I won’t forget now is the mist of dusk and the rain of autumn crossing the maple bridge.
5. "A Leisure Walk on the Third Day of the First Month" (Tang Dynasty) Bai Juyi
The oriole at the mouth of Oriole Lane wants to talk, and the black magpie at the head of the river wants to sell ice.
Green waves flow from east to west, water flows from north to south, and there are three hundred and ninety bridges with red railings.
Mandarin ducks flutter their wings, and there are thousands of willows. I would like to ask whether the spring breeze will come sooner or later, only from the day before yesterday to today.
6. "The Song of Wu Qi" (Tang Dynasty) Li Bai
When Wu Qi was sitting on the stage in Gusu, Xi Shi was drunk in the palace of King Wu. The dance of Wu and Chu has not yet finished, and the green mountains are about to hold half of the sun.
The golden pot with silver arrows leaks a lot, and I can see the autumn moon falling into the river waves. The east is getting higher and higher, what a joy!
7. "Inscribed on the Zen Temple Behind Poshan Temple" (Tang Dynasty) Chang Jian
Entering the ancient temple early in the morning, the first sun shines on the high forest. The bamboo path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is surrounded by flowers and trees.
The light of the mountain is pleasing to the birds, and the shadow of the pond is empty of the human heart. Everything is silent, except for the sound of bells and chimes.
8. "Recalling Jiangnan" (Tang Dynasty) Bai Juyi
Recalling Jiangnan, and secondly recalling Wugong. A cup of Wu wine with spring bamboo leaves,
Wu and his wife dance together and get drunk with hibiscus, and they will meet again sooner or later.
Extended information
Suzhou, known as Wu in ancient times, or Su for short, is also known as Gusu, Pingjiang, etc. It is a national historical and cultural city and scenic tourist city, a national high-tech industrial base, and the Yangtze River. It is one of the important central cities in the Delta City Group, the central city of the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor, and an important part of the Jiangsu Yangtze River Economic Belt. It has the reputation of "Paradise on Earth".
Suzhou is located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province, in the middle of the Yangtze River Delta, bordering Shanghai to the east, Jiaxing to the south, Taihu Lake to the west, and the Yangtze River to the north. Suzhou has a subtropical monsoon maritime climate with four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. It grows rice, wheat, and rapeseed, and produces cotton, sericulture, and fruits. Its specialty products include Biluochun tea, Yangtze saury, Taihu whitebait, and Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs.
Suzhou has always been famous for its beautiful landscapes and elegant gardens. It is known as "the gardens in the south of the Yangtze River are the best in the world, and the gardens in Suzhou are the best in the south of the Yangtze River". It also has the characteristics of an ancient water town with small bridges and flowing water, and is known as the "Oriental Water Town". "Du".
The ancient city of Suzhou ranks third in terms of density of historical monuments, covering an area of ??14.2 square kilometers. The ancient city of Suzhou and Suzhou Gardens are the "double heritage" of the World Cultural Heritage and the World Intangible Cultural Heritage. Kun Opera, Yangcheng Lake Hairy Crab, and Zhouzhuang are three international and heavyweight brands.
Suzhou gardens are among the top ten in China and are among the top ten scenic spots and historic sites in China. Nine of them are included in the World Cultural Heritage List. As of 2009, six intangible cultural heritage items have been listed as world oral and intangible cultural heritage. Material cultural heritage; "the first scenic spot in Wuzhong" Huqiu's profound cultural accumulation makes it a must-visit place for tourists in Suzhou.
Suzhou currently has 2 national historical and cultural cities (Suzhou, Changshu) and 12 Chinese historical and cultural towns (Kunshan Zhouzhuang, Wujiang Tongli, Wujiang Zhenze, Wujiang Lili, Wuzhong Luzhi, Wuzhong Mudu , Taicang Shaxi, Kunshan Qiandeng, Kunshan Jinxi, Changshu Shajiabang, Wudongshan, Zhangjiagang Phoenix).
Well-preserved ancient towns (such as Lili, Shengze, Pingwang in Wujiang, Liuhe in Taicang, etc.), famous historical and cultural villages in China (Wuzhong Luxiang Ancient Village, Mingyue Bay), among the first ten in China Pingjiang Road and Shantang Street are two famous historical and cultural streets.
References Baidu Encyclopedia - Suzhou