1. Horses on Flying Swallows
Eastern Han Dynasty Bronze Galloping Horses, also known as Horses on Flying Swallows, Ma Chao Longque, Horses on Crows, Eagles on Horses, Horses on Flying Falcons, and Lingyun Ben horse. It was unearthed from the Leitai Han Tomb in Wuwei, Gansu Province in October 1969. In 1983, the image was designated as a national tourism symbol and is one of the treasures of Gansu Province Museum.
The bronze galloping horse is made with exquisite craftsmanship and ingenious design: a horse neighs with its head raised, gallops with three legs in the air, and one hoof passes over a flying eagle. The eagle is frightened and looking forward, full of momentum. This horse is a good horse style, which combines the advantages of Western Region horses and Mongolian horses. It has a large head, long body, short limbs, and strong muscles. At the same time, this horse also has the talent of the Hexi walking horse: walking sideways. The weight of the horse is focused on the foot, with a flying eagle as the chassis, a vivid combination of mechanical balance and artistic beauty.
2. Dayun Temple Relic Treasure Letter
The gold coffin, silver coffin, copper box, relic bottle and stone letter were unearthed from Dayun Temple in Jingchuan County in the Tang Dynasty. They are relic containers* **Five items: The outermost layer is a gray marble letter (height, length and width respectively: 42.5×50.5×49.5), with a square covered bucket top, with a square grid engraved in the middle, and the inside of the grid is engraved with the words "Letter from the Relics of Dayun Temple in Jingchuan of the Great Zhou Dynasty" A total of fourteen pills." Yinwen official script, the calligraphy is vigorous and powerful. The second layer is a copper box, 12.3 cm high. The copper box is shaped like a stone letter. The whole body is gilt and engraved with honeysuckle patterns. The top of the cover is inlaid with a silver lotus with twelve petals and a peach-shaped silver bead in the center of the lotus. There are two silver hinges installed on the back between the cover and the body, and three petal-shaped silver buckles are installed on the front, and a gilt copper key is hung on it. The third layer of silver coffin is 9.3 cm high, 10.7 cm long and 8.4 cm wide. The tile-covered cover is engraved with the honeysuckle pattern on the whole body. There are two rings on each side. The base is rectangular, with hook rails on all sides and a flat seat. The space is inlaid with diamond patterns. The fourth layer of the golden coffin is 6 cm high, 7.5 cm long and 6 cm wide. It is shaped like a silver coffin. The lid and body of the coffin are inlaid with gold pieces, pearls and turquoise to form a large lotus, and are surrounded by small lotuses composed of gold pieces. The lotus stems and lotus leaves are symmetrical. The pedestal under the silver coffin and the gold coffin are covered with brocade with five-petal plum blossoms as the pattern. There is a small sandalwood partition inside the golden coffin. There is a glass bottle built into the gold coffin, with a long neck, round belly, flat bottom, white and transparent. There are 14 relics inside, shaped like rice grains and pearl-like in texture, with artificial holes in the middle. The bottle is covered with a bronze silk handkerchief. The whole set of works is exquisite, gorgeous and dazzling, reflecting the high level of gold and silverware production in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It is also a treasure of Buddhist art.
3. Bronze chariot and horse honor guard
4. Bronze yak
Bronze yak, Yuan Dynasty. Height 77 cm, length 118 cm, weight 75 kg. It is an image of a male yak, using a realistic approach to select the standing posture of the yak. The cow's head is slightly tilted forward, its eyes are wide open, its jaw is half-open, its body is strong, its four hooves are thick, its horns are large and curved, and its plump short tail is floating and drooping. The style is realistic and lifelike. The yak, known as the "boat of the snowy field", is a spiritual animal worshiped by the Tibetan people. It is now in the Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County Museum, and the one in Ganbo's collection is an imitation.
The bronze yak and the bronze galloping horse are still and moving.
5. Eastern Roman gilt silver plate
Unearthed in Jingyuan County, Gansu Province in the autumn of 1988. During the 4th to 6th centuries AD, the silver plate had a maximum diameter of 31 cm, a height of 4.9 cm, and a weight of 3190 grams. The young man holding a staff and leaning on an animal was decorated in the center of the plate. Most Chinese and foreign scholars judged it to be Dionysus in Greek mythology. Some people think that the twelve human heads listed in the middle circle are the twelve gods of Mount Olympus in Greek mythology, including the sun god and the moon god; some people think they are the dependents of the god Dionysus. In ancient Greek religious stories, Dionys is the nature god who symbolizes harvest and plants, and is especially famous as the god of wine. That is, the 4th to 5th centuries AD, which is approximately equivalent to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties periods in my country. The Eastern Roman Empire maintained friendly exchanges with China in its early days. According to the "Book of Wei", the Eastern Roman Empire sent missions to the Northern Wei Dynasty three times.
This disk is the evidence of the exchange between East and West at that time.
6. Medical wooden slips from the Qin and Han Dynasties
7. Painted pottery vase with human head shape and mouth
Fine clay red pottery. The height is 31.8 cm, the diameter is 4.5 cm, and the bottom diameter is 6.8 cm. The shape of the vessel is a long cylinder with pointed ends, the lower part is slightly retracted, and both ears on the abdomen are missing. The mouth is made into a round sculpture of a human head. This human head vase dating back more than 5,000 years creates a dignified, elegant, simple and generous image of a beautiful woman. It originates from reality but transcends reality. It cleverly combines the human head with the gourd vase, which is interesting. Vivid, it is a representative work of Dadiwan Yangshao painted pottery.
8. Colorful sculptures of seated Buddha and attendant Bodhisattva
In the Tang Dynasty, the Tianti Mountain Grottoes in Wuwei City, the seated Buddha is 130 cm high. Sitting in full posture, with a round bun and broad shoulders, long eyebrows and narrow eyes, tightly closed lips, his right hand rests on his knees, and his left hand performs meditation seal. Wearing a shoulder-length cassock with trapezoidal folds. The contemplative look, graceful posture, and smooth clothes express a peaceful state of mind. Although the paintings are mottled, they do not conceal the holy and serene charm of the Buddha statues from the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. The standing statue of Bodhisattva in the same cave has an elegant posture and a correct bearing. The Bodhisattva on the left is 183 centimeters tall. Her head is tied up in a bun with a hanging ring, her hair is shawled over her shoulders, her face is round and plump, her beautiful eyes are slightly open, and her expression is both detached and solemn. Wearing a tight-fitting celestial gown and a leg-fitting long skirt, the scarf hangs down from the shoulders to the knees. The right arm is bent and the left arm is drooping. The Bodhisattva on the right is 180 centimeters tall. Her hair is raised up in a bun, and the remaining hair hangs down her shoulders into three locks. Her eyebrows are curved and plump, and her expression is quiet, solemn yet charming. Bend your left arm to your chest and droop your right arm. The wide silk shawl hangs from the shoulders to the armpits, and the skirt is folded close to the legs. The soft lines perfectly match the figure with strong muscles and bones, and the shadow sculpting skills have been perfected.
Looking straight at the seated Buddha, it is solemn and solemn. If you bend down to pay homage and look up, the Buddha will have a faint smile and be kind and kind. The carver uses different angles to create a lofty image of the Buddha who should be worshiped.
9. Tripod-shaped copper traveling lantern
During the Warring States Period, it was unearthed from the Warring States Qin Tomb in Miaozhuang, Pingliang City. It is 30.2 cm high when opened, 16.7 cm high when closed, and has a diameter of 11.3 cm. When closed, it is a three-legged round tripod, containing the oil used for burning lamps. There are two duck heads on both sides of the lid. Its wide mouth can just hold the double keys, and the lid of the tripod is firmly buckled. When using the lamp, hold up the double button and insert it into the round latch in the center of the tripod cover. At this time, the tripod cover becomes a lamp. It has a sophisticated structure, scientific design, is easy to use, and has a tight seal that prevents oil from spilling. It is a lamp used by nobles when traveling.
10. Pottery decorations
11. Twelve zodiac oracle bones
12. Representatives of pottery culture
13. Western Zhou bronzes
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14. "Post Envoy Picture"
"Post Envoy Picture" was unearthed from Jiayuguan in 1973 during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It is 26 cm long, 17 cm wide and 5 cm thick. The drawing uses only a few strokes and the painting style is concise, depicting the picture of the messenger galloping on horseback. The picture has a beige background, black outlines, yellow horse body, and a few strokes of red embellishment. On the screen, the messenger "wears a black headband, a coat with wide sleeves on the right side, long boots, and holds a token in his left hand." The horse's head is held high, "the nose is straight and the pores are open, the eyes are big and energetic, the chest is strong and the neck is strong, the hips are round and the feet are thin, the tendons are exposed, and the four hooves are in the air." This shows the excellent horses of the Wei, Jin and Hexi. The horse is galloping and the messenger is sitting firmly on the horse's back, which reflects the proficiency of the messenger's business. "Post Envoy Picture" was painted around the 3rd century AD. It shows that China was one of the first countries in the world to establish post offices.
We can see that the artist used just a few strokes to outline the image of a post envoy holding a document and a red-maned horse flying in the air with four hooves; however, the only thing on the post envoy’s face is that there is no mouth. This is because What the Postmaster values ??is speed and confidentiality. The lack of a mouth shows that the most important aspect of the Postmaster's job is: confidentiality!
my country's postal system experienced the development of various dynasties in the Spring and Autumn Period, Han Dynasty, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties. It was not until the middle of the Qing Dynasty that it gradually declined and was replaced by modern postal services. "Post Envoy Picture" vividly reproduces the situation of China's postal posts more than 1,600 years ago, and is considered to be the earliest image material of ancient postal posts discovered in China. In 1982, a commemorative stamp commemorating the "Stage Envoy Picture" souvenir sheet was issued to commemorate the convening of the First Congress of the All-China Philatelic Federation.
15. Tomb Keeper
“I’ll hit your chest with my little fist”
“I’ll hit you with a hammer, whoever is afraid of you!”
16. Wooden Dance Figurines
17. Yellow Sheep Traps
traps: reminds me of the iron rabbit traps placed on the path that rabbits must pass through when I was a child; in winter, wooden sticks There are even bamboo sieves supported by distant wires, sparrow catchers for placing grains; mouse traps, cicada bags, dragonfly catchers, etc. I even think of the friends and big brothers we had fun with back then. Nostalgic for seeing things, memories are the most precious treasures!
18. Painted wooden unicorn of the Eastern Han Dynasty
19. Horseback cushion
The horseback cushion of the nobles. The pockets at the four corners of the cushion are used to hold spices and Drive away horseflies and prevent the horse from getting frightened and causing accidents while the owner is riding.
At the same time, it can eliminate horse odor. Both safety and comfort. The ancients were only as wealthy and extravagant as this.
20. Double Buddhas
21. Thirteen Lamps of the Han Dynasty
Unearthed in Wuwei, Gansu Province in 1969, it is the most exquisite Lamp of the Han Dynasty. utensils.
The lamp tree is 112 cm tall. The lamp is in the shape of a tree, with its main trunk divided into three sections. The lamp pole is round in shape and has hollow human-shaped leaves. The upper and lower sections are inserted in sequence. A cross-shaped bracket is placed at the junction of each section, just like the division of a lamp tree. branch. The cross supports are protruding horizontally in four directions, each with open-work carved leaves with intertwined branches and phoenixes. A small lamp is supported at the end of each leaf, and leaf-shaped flames are inserted on the edge of the lamp. At the top of the trunk is a large standing ring decorated with carved sculptures of an immortal riding a deer. The immortal raises his arms to support the largest lamp panel.
There are three layers of cross branches in the middle of the main trunk of the lamp post. There are four lamps on each layer, and they are smaller in order from bottom to top. Together with the large lamp at the top of the trunk, the whole tree has thirteen branches. , so it is also called the Thirteen Tree Lanterns.
22. Architecture of the Han Dynasty
23. Hall of Fame for Eminent Monks
24. List of Gansu Grottoes
25. Major ethnic groups in ancient times in northwest Gansu