Then it went through the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties until the Song Dynasty, which lasted for more than 300 years. This period was mostly used for mining and construction, and began in Pingcheng, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which is now Datong City, Shanxi Province.
Time before and after moving the capital to Luoyang. At that time, there were many wars in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and the capital was located in the north, which was not conducive to rule. Luoyang, located in the Central Plains, has superior natural conditions, so it moved its capital to Luoyang in 493 AD, which also opened the prelude to the construction of Longmen Grottoes.
During this period, the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North, and foreign ideological education became the spiritual pillar of ideological culture. From 628 to the middle of16th century, caves, sculptures and other cultures and arts emerged in large numbers. Finally, due to the Jin-Yuan War, the glorious history ended.
Inscriptions and inscriptions
Longmen Grottoes, known as the ancient forest of steles, is the grottoes with the largest number of ancient inscriptions in China, with more than 2,860 inscriptions. Wuyi in Qing Dynasty commented: "Longmen is not only a stone carving Buddha field, but also an ancient forest of steles".
Among them, the well-known "Longmen Twenty Products" is the representative of Wei's stone inscription style; Chu Suiliang's Yique Buddhist Shrine Monument is a model of regular script style in Tang Dynasty, and it is also called "double gem" of Longmen calligraphy art with Song Zhenzong's Longmen Monument, which is a masterpiece of China's calligraphy art.
"Twenty products of Longmen" refers to the inscriptions of twenty statues selected from Longmen Grottoes in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and is the representative of Wei Bei's calligraphy. Among them, 19 are in Guyang Cave and 1 are in Cixiang Cave. The appellation of twenty products was first seen in Kang Youwei's Guang Yi and Zhou Shuang Tan and Fang Ruo's School Tablet Essays in Qing Dynasty. The content is generally to express the sculptor's blessing and eliminate disasters.
On the basis of Han Li and Kincaid, his calligraphy art developed and evolved, forming a unique style which is dignified, generous, rich and simple, with both official script style and regular script factors. It is the essence of northern Wei calligraphy art and the representative of Weibei style.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Longmen Grottoes.