Chaoyang Temple is located on the top of Fengguan Mountain, about 1 km southwest of Yezhou Town, Jianshi County, covering an area of ??about 500 square meters. Because Fengguan Mountain looks like a colorful phoenix that is about to fly toward the sun, which means a red phoenix rising to the sun, it is named "Chaoyang View". Fengguan Mountain, located on the southwest side of Yezhou Town, was famous for the Chaoyang Temple in history. Because there is a natural pool outside the temple called "Tianchi", Chaoyang Temple is also called "Tianchi Temple". This temple was built in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and repaired during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty.
The scenic spot starts from Yezhou Town, where the People's Government of Jianshi County is located, in the west, and ends at the Xiaoxikou Reservoir Area in the east. It is based on the county seat, with a total area of ??50 square kilometers, and convenient transportation. National Highway 209 passes through the scenic spot. . Chaoyang Scenic Area is rich in natural and cultural tourism resources: Chaoyang Guanfengguan Mountain and its surrounding landforms are typical Danxia landforms, with high mountains, elegant environment, well-preserved natural ecology, numerous cultural sites, and vigorous ecological agriculture. Vitality; the completion of Xiaoxikou Power Station has added a cultural landscape to Chaoyang View. The entire Guanyu was originally composed of Buddha Hall, Guanyin Hall, Eighteen Arhat Hall, Jade Emperor Tower, Lu Zu Pavilion, Lingguan Hall and other buildings. It faces east and west and is made of brick and wood. Above the gate, there are three characters "Tianchi Temple" in convex block letters; a couplet is engraved on the blue and white stone door frame: "The pond is deep enough for fish to leap, and the sky allows birds to fly", and the banner reads "Everything in the temple is empty". The clay statues in the temple are lifelike, neatly displayed, and the atmosphere is solemn. Elders once presided over the temple. There is a natural pool on the south side outside the temple. It was originally as clear as a mirror and was known as the "Tianchi Mirror". A single-span arch bridge was built on it, commonly known as the "Moon Arch Bridge".
The natural environment outside Tianchi Temple is beautiful, with lush trees, elegance and tranquility, birds singing and flowers fragrant, and the scenery picturesque. The ten sceneries of Chaoyang are: Tianchi mirror, flying spring in stone stream, green tiger head, green phoenix tail, hanging white seal on cliff, towering stone with black gauze, lion beach roaring at night, tiger list opening in the sky, Penglai wonderland and stone stream overpass. Surrounding attractions include Chuandongzi Forest Farm, Mishui River, Tiansheng Bridge, Zhimushui, Shigumen, Pagoda Mountain, Nv'er Village, Gongjian Rock, etc.
Around Chaoyang Temple, there used to be towering ancient cypresses, fragrant osmanthus lotuses, and several rice fields, with a few fragrant fragrances dotting them. It cleared up after the rain, and the mountains were covered with mist and green trees. It is as elegant and quiet as a cave. Coupled with the sound of bells and drums and the wisps of incense inside the temple, the ancients praised it as the "Penglai Wonderland". To the northeast of Fengguan Mountain, there is the "Lion Awakening Cave" inscribed by Mr. Shi Ying, one of the "Three Heroes" of Hubei Province. There are also three sceneries here, including "Flying Spring in Stone Cave" and "Stone Cave Overpass". Visitors once wrote a couplet like "The clear water flows towards the natural stone cave, and the lush green mountains cover the human sky bridge." There are swirling water ripples in the Guangrun River at the foot of the mountain, the sparkling "Lion Beach" (Lion Beach Night Roar) and the lifelike image. "Chuaner Island"; in the upper reaches of Lion Beach, there is also the "Iron Cable Bridge" spanning a single hole. To the southeast of Fengguan Mountain, there are forty-eight Tai Chi figures and the winding Malan River with green water. "Tiger Head and Ang Cui" is located on the northwest hill of Malan River. Directly north of Fengguan Mountain, there are important historical relics and the quiet and quiet "Sanqing Cave", "Hubang Tiankai", "Cliff Hanging White Seal", "Stone Towering Wusha" and "Black Rock Cave". To the west of Fengguan Mountain, there is the Zhaizi (Pangwa) Cave with thousands of cliffs on Dazhai Mountain; there is the "Fengwei Tuoqing" that stretches for several miles; and there is the giant "Chuan Cave" that can accommodate ten thousand people. At the foot of the stone slope in the northwest, there are the "Fish Fairy Cave" that is "loving charity", the "Mishui River" where rice is washed, and the "Yinhe Mountain" composed of natural stones. The scenery here is unique and it is the best resort at the end of Chaoyangguan Scenic Area. It is said that during the Anti-Japanese War, General Ye Ting was imprisoned here as the first prison of the Kuomintang in Hubei Province. According to historical records, Jianshi County was established in the third year of Yong'an (260 AD) by Wu Sunxiu of the Three Kingdoms period. It is the earliest county in the current Enshi Autonomous Prefecture and has retained the name "Jianshi" county. Chaoyang Temple and Shitong Cave, as scenic spots in Jianshi, also have a long history. If we count from the time when Huang Tingjian visited Shitong Cave in the Song Dynasty, it has been more than 900 years ago. Moreover, Huang Tingjian Road passes through Jianshi, so the reason why he visited Shitong Cave shows that Shitong Cave had become a tourist attraction in Jianshi at that time. Going back from this, Chaoyang Temple and Shitong Cave became scenic spots in the Jianshi Dynasty. Although there is no historical data, it can be concluded that they have a history of at least more than a thousand years.
The earliest record of Jianshi in a chronicle is the "Kuizhou Prefecture Chronicle" in the eighth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1513). However, the "Yiwen Zhi" of this chronicle does not contain poems and articles about the scenic spots of Jianshi. At present, there are only three versions of "Jianshi County Chronicle" collected in the Qing Dynasty. First, it was compiled by Luo Hongzhu, the county magistrate during the Jiaqing period. There is only one poem about Shitong Cave contained in the "Zhi" by Liu Gongzheng, which is called "Shitong Cave Connects to the Sky".
The second version was compiled by Yuan Jinghui, the county magistrate, in the 21st year of Daoguang reign (1841). This "Zhi" collected seven wall poems from the Song and Ming Dynasties on the stone walls of Shitong Cave, which were recorded in the "Zhi". This is a great contribution to the study of Shitong Cave's historical sites. The third version was compiled by Xiong Qiyong, the county magistrate in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866). This "Zhi" adds ten poems about Chaoyangguan and Shitongdong written by Jiang Shuchang, Zheng Benxun and He Jiuru during the Xianfeng period.
In addition to the poems and essays written by literati and poets from past dynasties when they visited Chaoyang Temple and Shitong Cave in the "Art and Literature Chronicles", these three versions of the county annals also include the Chaoyang Temple in the "Scenic Sites". He Shitong Cave was described in more detail. Jiaqing's "Zhi" records: "Chaoyang View is located three miles west of the county, and it is located on the top of a mountain. The mountain is towering and steep, and the access road is narrow and dangerous. You can only reach it on foot after several rests. Looking far into the distance, all the mountains in the surrounding area are like Pei Chang; overlooking them, The county town has thousands of tiles and tiles, and is easily accessible for people to visit. The mountains are too high and are prone to drying up, but the paddy fields on the top of the mountain never dry up in winter and summer, which is also the case with Shitong Cave at the foot of Chaoyangguan Mountain. At the foot of the mountain, the sky is as high as a house. The entrance is winding and winding, and can accommodate hundreds of people. The roof of the cave is open, and the sun is visible. The other cave is dark, and the right wall is bright. Many tourists bring their drinking utensils and sit on it to chant poems, feeling that the atmosphere is very different. The two characters "Fu Weng" are engraved on the wall, which can be slightly recognized. According to legend, on the day when Huang Luzhi was demoted to Fuzhou, his younger brother Zhizhi ordered Wushan to come to see it. "Yousi Cave. There are many poems about it by the people of the city, but there is no inscription on the valley in the cave." Yuan Zhi slightly modified this text and included it, and Xiong Zhi revised it again and included it. This passage briefly describes the geographical location and mountain topography of Chaoyang Temple, while giving a more detailed description of Shitong Cave. In particular, the record that "the word 'Fu Weng' is engraved on the wall is slightly identifiable" has become one of the important basis for investigating the historical sites of Shitong Cave. Yuan Zhizhong also wrote about Chaoyang Temple: "Chaoyang Temple is called Tianchi Temple. The pool is behind the temple and is endless in winter and summer. I named the mountain 'Fengguan Mountain'. The base of the mountain is steep and the top is flat, with green trees. Looking down. The city wall looks like a painting. Its main hall has a statue of Guanyin (original note: Daoguang Xinchou and Zhong Qiuhui respectfully sent Bian's forehead with the words "Ci Yun Biancai"); outside there is a statue of Guan Shengdijun; its mountain gate has a statue of Hui Jingyan. The forehead is called "Yi Nan Shengjing"; the east clean room is called "Xiao Penglai", and the place where the monk is sitting is called "King Ran Jing Jing"."
From this text, we can get a glimpse of Qing Daoguang. An overview of Chaoyangguan Temple during the period. At the same time, this passage also proves that "Fengguan Mountain" and "Penglai Scenic Spot" and "Little Penglai" mentioned in many subsequent poems were named by Yuan Jinghui, the county magistrate during the Daoguang period. The above records further illustrate the long history and beautiful scenery of Chaoyang Temple, especially Shitong Cave, as a scenic spot at the beginning of its construction. Nervzhai is an important scenic spot in Chaoyang Scenic Area. It is located in the canyon beside Malan River at the southern foot of Chaoyang View, only 3 kilometers away from the county seat. The scenery in the canyon is varied such as streams, waterfalls, forests, caves, and cliffs. It is colorful, among which the Danxia rock peaks and pictographic rocks are unique, and green shrubs are everywhere. The two large caves under the hanging rock are said to have been the gathering place for the Jiegan uprising of poor farmers' daughters. According to the background provided by the legendary story of "Fengliu Daughters' Village", it is planned to build a unique fort here to serve as It provides urban and rural residents with a grand view garden that is fully functional, can cultivate one's moral character, cultivate one's sentiments, display folk customs since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and is a performance venue for Tujia girls' life customs.
A poem by Huang Tingjian
Shitong Cave
The ancient trees rustled in the wind at the entrance of the cave. In the past, people used to leave the cage here①.
There is a trickle of water in front of the cliff, so it is good to wash away the dust and remove it.
Note:
① Fan cage: a cage for birds and beasts. Tao Qian, a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" that "after being in a cage for a long time, I can return to nature."
②Weng: refers to Tao Qian.
Brief analysis:
Huang Tingjian (1045~1105), whose courtesy name was Lu Zhi, also known as Valley Taoist and Fu Weng. A native of Fenning (now Xiushui, Jiangxi Province), he was a poet and calligrapher of the Song Dynasty.
A poem by Zhu Shengfei
Shi Tongdong
Fu Weng's poems are famous throughout the universe, and Li Du Zhuifeng ① is the queen of the palace.
Mountains, rivers, vegetation, and scriptures are inscribed in the scriptures, and their good names will last forever.
When he was slightly tired in middle age, he was relegated to the middle of Guizhou Province. Shi Tong once transported Xi to his 3rd elbow.
Not only the locals respect it, it is a sacred object that can last for hundreds of years.
I once visited Danya in Wuxi River and recited three or four of your poems in reverence.
To this day, it is worth a lot of money, and it is still unsold.
Shi Tongdang was among his brothers, and even asked the scholar to open his mouth.
Note:
①Zhuifeng: means the peak.
②Wei Lei: Wei, micro words; tired, involving, dragging down. Being dragged down and implicated by the slightest words.
③Xizhi: Wang Xizhi, the great calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
④ Divine objects:
⑤ Wuxi Danya: Wuxi originates from Songshan Mountain in the southwest of Qiyang, Hunan Province, and flows into the Xiangjiang River in the northeast. Danya: Danyan or Danshanyan is located beside Wuxi River in Yongzhou, Hunan. Huang Tingjian once wrote a poem on it, which was included in "Valley Collection".
⑥Xiaoxiang: Another name for the Xiangjiang River in Hunan.
⑦One word is worth a thousand pieces of gold. It means that one word of an article is not easy to write. It is often used to describe the high value of poetry.
⑧Bozhong: Brothers, refers to things that are equal to each other.
⑨Open the mouth: The number "囗" is the character that has fallen off the original text.
Brief analysis:
Zhu Shengfei, courtesy name Cangyi, was born in Caizhou (now Runan, Henan). During the Shaoxing period of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, he was worshiped by Pu She, the official minister. There is a biography in the history of the Song Dynasty, and it was included in the "Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Names" compiled by Zang Lihe during the Republic of China. The poet once visited Shitong Cave in Jianshi and wrote the poem "Shitong Cave". First couplet: Chaoyang Guan Shangguan Chaoyang (pronunciation chao yang guan shang guan zhao yang)
Second couplet: