Su Shi cut to the chase and pointed out what is political clarity and peace in the world? Ideally, people can solve problems without complaining to the government. Secondly, it is impossible to have no complaints or grievances, but as long as the people have demands, they can all be responded and resolved, regardless of status and geographical differences. This is one of the greatest things in the world.
Then use the analogy of human skills; As long as any part of a person's body itches a little, his hands will come at once. "My husband is a man who can create everything in the world." But how can we achieve "the world can be one"? He believes that the key is to implement benevolent government. The so-called love for the people is like a son, and being a father is like a son. Therefore, "the nobility of the son of heaven and the inferiority of the gentry can make people love each other." Worry can make the same, and urgency can save the same. "In essence, it is the Confucian view of loyalty and forgiveness.
With a change of pen, he quoted the present with "not like this" and listed the disadvantages. The people have grievances and have no recourse. As for heaven, as for ghosts and gods. Senior officials ignore people's feelings, and grassroots officials take bribes. "Nothing in the world is impossible without money." Compared with the above two stages, the current crisis is looming. Why is this?
Generally speaking, the rule of law is the first choice for politicians to govern the country. This article omits this argument. And directly compare the Han, Tang and Song Dynasties as arguments; "In the past, the disadvantages of the Han and Tang Dynasties were unknown, but they were not used strictly, so that the senses won the world with empty and unfounded laws, so the villain could not be a traitor."
The disadvantage of the Han and Tang dynasties was that the legal system was unclear, which led to "villains can't be traitors." However, at present, the French Open has been restored and every move involves the law. However, corrupt officials use the law to deceive people to collect money and evade guilt. "So, the villain uses the law as a traitor." In contrast, the conclusion is obvious: whether the superficial rule of law can not achieve the actual effect of Anbang's administration.
At this point, it is fascinating. This road is blocked, where is the road? Then the article takes a different approach: "People who do a lot of things today are sincere." ? If an official wants something but doesn't get it, the old and the new remain the same, but there is no dispute. The king was restrained because he could not do it. "The main reason for the variety of political affairs is the selfish interests of officials and departments. It's all about changing the law and using power for personal gain. The government system suffers from intestinal obstruction. As a result, people were unwilling and ordered to ban it. This is the "drawback".
Writing here, the central argument "definitely eliminating disadvantages" suddenly emerged. After enumerating the historical facts of Wang Meng's rule of Qin and analyzing all kinds of disadvantages of the current officialdom, Su Shi naturally put forward the measures of "eliminating disadvantages"; "If you want to get rid of its disadvantages, it is better to save trouble." "Nothing is easier to save than appointing someone, and nothing is better than self-sufficiency."
Su Shi's statement is in short, politics should be pragmatic; In the final analysis, the human factor comes first. The ruling party should make great efforts to govern, be diligent for the people, be grounded and set an example; Governing the country should reduce the political affairs that disturb the people, and to do this, we must have a team of high-quality officials. He believes that the superficial rule of law is not the key.
That's a good idea. However, after careful deliberation, how can we achieve "saving trouble as employing people and being diligent as self-sufficient". Isn't there an answer if there is no answer?
Su Shi is still the Confucian ideal of benevolent governance. Judging from the social development of China for thousands of years, the Confucian ideal of benevolent governance based on the rule of man has never been realized, and it has been proved by historical facts to be unworkable. After all, the rule of law is the development direction of modern society, which is beyond doubt.
Extended data
author
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-18.24), with the word Zizhan, alias Tieguanyin, Dongpo Jushi, Su Dongpo and Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (Meishan, Sichuan Province).
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case.
After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of reading and a minister of rites, and was well known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".
representative works
1, Dongpo seven episodes
Su Shi's poetry anthology 1 10. It includes 40 volumes of Dongpo Collection, 20 volumes of Dongpo Post Collection, Dongpo's Notes 15, 3 volumes of Dongpo's Attached Music, Dongpo's Hidden Collection 10, Dongpo's Zhao Yingji 10, and Dongpo's sequel.
2. Dongpo Yi Zhuan
This book is based on Dongpo Yi Zhuan in Sikuquanshu, and collated with reference to other block printing. Each chapter is preceded by a brief comment to facilitate readers' reading and understanding.
3. Dongpo Yuefu
Dongpo Yuefu is a collection of Su Shi's poems in the Northern Song Dynasty. The earliest extant edition is an engraving of Fu Nan Bookstore (now Songjiang, Yun Jian), which was published by Classical Literature Publishing House on 1957.
1979, the Chinese Department of Fudan University copied the Yuan version as the base version, and collated it with Su Shi's Ci in Sixty Poems of Song Dynasty, Si Yin Zhai Engraving Ci and Village Series published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House. In the second year of Song Huizong Chongning, Dongpo Yuefu was banned along with other Su Shi's collected works.