20 17 received the 57th gift:
The third issue of Haihe Literature magazine 20 17 published Zeng Lingqi's prose "White Horse Pass".
Thank you very much Zhang Lili, deputy editor-in-chief Yue Xiang and Haihe Literature magazine!
Please advise and clap bricks!
Make persistent efforts, write more and more!
one
When it comes to the establishment of Shu Han, we can't help but mention the character Pang Tong.
Zhang Ailing, a modern novelist, once said, "Be famous before it is too late." Maslow, a western psychologist, has a "hierarchy of needs", and the fourth level is "the need for respect". The so-called "need respect" actually means that everyone is eager for their own talents to be recognized and respected by others. "Being famous" means gaining greater fame in a certain range, becoming a "celebrity" to a certain extent and gaining social recognition. Pang Tong's fame should be considered earlier.
Pang Tong's family background is still unclear. "Xiangyang Ji" contains: "Those who don't know how to control are only virtuous, and they will go to see Germany at the age of 18. If you talk about virtue, you will sigh:' Knowing people honestly with virtue is actually virtue.' Historical materials tell us that in the process of Pang Tong's growth, his uncle Pang Degong played a decisive role in Pang Tong's success and fame. Thanks to his uncle's cultivation and Si Mahui's appreciation, Pang Tong quickly became famous in Jingzhou and Xiangyang.
Zhuge Liang, two years younger than Pang Tong, was also carefully cultivated by Pang Degong.
Zhuge Liang's family went to Jingzhou with his uncle Zhuge Xuan to defect to Liu Biao. Zhuge Liang and his uncle Zhuge Xuan, only 17 years old, married Zhuge Liang's sister to the surname Kuaiqi in Jingzhou. Kuai Liang and Kuai Yue of Kuaijia made great contributions to Liu Biao's entry into Jingzhou. Marry the second sister to Pang Shanmin, the son of the famous Pang Degong in Jingxiang area; Brother Zhuge Jun hired the daughter of the famous Lin family in Jingxiang area as his wife; Zhuge Liang, on the other hand, married Huang's daughter, Huang, a famous scholar in Miannan, a famous talented woman and an "ugly woman". Romance of the Three Kingdoms (No.1 17) replied: "My wife sponsored the study of Wu Hou." Huang's wife, Chua, is Chua's eldest sister and the stepmother of Liu Biao, the master of Jingzhou.
Because of his close relationship with the Pang family, Zhuge Liang also received special care from the Pang family. Zhuge Liang treated Degong with teacher's courtesy. "Every time Kong Ming went to his house, he worshipped alone under the bed, and Duke De didn't stop him at first." Ruan Han, a Qing Dynasty man, said in Answering which is better or worse: "Pang Gong discovered Liu Biao, but he knew his shortcomings and actions; Moreover, the intellectual debate is fierce, and it is implicit that the marquis of Wu should be replaced by himself. At home, it can help the decline of Ding Yan, but now it has not changed the joy of Yanlin. " Ruan Han believes that Pang Degong played a key role in Zhuge Liang's success; Modern scholar Tan pointed out more directly that Pang Degong was actually Zhuge Liang's teacher.
"Biography of Foreigners in the Later Han Dynasty" contains: Liu Biao, the secretariat of Jingzhou, invited Duke De to the DPRK several times, but all of them were rejected. Liu Biao asked him why he refused to be an official and why future generations left their children behind. He replied, "The world left it in danger, but today it was left alone. Although the heritage is different, there is not much left. " What this world leaves to children and grandchildren is the bad habit of seeking pleasure, loving leisure and hating work. What is left to children and grandchildren is a life of farming, land and living and working in peace and contentment, leaving only differences. Show the unique views of the German public. Sages are good at learning, Zhuge Liang is called "Wolong", Si Mahui is called "water mirror", and Pang Tong is called "Feng Chu" and knows people.
"Poetry, Elegance and Man" says: "Only with wisdom and philosophy can we protect ourselves." Pang Degong is a man who is good at saving himself in troubled times. It is normal to have such an uncle, who grew up from a clever Pang Tong to a "Feng Chu" on a par with Zhuge Liang.
two
Opening a history of China is often shocking. The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was such an era of chaos and people's misery. Now that I think about it, the so-called "desperate in troubled times" in Zhuge Liang's model is not empty talk, but heartfelt words.
First, when Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling ascended the throne when they were young, consorts and eunuchs alternately controlled the central government. They support their own wings, cronyism, wanton annexation of land and cruel oppression of the people. Later, there was a fierce conflict between the literati group and the eunuch group, which led to a "party disaster" and a serious division within the feudal ruling class. The struggle of the rulers' upper class soon showed the decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The country has reached the position of "the fields are empty, the imperial court is empty, and the warehouses are empty", but from the royal family to local officials at all levels, they turn a blind eye to the deep crisis of the country and continue to spend money like water, extravagant and wasteful. As the supreme ruler, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty openly sold his official titles and titles in order to increase his income. Imagine, those "athel loren" who spend money to buy officials, once they take office, don't search viciously!
The country is in crisis, but the ruling class has not realized it yet. Mencius said, "It is dangerous for the state to pay taxes from top to bottom." In the first year of Zhong Ping (184), a large-scale peasant uprising led by Zhang Jiao broke out. The Eastern Han Dynasty was frightened. Emperors, consorts, eunuchs, bureaucrats and literati put aside contradictions for the time being and went all out to suppress the peasant rebels. But in the process of suppressing the peasant uprising, Dong Zhuo took the lead. After Dong Zhuo's death, Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Gongsun Zan, Cao Cao, Liu Biao, Sun Ce and others successively occupied counties and counties, becoming separatist forces of all sizes.
As the saying goes, "when gods fight, mortals suffer." No wonder Cao Mengde, the ruling class, generously lamented: "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles." The author of Nineteen Ancient Poems, facing his humble position and impermanent fate as a scholar, can only sigh that "elections fly all my life." In that turbulent era, "protecting leaders" almost became a luxury.
Some scholars also know that "seeking immortality with food is often mistaken by medicine", so "it is better to drink alcohol and serve vegetarian food" to muddle along; Some scholars lament that "if you are less than a hundred years old, you are always worried about being a thousand years old", so "the days are short and the nights are long, so why not take a candle tour", eat, drink and be merry in time, and anesthetize your nerves with alcohol and women; However, intellectuals with high intelligence are "wandering outside their homes alone, worried about who to sue". What they yearn for is "why not aim high and take the road first", and clearly shout "doing nothing and staying poor and humble, going through hardships and hardships". Good birds choose wood to live in, make contributions and realize their lifelong ambitions, which is their greatest pursuit.
At this point, Pang Tong was born in troubled times, just like Zhuge Liang.
three
The Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Pang Tong said: "(Pang Tong) was young and ignorant. Si Mahui in Yingchuan is elegant, knowledgeable and insightful. The emblem is planted on a tree and sits under it. The language of * * is from day to night. The emblem is very different. It is said that it is the crown of Zhou Nan scholars, so it has gradually emerged. "
Every time I read this passage, I especially appreciate the tolerance and wisdom of Si Mahui and Pang Tong. One old and one young, under the tree, from Dan to dusk, communication is unimpeded. Si Mahui, who is famous for knowing people and being good at learning, praised Pang Tong as "the highest scholar in South China". It can be seen that this dialogue between the young and the old has achieved unprecedented success, and Pang Tong has gained fame in Jingxiang.
However, fame is famous; No matter how famous you are, if you don't put it in a certain position, your talent will not be obvious. Finally, you will only be a follower of Shan Ye, or at most a charming and romantic scholar, that's all.
Before joining Liu Bei Group, Pang Tong first served as the hero Cao in Jingzhou. Zhou Yu helped Liu Bei to take Jingzhou, and Pang Tong returned to Zhou Yu because he led the satrap of Nanjun. Zhou Yu died, and Pang Tong sent him to the State of Wu. He made friends with Lu Ji, Gu Shao, Quan Cong and many other Wu celebrities, which won high praise. Liu Bei led Jingzhou and Pang Tong to defend Leiyang, but died in the county and was dismissed. In this case, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms shows Pang Tong's talent incisively and vividly through the plot of Pang Tong's disaster relief and Zhang Fei's personal experience.
In fact, I estimate that Pang Tong is not satisfied with the position of Leiyang county magistrate, and he feels wasted. He has the idea of "how to kill a chicken" in his heart, so he ignores administrative law enforcement and even indulges in "what's in the cup", so he doesn't have to. Since ancient times, high talents are hard to use, and talents need an environment that they can adapt to at any time.
Thanks to Lu Su, who is also in Sun Quan Group, he wrote to Liu Bei frankly and said, "Pang Shiyuan is not talented in a hundred miles. When he is in the middle, he should show his clues." Lu Su knew that it was difficult for Pang Tong, a "great talent", to display his ambition in Jiangdong Sun Shi, so he recommended him to Liu Bei. Zhuge Liang, who was very close to Pang Tong, also talked to Liu Bei, which attracted Liu Bei's attention. As a result, Pang Tong was also appointed as a military commander by Liu Bei.
four
Most people know "Longzhong Dui" and are amazed at Zhuge Liang's strategic vision of "three points of the world". Little imagine, Pang Tong once had a similar statement. According to "Jiuzhou Chunqiu", Pang Tong said to Liu Bei, "Jingzhou is barren and the people are tired. Wu Sun in the east, Cao Zhi in the north, it is difficult to succeed. Now Yizhou is rich and powerful, with a registered permanent residence of one million and four horses. It must be produced without treasure. Now, we can use it to decide big things. " Pang Tong advised Liu Bei to take Yizhou first, and Cao and Sun followed suit. Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang are really "great minds think alike".
Liu Bei relished Pang Tong's suggestion: "This refers to Cao Cao who has a hard time with me. Fuck with urgency, I am wide; Fighting violence with violence, I am benevolent; Fuck with arrogance, I am loyal; Every time it goes against Cao Cao, things can turn into gossip. I don't take anything from those who are treacherous in the world because they are small. " Liu Bei didn't want to go to war with Liu Zhang because of the so-called "treachery". In this regard, Pang Tong remonstrated: "If something happens, we can't make a joint decision. It's uncle Wu's business to attack ignorance with cowardice. Reluctant and obedient, repay kindness with righteousness, and after the matter is settled, seal it as a big country. Why did you lose to the letter? If you don't take it today, it will eventually benefit people. " Pang Tong also gave Liu Bei three strategies: it is the best policy to choose the best soldiers from Yin and attack Chengdu day and night; In the name of returning Jingzhou, Yang Huai and Gao Pei were arrested, and their soldiers made progress and arrived in Chengdu, which was a recruit; Return it, even lead Jingzhou, and Xu will return it for the next policy. Under Pang Tong's persuasion, Liu Bei finally made up his mind to adopt tactics and take Yizhou from the west as his base.
It can be said that before Liu Bei's enterprising Yizhou, Pang Tong's contribution to Liu Bei Group was equal to Zhuge Liang's. The reason why Shu Han finally laid the foundation of the country is due to the contributions of Wei, Wu Ding and Pang Tong.
Since returning to Liu Bei, Pang has been comfortable with Tong Can.
After winning Fucheng (now Mianyang), Liu Bei's men gave a big banquet and bought wine to have fun. Perhaps "Liu Huangshu" drank too much wine and proudly said to Pang Tong, "Today's meeting is enjoyable." Pang Tong replied, "It's fun to attack people's country, but it's not a benevolent soldier." With the strength of wine, Liu Bei was furious and said, "The king of Wu attacked Zhou, singing before the song and dancing after it. Is unkindness evil? If you don't speak properly, get up quickly! " Pang Tong said nothing, "calmly exit". After Pang Tong quit, Liu Bei might wake up and regret it, and immediately send someone to invite "Pang Junshi" back. Pang Tong "calmly entered the arena", slowly returned to his original seat and ate as cool as a cucumber. Liu Bei may be a little strange and ask, "Who lost?" Who was right and who was wrong in our discussion just now? Pang Tong said to him, "Both the monarch and the minister are lost." It means that both of them are at fault. Liu Bei laughed and enjoyed himself as always.
A great dictator of our time once said, "The winner should not be blamed." Why did Pang Tong dare to call a spade a spade in front of Liu Bei who was full of ambition?
"Historical Records of the Prime Minister Chen's Family" quoted: "I am resourceful and forbidden by Taoism." I estimate that Pang Tong plunged himself into a series of "selfish" ideas about Liu Bei, all of which were classified as "conspiracy", so he was ashamed; In addition, both the monarch and the minister have wine on their heads, so there is "the national music of cutting people, and the soldiers who are heartless." Although Liu Bei was "furious" at first, he was able to mend his ways. As the founding king, it is obviously extraordinary.
Unfortunately, nature makes people. Just as Pang Tong was preparing to make great achievements, his life ended completely because of a small vector.
Liu Beijun entered Weizhou County (now Guanghan North) and led the people to attack the city. Captured by Liu Ya, died at the age of 36. Liu Bei was heartbroken, and Zhuge Liang personally bowed down. Since then, he has been named Hou in the customs, and said.
five
Pang Tong ancestral grave, also known as Dragon and Phoenix Temple, is located on the side of Baimaguan in Luojiang County, Deyang City. The ancestral grave was built by Pang Tong on 19 (2 14) after the death of Jian 'an. During the San Francisco Rebellion in the early Qing Dynasty, Wang Pingfan was in chaos in Shu, and the tombs and temples were completely destroyed. In the 30th year of Kangxi (169 1), it was restored, with the existing gate, main hall, pavilions and Qifeng Hall on both sides, and Pang Tong's tomb behind the temple.
When I came to Longfeng Temple, I saw thousands of pines and cypresses. The courtyard of the temple is densely covered with cypresses. According to legend, these two Cooper plants were planted by Zhang Fei and Zhang Yide. There are couplets on the front and side doors. One of them said, "Zhifeng is the first emperor, and Wolong is willing to be the old minister." I don't know who the author is, but the use of the words "Ming" and "Gan" is obviously an afterthought imposed by the author. Not only did he fail to express his sadness, but he also failed to give due evaluation to Pang Tong's achievements in life. These two horse pavilions are built on both sides, one is called Baima Pavilion and the other is called Rouge Pavilion. There is a white horse in Baima Pavilion and a red horse in Rouge Pavilion, based on romance novels and folk stories, symbolizing the change of horses between Liu Bei and Pang Tong. On the stone wall behind the main hall, the biography of Pang inscribed by Chen Shou is actually the biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Pang Tong, which is worth savoring slowly.
The hill where Pang Tong's ancestral grave is located is the last pass from ancient Qin to Shu. It can be said that Yizhou is thousands of miles south, Qinling is locked with 800 clouds in the north, Tongchuan is undulating in the east, and Minshan is wrapped in silver. Temple tombs are three-in-one and four-in-one, with stone and wood structures, simple and honest, solemn and solemn. However, Pang Tong, who was as famous as Zhuge Liang before his death, was so lonely behind him! There are few tourists in the whole ancestral grave except a few ticket sellers and gatekeepers at the gate. I only saw two old roads in Huang Guan. When no one is around, he squints and dozes off. When he sees tourists, one of them will beat his waist drum and sing to the beat. But when you listen carefully, it turns out to be the Sichuan folk song "Long time no see".
As a hero of the founding of the People's Republic of China and a national cultural relic protection unit, Pang Tong's ancestral grave obviously cannot be compared with Wuhou Temple. People can't help feeling: When? Life? A famous calligrapher named He wrote "Hou Pang Tong Temple" at the main entrance, but the word "Temple" actually wrote "Teacher" next to "Yi"!
Wandering around Pang Tong's ancestral grave, I only heard voices, and only found gnats annoying. Through the time and space of 1800 years, everything has gone like water, and it will never return. Only the ancient post road of Jinniu in Qin and Shu, with deep ruts and moss, can be truly called "success or failure". Think of Pang Tong's short and not very brilliant life, I can't help feeling, the poem says:
Stone country is the owner of a newspaper, and only one hand can help the sky.
Three points of Han industry, before a phoenix.
Yizhou soil in the south and Qinling Mountains in the north.
Silent for a thousand years, rustling and white horse biography.