Teaching objectives
1. Compare and read these two articles, understand and accumulate incisive sentences in the articles, and understand the ideas of the articles.
2. Learn the demonstration methods of illustration, truth and metaphor.
3. Understand the benefits of reading and develop good reading habits.
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
Reading has a path. The famous writer Liu has a so-called "wolf reading method", that is, driven by curiosity, rushing to turn the page, quite like "wolfing down"; "Niu-style reading" means not only chewing slowly, but also ruminating, and then grinding it carefully; "Reading cats" means choosing carefully, distinguishing the good from the bad, taking the essence and discarding the dross. Always master the correct reading methods
You can get twice the result with half the effort Today, let's learn two short articles together and see what reading methods Bacon and Ma Nancun taught us.
Second, knowledge combing
(1) Being an author
The author Bacon is a British citizen.
Commenting on English Renaissance essayists and philosophers. British materialist philosopher, founder of experimental science, founder of modern induction and pioneer of logical organization of scientific research procedures.
His representative works include New Tools, Essays and Bacon's Theory of Life.
Author Ma Nancun was originally named Deng Tuo.
Evaluation of proletarian revolutionary fighters, contemporary outstanding journalists, political commentators, historians, poets and essayists, he is also a collector of calligraphy and painting.
His representative works are Yanshan Nighttalk, Deng Tuo's Prose, Deng Tuo's Collected Works and Deng Tuo's Poems.
(B) Vocabulary accumulation
1, keywords
Clear up (yí) obstruction (zhì) treachery (xiá) explanation (chàn) clearance (hu) arrogance (wàng).
2. Polysyllabic words
(Hao) love (nàn) cross-examine (jiao) melodramatic.
It's hard to correct
(h γ o) Good thing (nán) Difficult (ji γ o) Correction
(jiao) tastes like chewing wax (ji).
Chew (jué), chew and untie (jiè).
(jiào) chew back (xiè) to solve the problem.
3. Similar
Debate (biàn) The key to debate (jué)
Distinguish and solve
Discussion on distillation and distillation
Slip (Li) and slip (Jie) are all hard.
4. Keywords
Make a person happy.
[Fucai] Color. This refers to adding luster to words.
A pedant is a pedantic scholar.
[heckled] heckled, embarrassed.
[stagnation] is not smooth.
Decorate the text with literary talent and algae decoration 】 【 to make it rich in literary talent.
[picky] deliberately find fault and find the wrong one.
Talk a lot [talk a lot].
[Search chapters, extract sentences] Search and extract words and phrases from articles. Refers to the interpretation of words when reading.
Like eating wax, it has no taste at all. Describe writing an article or talking as boring as ditch water.
【 No solution 】 Only approximate, not thorough understanding. Often refers to the study or research is not serious and in-depth. Very, very, very
5. Discrimination of words
sly/tricky
"Cunning" means cunning; "Cunning" means crafty and untrustworthy. "Cunning" means scheming, dishonesty and playing tricks, because he is as cunning as a fox. Cunning, clever and cunning, because he is a cunning and difficult person. They are all derogatory terms. Cunning is a classical word in China.
(3) Key sentences
Reading makes a full man, discussion makes a witty man and writing makes an accurate man.
Take "reading", "discussion" and "composition" as examples respectively.
Fourth, the goal of learning guidance
Goal-oriented learning 1: clear your mind and grasp your point of view.
1. What did the author talk about reading?
The author mainly talks from three aspects.
The first aspect (from the beginning to "all by observation"): explain the correct purpose of reading.
(1) First of all, it's certain that reading has three different purposes: pleasure, happiness and learning.
(2) Three reading deviations are pointed out on the back: laziness, correction and pedantry.
The second aspect (from "don't deliberately question the author when reading" to "ignorance shows knowledge"): explain the reading methods.
The third aspect ("reading history makes people wise" in the end): it is expounded that reading can shape people's character and make up for various mental defects.
2. "Talking about Reading" says that "books can be tasted and swallowed, otherwise, the refining of books is like the distillation of water, which has the same taste.
Chew wax. "What are the main contents of these words? What is the method of argument? What is the expression?
This paper mainly introduces three specific reading methods, namely browsing method, intensive reading method and abstract method. "Just like water after distillation, taste the same.
Chewing wax "is demonstrated by metaphor. Very vivid instructions are easy to lose a lot of essence after refining, and the knowledge, information and value that readers can obtain will be reduced and reduced.
3. What is the rebuttal in the article "Not Seeking Extraordinary Solutions"? What is the author's opinion?
Refutation: It is not good to ask for any solution. Author's point of view: Blind opposition to making something out of nothing.
There is no good reason for the solution.
4. Tao Yuanming's reading attitude is analyzed in the article "Without seeking a very good solution". Please point out the two meanings of "without seeking a very good solution".
Attitude: form the habit of "reading well"; The key to reading is knowledge. Meaning: First, be humble, book.
Not everyone can understand it; Second, reading methods: don't be opinionated, but understand the main idea.
5. Is the article "Not Seeking Extraordinary Solutions" a refutation or a topic? How is it refuted or established? Talk about your understanding.
Refute the paper. Refutation is "argument" Firstly, the meaning of "not seeking solution" is comprehensively expounded, and then an open-minded "no" is advocated.
Seeking solutions "reading attitude, thus showing their views; From the perspective of "knowledge", this paper lists examples of ancient people's reading and expounds their correct arguments: reading means knowing, don't just pick words and abandon the whole for part; Finally, the idea that "books must be read repeatedly" is emphasized. In this way, we can refute the enemy theory by establishing our own correct views.
Goal-oriented learning 2: methods of analyzing texts and presentations.
Read through the text and talk about the argumentation methods used in the two articles according to the content of the text.
Talking about reading: (1) Use metaphor to demonstrate. For example, use "cover natural talents such as natural flowers and plants, and then study"
Know how to prune and transplant "to illustrate the role of reading in human talent. This article is vivid and easy to understand. (2) Using comparative argument. Say it positively, then say it negatively, and make the reasoning more comprehensive and powerful. For example, at the beginning of the article, the purpose of reading is discussed positively, and then the three major deviations of reading are discussed negatively.
Don't ask for an answer: (1) Use a citation argument. Quote Tao Yuanming, "Good reading, not asking for a solution;" Every time I know something, I will forget to eat happily ",which leads to topics, analysis and arguments; Quote Lu Xiangshan's quotation, emphasize not to lose big because of small things, and demonstrate again that "you don't ask for a good solution" (2) demonstrate with examples. Taking plekhanov as an example, this paper demonstrates from the opposite side that reading must be modest, not blindly choosing words, but understanding its spiritual essence. Taking Zhuge Liang as an example, it proves that there were scholars who didn't ask for much understanding in ancient times. (3) Using comparative argument. Plekhanov and Zhuge Liang are in positive and negative contrast.
Goal-oriented Learning III: Comparative Reading and Taste Exploration
What are the similarities and differences in content and writing between "Talking about Reading" and "Not Seeking Very Understanding"?
Both compositions are argumentative, with similarities in ideological content, both of which are about reading; In writing.
Different, one is to make arguments and essays; One is refutation and essays. The article "Talking about Reading" adopts the method of analogy and induction, and discusses the real purpose, correct method and important function of reading. The exposition is comprehensive, the viewpoint is novel, and the language is incisive, which has a certain guiding role in our reading, study and life. "Not Seeking Very Understanding" expounds the two meanings of Tao Yuanming's "not seeking very understanding", and on this basis refutes the view of denying "not seeking very understanding", pointing out that the key to reading lies in knowing, reading modestly, and reading important books repeatedly to truly understand its essence, thus giving readers some deep enlightenment in reading methods.
Goal-oriented learning 4: Speak freely and express your feelings.
What do you know about reading through the study of two short passages? Talk about your opinion.
For example: read carefully, think carefully, oppose deliberate criticism, be superstitious about books, and be limited to words.
Different books should be read in different ways. Advocate the combination of reading with discussion, composition and taking notes.
Basic accumulation
1. All the following words are correct-Item (c)
A. refining nylon, forgetting to chew words happily.
B. I'm constantly looking for chapters and sentences of death bath decoration.
C. trim your feelings, be arrogant, and lose big because of small.
D. it is beneficial to open the book with a global affectation.
Analysis] The "ethics" in item A should be "ethics"; In item B, "bath decoration" should be "algae decoration", and in item D, "overall planning" and "literary talent" should be "literary talent".
2. One word added in the following sentence is (b)
A. the space work is meticulous and serious, and even nitpicking is not too much. B.when faced with delicious food, we often feel like chewing wax. Is the material life too rich for us to choose, or is our taste numb?
C. It is a waste to read some books by "reading carefully and thinking carefully" as long as you don't want to know much.
D. Science and technology workers are not theorists who talk loudly, but "doers" who are down to earth.
[Analysis] "Taste is the same as chewing wax" means that writing an article or speaking is boring, and it is not satisfactory to use it here.
3. What is not wrong in the following sentence is (b)
A Recently, students studying in China from 20 countries along the Belt and Road Initiative selected four new inventions of China: high-speed rail, online shopping, Alipay and bicycle enjoyment.
B some parents bought their children a multifunctional telephone watch, which is an electronic device with two-way communication, accurate positioning and waterproof function.
C. the real reader is the process of enjoying these achievements to the maximum through reading.
D. Whether a person can become a real scholar depends on his developing good reading habits in adolescence.
[Resolution] Item B is incomplete, so "it" should be added before "it is a kind", item C is not properly matched, and "process" should be deleted, while item D has two sides, and "whether" should be deleted.
reading comprehension
(1) Read paragraph +0-6 of "Do not seek extraordinary solution" and complete the problem.
4. What is the argument refuted by the author?
I don't want to solve any problems. .
5. Please briefly analyze the discussion points in the paragraph.
First of all, put forward the point of this passage: the key to reading is knowledge; Then it discusses the benefits of good reading through positive and negative contrast (positive and negative contrast can also be discussed separately). Finally, taking Tao Yuanming as an example, this paper further discusses that the key to reading lies in the viewpoint of knowledge.
6. Read the first paragraph and summarize the two meanings of Dont Ask For Help's solution.
The attitude of reading should be modest, not conceited (modest reading attitude); Don't be stubborn in reading, be coherent and understand the main idea.
7. What demonstration method is used in the paragraph? What's the role?
Give examples to demonstrate and compare (answer only one point). Zhuge Liang's example of "taking care of the overall situation" (not seeking for a solution) has made greater achievements than Xu Shu and others' "being an official", which strongly proves that there is no sufficient reason for blindly opposing the attitude of not seeking for a solution.
8. Do you agree with the author's reading concept of "not seeking more knowledge"? Why?
Agreed. It is impossible to read all the books at once, especially the important classics: read coherently, understand the main idea (without great understanding), and read carefully and repeatedly to truly understand: disagree. Reading should know not only what it is, but also why. Seeking a good prescription is actually intensive reading, emphasizing thorough reading, which is also a reading method: the above two reading methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In the process of reading, we should flexibly use the reading methods of "seeking the optimal solution" and "not seeking the optimal solution", because people vary from time to time and books vary according to needs.
(2) Read the following article and complete the question.
Nourish the soul of the times with culture
Li Hongxing
On the first day of 20xx, many people walked into the National Library to see the real contents of Sikuquanshu. After the visit, I took a page of copybook and sat in the exhibition hall to copy the contents of the book page by page. The cultural envelope is opened in such an experience that readers view the four treasures of literature and copy the classics.
The distance between readers, audiences and classics is getting closer and closer. As a result, the official opened the picture scroll of A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains, and the China Art Museum displayed Xu Beihong's "Running Horse Map" and "War Horse Map" in different venues, and exhibited them in an appropriate way, which became a cultural choice as * * *. Among the flowers, people feel that the classics that have crossed the Millennium and Wan Li exude refreshing cultural fragrance.
Hiding is to save and to live. This biography is not only for future generations, but also for everyone. Whether it is a historical relic or a classic text, the most precious thing is its historical and cultural value. If it can't be appreciated, studied and passed on by more people, it will be difficult to realize value spillover, let alone value appreciation.
At present, our cultural vision is constantly opening up, but the openness of cultural relics still needs to be improved. Some places, as historical sites, have long been guarded by iron generals in the name of protection; Some cultural relics are hidden by some units for fear of losing the right to start research. An open culture has greater radiation. Just like the Palace Museum, the opening area is getting bigger and bigger, more and more cultural relics are on display, and the forms of cultural creation are getting richer and richer. Only by moving from the world of architecture to the world can we cultivate real cultural self-confidence.
Facing the treasures of civilization and the crystallization of culture, people will have a feeling of talking with time and shaking hands with history. Let modern people have more opportunities to contact and feel these treasures of civilization, which is conducive to the formation of their own cultural concepts and aesthetic tastes, and is conducive to nourishing the hearts of the times. Isn't this necessary for a better life and all-round development? Only by really pushing open the door of culture and letting more people walk in can we appreciate the beauty and beauty of the new era.
9. Please briefly summarize the degree of discussion in paragraph.
Firstly, the view that the openness of cultural relics still needs to be improved is put forward. Then, it demonstrates the importance of opening cultural relics from both positive and negative aspects. Finally, it is pointed out that the opening of cultural relics (from the world of museums to the world of dry goods) can cultivate real cultural self-confidence.
10. What demonstration method was used in the first paragraph? What's the role?
Demonstrate with examples. It strongly shows that readers and audiences are getting closer and closer to classics.
1 1. Please explain the meaning of beauty and * * * in the last paragraph in full.
Feel the fragrance of culture and nourish the soul of the times; Realize value added; Cultivate cultural self-confidence; Form cultural concepts and aesthetic tastes; Development is more comprehensive and life is better. (Just answer at four o'clock)
Comprehensive learning
During the period of "12.23 April", your school carried out the practice of storytelling with the theme of "Let's read a lifestyle". Please complete the following tasks according to your requirements.
(1) The class held a "parent-child reading" activity, and invited parents and children to read a classic together, but your parents were too busy to finish reading it and saw him or her brushing WeChat. Please write a few words of advice. (About 60 words)
Example: Mom, I know you are busy, but you can read books in your spare time. I have read a lot and look forward to sharing my reading experience with you!
(2) After the activity, some students wrote two sentences about reading comprehension. Please take this as an example and write a sentence to express your reading experience. Reading is to visit the home of the wise, which can broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge; Reading is the makeup of life, which can enrich oneself and change temperament.
For example, reading is to start a journey, but if you can, you can gain wisdom, which can be measured in Europe. To buy the value of governing the country, reading is to have wisdom and practice mind with noble people; Reading is to meet a better self, to regain self-confidence and improve yourself.
Zhenti experience
(Suizhou) One of the following sentences is (a)
"Zhongke Cup" National Software Design Competition is a public welfare scientific and technological activity for all students in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
B China's Ministry of Defence said that China did not steal the advanced weapons design of the US military, and the relevant reports in the United States underestimated the wisdom of the people of China and the security of the Pentagon.
C Mo Yan's winning the Nobel Prize in Literature aroused the public's enthusiasm for contemporary literature, and also stimulated the discussion of related issues in the critics.
D. With the joint efforts of all parties, the problems faced by left-behind children such as lack of family ties, life care, education supervision and safety protection have been alleviated to some extent, but they have not been fundamentally solved.