Tongguang Thirteen Wonders of Famous Actors refers to a famous colorful portrait painting of famous actors in costumes in the history of Peking Opera. This picture was painted by Shen Rongpu, a folk painter in the late Qing Dynasty.
Introduction to the work
"Thirteen Unique Characters of Tongguang Famous Actors", the artist chose the form of the opera character paintings of "Thirteen Unique Characters of Beijing Opera" painted by the painter He Shikui in the mid-Qing Dynasty. Thirteen actors who were famous on the Peking Opera stage during the Tongzhi and Guangxu years used meticulous brushwork and heavy colors to paint the characters they played, making each of them lifelike, showing the profound skill of the painter.
The appearance of this painting coincided with the historical period when Peking Opera was in its heyday. It is an extremely valuable document for understanding the appearance, costumes of the actors at that time and the style of the previous artists.
Content of the work
Now we will introduce the actors and the roles they played in "Tongguang Thirteen Jue" according to their roles: raw, dandy and ugly:
< p>1. Cheng Changgeng (third from left in the front row) plays Lu Su in "The Meeting of Heroes".Cheng Changgeng (1811～1880), whose birth name was Cheng Wenxi, also had the courtesy name Yushan, the nickname Rongchun, and the nickname Changgeng. His ancestral home is Chengjiajing, Hezhen Township, Qianshan County, Anhui Province. He is the 51st generation descendant of the Cheng family. He was born on the seventh day of the tenth day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar in the 16th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. He came to Beijing during the Daoguang period and lived in Xuannan Shitou Hutong and Baishun Hutong successively. After gaining fame, his residence was named "Sizhentang". During the Tongzhi and Guangxu years, he was in charge of Sanqing Ban, and his colleagues respected him as the "big boss". He is an old student of Gongwenwu and has a profound knowledge. He can perform more than 300 plays. He is good at "The Gathering of Heroes", "Zhentanzhou", "Eight Hammers", "Battle of Changsha", "Huarong Road", "Battle of Taiping" and "Taking Chengdu". , "Dragon and Tiger Fighting", "Lifting the Cauldron to View Paintings", "Wenzhao Pass", "Catch and Release the Cao", "Yuchang Sword", etc., and can also be used as the painted face "Bai Liang Pass" Wei Chigong and so on. Together with Yu Sansheng from the Chuntai Troupe and Zhang Erkui from the Sixth Troupe, he is the three outstanding talents of the first generation of Peking Opera actors. Although he became famous later than Yu and Zhang Heng, his prestige is extremely high and he ranks first among the "Three Tripods". . He died on the 13th day of the twelfth lunar month in the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty and was buried on the north side of the stone road outside Zhangyimen (today's Guang'anmen). His wife, Mr. Zhuang, had no heirs and adopted two nephews, Zhang Pu as his adopted son and Zhang Hu as his servant. Only Zhang Pu entered the pear garden and worked as a drummer. His wife, Mrs. Ru, had two sons and one daughter. Only the eldest son, Zhang Zunkong, was engaged in art. When he was young, he entered the Xiaorongchun class in Li Tieguai Xiejie. He was ranked in Chunde and was the same as Yang Xiaolou (Chunfu). Ke, that is, Cheng Jixian, a famous niche student in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, was the teacher of Yu Zhenfei and Ye Shenglan.
2. Lu Shengkui (second from right in the front row) plays Zhuge Liang in "The Battle of Beiyuan".
Lu Shengkui (1822~1889), whose ancestral home is in Jiangxi (some say Anhui), was born in a family of officials. He loved opera since childhood and often interacted with people in the theater industry. After failing the exam, he entered the opera theater and performed in the theater for the first time. Cheng Changgeng appreciated him and asked him to join the Sanqing class. After entering the drama industry, he concealed his real name. When Zhang Erkui was at the height of his popularity, he adopted "Shengkui" as his stage name. The Laosheng opera he performs pays attention to plot and drama, and is especially good at Kongming opera, earning the reputation of "living Kongming". Due to his high level of education, he was not only familiar with history books and studied literature, but he also had a thorough knowledge of the theater and was very good at screenwriting. He wrote 36 consecutive scripts of the play "Three Kingdoms" performed by the Sanqing Troupe. "Dragon Formation" and "Famen Temple" (also known as "Xiwu County" or "Cinnabar Well"), which played Xue Rengui's campaign in the East, are also said to have been compiled by Lu. Most of the scripts he wrote throughout his life have been handed down to this day. Because the script is the foundation of an opera, it is called "Lu Taizi". Can be said to be the earliest Peking Opera playwright, Cheng Changgeng's capable assistant, Lu is the adoptive father of the harlequin master Xiao Changhua.
3. Zhang Shengkui (front row, first from left) plays Mo Cheng in "A Handful of Snow".
Zhang Shengkui (date of birth and death unknown), also known as Zhang Kuiguan, is from Beijing and has performed in the Sixi Troupe for many years. His singing has absorbed Yu Sansheng's techniques. Although his voice is not sharp, his singing style is smooth and tortuous. Good at speaking and working. His thoughts are quite emotional, his style is lifelike, and he is good at playing the roles of "old students of the old school" such as loyal ministers and righteous men. Such as Xu Ce in "Running City", Song Shijie in "Four Jinshi", and Zhang Yuanxiu in "Qingfeng Pavilion". He can also act in clown plays, and his performance as Wuji in "Weishui River" was praised by others.
4. Yang Yuelou (first from right in the back row) plays Yang Yanhui in "Silang Visits His Mother".
Yang Yuelou (1844-1890), whose composition name was Jiuxian, changed his name to Jiuchang after he became an artist, with the courtesy name Yuelou. His father, Yang Erxi, was a Wudan actor in the Hui Troupe during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty.
It is said that during the Xianfeng period, Erxi and his son came to Beijing from their hometown Huaining and performed on Tianqiao. They were appreciated by Zhang Erkui of "Zhongshu Hall", so he hired Erxi as a teacher and took Jiuchang as his disciple. Yu Zhenting's father) is his senior brother. Yue Lou has a strong body, a resonant voice, and is capable of both civil and military duties. He has a dignified appearance and is known as the "Heavenly Official". The article is famous for its Kui-pai plays such as "Striking the Golden Branches", "Golden Water Bridge", "Huilong Pigeon" and "Five Thunder Array". The martial arts dramas "Chang Ban Slope", "Evil Tiger Village", "Jiajia Tower", etc. are masterpieces.
He is nicknamed "Yang Monkey" because of his role as the Monkey King Sun Wukong in "An Tian Hui", "Water Curtain Cave" and "Sizhou City". Yang and Yu were Zhang Erkui's right-hand men, and for a time they were known as the "Chinese and Military Masters of Zhongshu Hall". After becoming a teacher in the late Xianfeng years, he rarely performed in Beijing and established his own "Zhonghua Hall" to teach apprenticeships. In the last years of Tongzhi, he went to Shanghai to perform and caused a sensation in Shanghai. After Zhang Erkui passed away, he was invited by Cheng Changgeng to join the Sanqing Class. At the end of the fourth year of Guangxu (AD 1878), at the request of Cheng Changgeng, Yang Yuelou was selected as the Jingzhong Temple (the predecessor of the Liyuan Guild) of the fourth rank. head. After Cheng's death, Yuelou took over as the head of Sanqing Band for 10 years. In November of the 14th year of Guangxu's reign, he was recommended by Zhang Qilin and was elected to the Shengping Administration together with Wang Lengxian. On the first day of June in the 16th year of Guangxu's reign, he died at his residence in Youshun Hutong, Xuannan. He was only 42 years old. When he was dying, he entrusted his brother Tan Xinpei with the hope of carefully cultivating his son Sanyuan (that is, Yang Xiaolou) to become a talent. He asked Sanyuan to worship Tan as his adopted son, and he was ranked according to the family tree and given training. Later, he became a generation of national drama. Grandmaster.
5. Tan Xinpei (front row, first from right) plays Huang Tianba in "Evil Tiger Village".
Tan Xinpei (1847-1917), whose musical name was Jinfu and whose courtesy name was Xinpei, had a high reputation and his residence was named "Yingxiu Hall". His ancestral home is Tianjiawan outside Dadongmen, Jiangxia County, Hubei Province. His father, Tan Zhidao, was an old worker and an old student. Xinpei was his only son, born on the ninth day of March in the 27th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty. At the age of 10, he moved to the capital with his father. At the age of 11, he entered the Xiao Jinkui class to practice martial arts. Later, he was changed into a martial arts student and a civil and military student. He graduated in 1863. At the age of 23, he joined the Sanqing troupe and mainly performed martial arts dramas such as "Shenzhou Lei", "Sanchakou", "White Water Beach" and "Badana". He once played the role of stable boy in "Blue Stone Mountain" alongside Cheng Changgeng, and was appreciated by the "big boss" who appointed him as a martial artist. In the painting "Thirteen Wonders of Tongguang", Tan is the only martial arts actor. It was ten years after Guangxu that he became famous in the theater world as an old student. Cheng Changgeng once predicted: "After my death, Xinpei will become a big phenomenon." Tan Xinpei once studied with Cheng Changgeng and Yu Sansheng, and asked Zhang Erkui, Lu Shengkui, and Wang Jiuling to learn about their skills. Known as the "New Sanding", he became the founder of the Tan School, the first Laosheng school in the history of Peking Opera. On May 25, the 16th year of Guangxu's reign, he, along with Sun Xiuhua, Chen Delin, and Luo Shoushan, were elected to the Shengping Administration and entered the palace. Their stage name in the palace was Tan Jinpei. In 1905, Fengtai Photography Studio shot the "Dingjun Mountain" clip for him at the Tutu Temple in Liulichang. The film became the first black-and-white silent film in the history of Chinese film. EMI Records recorded seven semi-precious stone turntables for him, including "Selling Horses", "Touching the Monument", "Catch and Release Cao", "Son of the Mulberry Garden", "The Story of the Black Pot", "Shilang Visits His Mother" "One piece each, and half a piece each of "Hongyang Cave", "Zhan Taiping", and "Qing Dingzhu". His disciples include Wang Yuefang, Jia Honglin, Liu Xichun, Li Xinfu and Yu Shuyan. He died of illness at 8:00 a.m. on May 15, 1917, at No. 1 Dawailangying Apartment, Xuannei Street, Beijing, at the age of 71. He was buried in Liyuanzhuang Cemetery of Jietai Temple, with "Yingxiu Hall" engraved on the boundary stake. Today, Tanmen has been a pear garden family for seven generations.
6. Xu Xiaoxiang (the one in the middle) plays Zhou Yu in "The Meeting of Heroes".
Xu Xiaoxiang (1832~1912), whose original name was Xin, also known as Xin, with the courtesy name Xinyi, and the nickname Diexian. His residence was named "Wendetang", located in Lanying, Xiao'an, Xuannan, and later changed to "Xiuyuntang". Therefore, he is known as the "Master of Xiuyun", and Xiaoxiang is his stage name, sometimes also written as "Xiaoxiang". His ancestral home is Changzhou, Jiangsu. He was born in Wuxian County, Suzhou on the tenth day of the eleventh year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty. He lived in Beijing with his father (a Langguan of a certain Qing Dynasty) since he was a child. He loved niche art and was a private lover of Cao Meixian. After his father passed away, he studied under the Pan family of "Yin Xiu Tang". After completing his master's degree, he first joined the Sixi class and later the Sanqing class. He is capable of many plays, including Kun Luan, who is capable of both civil and martial arts. Because of his gorgeous appearance, he does not play "poor life".
He is good at "Picking up Paintings and Calling Paintings", "Dreams", "Qiao Jing", "Odd Double Club", "Viewing Paintings with a Cauldron", "Spring in the Yutang", "Shi Xiu Visits the Village", "Eight Hammers", "Yaguan Tower", "Qi Bu Wen Tan", "Shooting a Halberd at the Gate", "Luo Cheng Calls the Pass", "Jiujiu Order", "Xiao Gan Tian", "Borrowing Zhao Yun", "Zhen Tanzhou", "Take Nan County" Among others, he collaborated with Cheng Changgeng, Lu Shengkui, Yang Yuelou and others to perform in the drama "Three Kingdoms". His role as Zhou Yu was his specialty, and he was known as the "Living Gongjin". In the third year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1877 AD), he sold his property and returned south to Suzhou to rest in peace. According to the "Special Records of Xu Xiaoxiang" written by Cao Xinquan, Wang Yaoqing and others, Xu died in the early years of the Republic of China (some say he died in 1882 or 1902). His younger brother Xu Jin'er, named Yixian, is also a Gong Xiaosheng; his son Xu Ruyun, Gong Kundan and Huashan. Xiaoxiang has many disciples, among whom Cheng Jixian is the most similar.
7. Shi Xiaofu (third from right in the front row) plays Luo Fu in "The Mulberry Garden Party".
Shi Xiaofu (1846～1900), whose original name was Qing, also known as Xiaofu, also named Qinxiang and Renzhi, was given the nickname Zanqing and his nickname was Aqing. The residence is named "Qichuntang", located in Xuannan Zhumao Hutong (today's Zhumao Hutong). He also lived in Baishun Hutong. His ancestral home is Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. He was born on the ninth day of September in the 26th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty. When she was 12 years old, she came to Beijing with her parents and later entered the "Chun Fu Tang" of Zheng Xiulan, a famous dancer in the Sixi Troupe, and learned Kundan and Huang Qingyi from Xu Afu. Her voice is euphemistic and loud, and her singing style is full of charm. She is known as "the best Qingyi in the world". He is capable of many plays and was once famous for his work "Sanniang Guozi". His co-starring role in "Second Entering the Palace" with Sun Juxian and Mu Fengshan was unparalleled. He can also perform in niche plays such as "Xiao Gan Tian", "Yanmen Pass", "Striking the Golden Bough", etc. He often performs in various classes of Chuntai, Sixi and Sanqing. Once upon a time, Mei Qiaoling took charge of the Sixth Class. On February 15, the twelfth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, he was elected to the Shengping Administration together with Sun Juxian, Li Yanyun and Li Lianzhong. As a female actor, he was appointed as the head of Jingzhong Temple. After middle age, Yu Yi deliberately taught disciples, and he had many disciples, all of whom were ranked with the word "immortal". The famous ones include Zhang Yunxian, Zhang Zixian, Wu Lingxian, Wu Aixian, Chen Nixian, Chen Tongxian, Wang Yixian and Jiang Shunxian. These are the "Eight Immortals". Xiaofu, his former teacher, was also addicted to alcohol, and he drank a lot, so he was known as the "Eight Drunk Immortals". Every year on the Double Ninth Festival, these eight disciples will come to the master's residence to congratulate them, and they are known as the "Eight Immortals Celebrating Birthday". It is said that Xiaofu often drank liquor while acting. In the Gengzi Year, he was bedridden and was harassed and frightened by the Eight-Power Allied Forces. He died of illness in his apartment on May 13th of the lunar calendar and was later buried outside Yongding Gate. His daughter is Chen Delin's successor; his fourth son, Shi Huibao, is a famous old student and a calligrapher in the Liyuan world. He is located on the front of the "Liyuan New Hall" of the "Beijing Liyuan Charity Association" with a slanted cherry title and the words "Liyuan New Building" on the lintel. "Yonggu" is what he wrote, and it still exists today.
8. Mei Qiaoling (second from left in the back row) plays the role of Empress Dowager Xiao in "Yanmen Pass".
Mei Qiaoling (1842～1882), whose original name was Fang, also known as Huixian, also known as Xuefen, also known as Jiaoguo layman, called herself Mei Taoist, her birth name was A Zhao, and her residence was named "Jinghetang". Also known as the master of Jinghe Hall, nicknamed Fat Qiaoling. His ancestral home is Baojiaba, Fenghuang Dun, Taizhou, Jiangsu. He was born on the 21st of the eighth lunar month in the 22nd year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty. Due to his poor family, he adopted the surname Jiang when he was 8 years old and was later trafficked. At the age of 11, he entered the Fusheng Class and learned Kundan and Huang Qingyi from the class leader Yang Sanxi. He also learned arts from Xia Baiyan. Later, she studied Hua Dan with Luo Qiaofu, a famous dancer in the Sixi Troupe. After completing her skills, she immediately stood out and became very popular, so she became the main female actor in the Sixi Troupe. He is good at acting in "Yanmen Pass", "Silang Visits His Mother", "Plum Blossoms", "Boudoir Music", "Pansi Cave", "Proud Fate", "Jade Linglong", "Rouge Tiger", "Huanhua Stream", " "Colorful Pavilion", "Second Entering the Palace", "Sifan", "Hundred Flowers Pavilion", "Small Banquet", "Secret Oath", etc., the theater range is extremely broad. He is a man of integrity and fair in dealing with matters. He was in charge of the Sixth Class in his 30s. He had many disciples, and the most accomplished one was undoubtedly Yu Ziyun. On the seventh day of the eleventh lunar month in the eighth year of Guangxu's reign, he died of illness at his apartment at No. 45 Litieguai Xiejie (old house number), Xuannan, at the age of 41. His wife is the daughter of Chen Jinque, and they have two sons and two daughters. The eldest son, Mei Yutian, is a famous piano player and has been with Tan Xinpei for many years; When he was 23 years old, he contracted bullous plague and died. His son Mei Lanfang was only 3 years old. Up to Mei Baojiu, it was the fourth generation of the pear garden family.
9. Yu Ziyun (third from left in the back row) plays the role of Wang Baochuan in "Colorful Pavilion".
Yu Ziyun (1855~1899), whose original name was Jinliang, also had the courtesy name Yanfen, nickname Yanfang, nickname Zhaoer, and his residence was named "Shengchuntang". He once lived in Xuannan Shitou Hutong and Li Tieguai Xiejie.
His ancestral home is Luotian, Hubei. His father Yu Sansheng, Cheng Changgeng and Zhang Erkui are known as the Laosheng Sandingjia. Ziyun was born on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month in the fifth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty. He came to Beijing with his father when he was young, and entered "Jinghe Hall" to learn Huadan from Mei Qiaoling, and privately copied Hu Xilu's Tsing Yi Opera. His acting skills are extremely wide, and he is especially skilled in rocker skills. During his reign in Tongguang, he was a member of the Sixi Troupe, and was good at performing in "Colorful House Pair", "Three Fives", "Hurrying Three Passes", "Meilong Town", "Plum Blossoms", "Sacrifice to the River", "Yutangchun", "Luhua" "River", "Striking the Golden Branches", "Xiaogan Tian", "Jinshui Bridge", "Second Entering the Palace", "Hong Ni Pass", "Universal Front", etc. Because he was good at the pipa, he performed "Zhaojun Leaving the Fortress" and became famous for playing and singing by himself. Guangxu died of illness in the 25th year of his reign at the age of 45. His son Yu Shuyan is the founder of Yu School Laosheng.
10. Zhu Lianfen (second from right in the back row) plays Chen Miaochang in "The Story of the Hosta: Qin Tiao".
Zhu Lianfen (1836~1884), whose original name was Yanxi, also named Shuizhi, and given the nickname Fushou. His residence was named "Ziyangtang" and was located on Yingying Street in Xuannan. His ancestral home is Yuanhe, Jiangsu. He was born on the 11th day of the twelfth lunar month in Bingshen, the 16th year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty. He is the younger brother of Zhu Fuxi of "Jingchun Hall". He studied Kundan and Pihuang when he was young, and he was especially good at Kunqu Opera. During the Tongzhi period, he entered the Sixi Class and became famous for a while. He is good at acting in "Sifan", "Qin Tiao", "Looking for Dreams", "Send a Fan", "Xiang Liang stabs Liang", "Jinshan Temple", "Three Fears", "Pan Qiu", "Double Worship to the Moon", "Double Moon" "Shahe", "Bao Huan Bao", "Hong Ni Pass", "Little Cowherd", "Cutting the Curtain and Tailoring", etc. He often collaborated with the famous ugly Yang Mingyu, and was famous in the theater circles with Wang Lengxian's "Qi Shuang Hui". And good at calligraphy and painting. His disciples include Chen Delin and others.
11. Hao Lantian (first from left in the back row) plays the role of Kang in "Xinglu Tuanzi".
Hao Lantian (1832~1872) was originally from Anhui and was the grandfather of Wang Yaoqing, the "Tongtian Cult Leader". He was originally an Anhui opera actor. He first studied in Tsing Yi and later became an old student. He is famous for "Borrowing the East Wind". He came to Beijing during the Daoguang and Xianfeng years of the Qing Dynasty. Because he was from the same hometown as Cheng Changgeng, he joined the Sanqing class. His first performance as Kong Ming in "Tianshuiguan" was well received. In Julien's play "Three Kingdoms", he and Lu Shengkui played Kong Ming. Because Lao Dan's singing style was mediocre and his performances were dull and not taken seriously at that time, there was a shortage of Lao Dan actors. Hao changed his own style to Lao Dan, absorbing the strengths of various Lao Dan schools, and blended Lao Sheng's singing into Dan's singing style to create a new Lao Dan style with unique style. , improving the status of Lao Dan profession. All the dramas that the old lady plays are masters, especially "Fishing for Golden Turtles", "Crying Souls on the Road", "Slick Oil Mountain", "Mu Lian Saves His Mother", "Wandering the Six Palaces", "Xu's Mother Scolds Cao", "Encounter with the Empress·Dragon Robe" and other works are the best. She played the role of Taijun She in "Silang Visits His Mother" with Zhang Erkui and Mei Qiaoling, and played Mrs. Wang in "Exploring the Cold Kiln" with Shi Xiaofu. They complemented each other and became famous for a while. His singing is high-pitched and powerful, old and deep. She reads like an old woman. She and Tan Zhidao are both the founders of Lao Dan in Peking Opera. Later scholars Xie Baoyun, Gong Yunfu, etc., among whom Gong was the most outstanding.
12. Liu Gansan (second from left in the front row) plays the country mother in "Visiting Relatives".
Liu Gansan (1817~1894), whose original name was Baoshan, also known as Qiansheng, also named Yunqing and named Zhixuan, lived in Baoshentang, located in Hanjiatan, Xuannan. Because of his high skills, he was often invited by many places. It was common to go to three places in a row. For this reason, he was ridiculed as "rushing three". Not only did he not mind, but he took "Liu driving three" as his stage name. People often call him "Cha San'er", and in his later years, they call him "Lao Cha" or "Cha Gong". His ancestral home is Tianjin, he was born as a fancier, and he is an old student at the beginning. After going to the sea, he went to Beijing to take the Yongsheng Kui Ban, and later entered the Sanqing Ban. He learned from Hao Lantian and often performed in "Jinshui Bridge", "Striking the Golden Branch", "Sanniang Godson", "Mulberry Garden" "Hui", "Wujiapo", "Tianshuiguan" and other Laosheng plays by Zhang Erkui of Yi Zong. Because there were so many famous actors at that time, he changed his name to a clown. After becoming famous, various classes competed to hire him, and he worked in various classes such as Songzhu, Hechun, Chuntai, Sixi, Shuangkui, Chengqing, Jiuhecheng, Shengchunkui, Yongshengkui and so on. He is good at acting in "Old Huang Asks for a Doctor", "The Story of Velvet Flowers", "Liansheng Store", "Eighteen Years of Teasing", "Huazi Gathering Gold", "The Blind Man Wanders the Lantern", "Entering the Marquis' Mansion", "Going to Henan", " There are many repertoires including "The Greedy Huan Bao", "Yi Liang Qi", "Double Shake Club", "Double Sand River", "Hongmen Temple", "Hongluan Jubilee", etc. Particularly fine are the operas of the old lady, such as "Girl's Gift", "Huanhua Stream", "Sheep Transformation", "Picking Up a Jade Bracelet", "Iron Gong Yuan", "Linglong Jade", "Golden Jade Pendant", "Puqiu Mountain" ”, “Si Zhicheng”, etc. His "Visiting Relatives" is well-known in the capital. Every time he performs this play and rides on a real donkey on stage, the whole house will scream. When he entered the inner court to perform this play, he was allowed to lead the donkey into the palace as an exception. His voice is clear and resounding, his mouth is clear and sharp, his performance is cool and humorous, and the characters he plays are all humorous. He often scoffs on stage, mocks the powerful, and criticizes current ills.
He is quite prestigious in the drama circle and was once elected as the head of the Jingzhong Temple. He, Yang Mingyu and Huang Sanxiong are the first generation representatives of Peking Opera clowns. He died of illness on the first day of the seventh lunar month in the 20th year of Guangxu's reign at the age of 77. Most of his disciples were Dan actors, such as Wang Shunfu, Zhang Meiwu, Zhang Zhifang, etc. There was only one buffoon named Luo Baisui (Shoushan).
13. Yang Mingyu (third from right in the back row) plays Min Tianliang in "Sizhicheng".
Yang Mingyu (1815～1894), whose original name was Ajin, also named Lisheng, was nicknamed Mingyu, and his nickname was Wazi. He was ranked No. 3 and was known as "Yang San". His ancestral home is Ganquan County, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. He was born on September 18th of the lunar calendar in the 20th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. He first studied in Kunsheng, but later changed his ugly behavior. After entering Beijing, he worked with Hechun, Shuangkui, Laosong, Zhucheng and Sixi troupes, specializing in Kun Chou. He has profound skills, is excellent in both literature and martial arts, and has a wonderful performance in every play. He has performed in "Stealing Armor", "Questioning", "Visiting the Rat", "Lu Lin", "Shocking the Ugly", "Sweeping the Qin Dynasty", "Xiangliang Liang", "Lost Gold", "Borrowing Boots", " "Playing Flower Drum", "Boat Dang on the Lake", "Si Zhicheng", etc. are all masterpieces. In particular, her co-starring with Cao Chunshan in "Teacher's Song" and "Guai'er" was praised as a double masterpiece; her co-starring with Zhu Lianfen in "Down the Mountain" and "Catch Alive" was well-known for a while. After the Sino-Japanese War, the Qing government signed a treasonous treaty. There was a saying that "Mr. Yang San (Mingyu) is dead without Su Chou, and Mr. Li Er (Hongzhang) is a traitor", which shows its profound influence. He was upright and unscrupulous, and was praised by future generations. "Thirteen Famous Actors in Tongguang" depicts Laosheng, Wu Laosheng, Wusheng, Xiaosheng, Qingyi, Huadan, Laodan and Harlequin. They were representatives of various professions at that time. They were all the founders who made outstanding contributions to the art of Peking Opera. At that time, there were many artists with outstanding net angles, such as He Guishan, Mu Fengshan, Qian Baofeng, Xu Baocheng, Qingchunpu, Huang Runfu, Jin Xiushan, etc. There is no one person in the painting. It is said that the painter was not good at drawing facial makeup. .