How to study better?

First, cultivate your attention in reading. Studies have pointed out that concentration or inattention directly affects the effect of reading. The purpose of reading is to understand the spiritual essence of the book and remember the main contents of the book. To do this, we must concentrate, especially when thinking deeply about the profound meaning of what is said in the book. Therefore, concentration in reading is the premise of understanding and memory. Nothing can be gained by reading casually and absently. When reading textbooks or related reference materials and intensive reading of other books, we must concentrate on reading and combine reading with training attention in order to obtain good learning results. Many famous scholars attach great importance to self-training in this field. When reading, some people often write down notes, special instructions and so on next to some important content. Others use dashes or "!" "?" And "∞" indicate attention. Liang Qichao is a great scholar in modern China. He once warned his students that if they want to learn to read, they should read until the words on the plane of the book can surface. Will the words on the plane of the book float? One of his students is very confused. Many years have passed, and after extensive reading, students let the flat words float out, which means that in the process of reading, they should pay different degrees of attention to the reading materials selectively. Those unimportant words will be let go at a glance, while those important and key words should be given full attention. Even when reading an article, we can pay attention to those most important and key words at once, as if they were different from other words in writing. Liang Qichao's reading method is very effective. Because it can make people immediately grasp the key points and keys of an article. One of the skills to master this reading method is to train your concentration on those keywords. Determine a reading range in advance. When reading, only focus on the most important and critical parts. Over time, every time you read an article, you will find that there is always an important point in the book that floats out effortlessly. Attention is one of the most important factors affecting learning efficiency. It is a non-intellectual factor and plays an important role in students' learning process. Second, Ghent's concentration training. Mr. Ghent is a famous German philosopher. Ghent often uses a centralized method in his study. The way to do this is that when he is studying or meditating in the study, he must stare at the wind vane arrow swinging in the wind on the distant roof through the window. While staring at the rotating wind direction, he unconsciously immersed himself in deep thinking. This method helped him a lot, and many theories in philosophy came up in this way. There seems nothing strange about this method. We scholars also have experience in this field. When our eyes are fixed on a certain point, we are thinking about the problem to be solved or what we read, as if invisibly, our attention is focused and the depth of thinking is enhanced. There is a reason why this practice can produce such good results. When people's eyes stare at a point for a long time, their vision will be narrowed, and those things that are easy to attract you and lead to distraction will also enter their eyes, so the scope of people's consciousness will also be narrowed, thus enabling people to reach the psychological realm of concentration. An accomplished scientist said: Before studying, or when thinking about a problem, he likes to stare at the pine branches outside the window, staring at them intently, and soon he concentrates and unconsciously enters the reverie of learning. This method is very helpful for him to study or think about a problem. Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera, was a child. Mei Lanfang is a master of Peking Opera, the founder of Mei School, and the first of the four famous artists in China. Such a famous Peking Opera master, his plays are respected by China and even the whole world. Even those of us who don't know Peking Opera are fascinated by his acting skills, especially his graceful posture, melodious singing and vivid eyes, which give people beautiful enjoyment and fascinate them. When Mei Lanfang was a child, her family was troubled, her parents died early, her family was precocious and her education was not high. The first enlightenment teacher saw Mei Lanfang, then 8 years old, with a small round face, ordinary appearance, drooping eyelids, glassy eyes and myopia, and felt that the child did not look like a singer. When he was teaching drama, he only taught four sentences in one morning, and he taught them again and again, but the student either forgot the words or sang the wrong tune for these four sentences and didn't sing well once. The gentleman left in a fit of pique and never taught him a lesson again. Mei Lanfang later studied drama hard, learned from others' strengths, and integrated into one, forming his own style. Develop into a plum school. So Mei Lanfang's success is entirely the result of hard work. Master Mei Lanfang said in his 40-year stage career: "I am a clumsy artist, and I don't have enough talent, so I must study hard." Mr. Mei Lanfang has developed from a child with ordinary qualifications to a world-famous artist, and his success deserves our deep consideration. Eyes are the lifeline of actors. How did Mr. Mei Lanfang cure his dull eyes? It's also a bit dramatic. He stood up and recovered. In the past, many people in Beijing loved keeping pigeons, and Mr. Mei Lanfang loved keeping pigeons when he was a child. Pigeon keepers let pigeons out every day. Pigeons fly in the sky. Pigeon keepers observe and command on the ground. They used a long bamboo pole tied with red silk to direct the pigeons to take off. If it is changed to green silk, it is a signal to pigeons. There are many pigeons flying in the sky nearby, and pigeons also have an interesting habit, which is to fly in tandem. If their pigeons are not trained skillfully, they are likely to be abducted by others. Mei Lanfang wants to hold a tall pole in his hand and keep shaking it to signal the pigeons. At the same time, he will raise his head and stare at the pigeons in the sky, trying to distinguish whether there are pigeons mixed into other families. After long-term practice, Mr. Mei Lanfang's drooping eyelids were cured, his dull eyes became flexible and vivid, his eyesight was greatly improved, his arm strength was developed, his attention was easier to concentrate, his efficiency in learning drama was improved, and his thinking ability was enhanced. It is said that people who used to practice archery would hang a small copper coin with a hollow center in the distance and often look at it from a distance to distinguish the hollowness of the copper coin. After a certain period of practice, they practiced observing birds in the sky, tried their best to distinguish the bird's head from the body and other parts, and persisted in training for a long time. As a result, they not only improved their eyesight, but also enhanced their attention. It is said that this is the way to train archers. The reliable way to cultivate attention is to train yourself to concentrate on study or work under various environmental conditions. Once you have determined what you want to do, you will concentrate on it in a planned and purposeful way, and do what you want to do well without the influence and interference of other stimuli. It is said that when President Mao Zedong was young, in order to exercise his attention, he often went to busy downtown areas to study, and was not affected by the surrounding environment. Insist on reading, studying and doing things as opportunities and occasions to exercise attention. Over time, good attention habits gradually formed. Platonov, a psychologist in the former Soviet Union, said: "The best way to become a person with strong attention is that no matter what you do, you can't be careless!"