The starting point for advocating speed reading is to improve teaching efficiency and student quality to meet the needs of the information society. The times are developing rapidly, and fast reading has emerged as the times require. Do you know the emergence and development of speed reading? After the emergence of speed reading, which countries have actively promoted the development of speed reading in the world? Let me introduce to you the development of speed reading at home and abroad.
The development of speed reading abroad
1. The development of speed reading in the United States
After the Second World War, with the development of American economy, technology, and culture With further development, quick reading began to enter the promotion stage. Initially, it was the world-famous Harvard University that launched the first speed reading training class. Driven by it, this kind of training class quickly became popular in universities, middle schools, and primary schools all over the country. The state and various foundations invested in it, gathered a group of experts and scholars to conduct research and promotion, founded schools, published monographs, and established degree, this new discipline quickly flourished.
Now, there are speed reading colleges in the United States that specialize in researching and teaching speed reading, which can award doctoral degrees to learners. Modern computers and multimedia technologies also play a role in speed reading training, making the trained students more capable. The process is more interesting, more colorful, and easier to achieve results.
At present, more than 80% of colleges and universities in the United States offer speed reading courses. Many primary and secondary schools have included speed reading in their teaching plans to enable students to master this efficient learning and working method as early as possible. . It can be seen that the emerging discipline of speed reading has been widely recognized by all walks of life in the United States and has achieved a very high academic status.
The U.S. Congress named the 1990s as the "Brain Decade" and President Bush approved the legislation. Entering the 21st century, the Bush administration found in a social survey that more than half of American children's reading ability failed to reach the passing mark. After realizing the seriousness of the problem, in 2002, President Bush proposed and the US Congress passed a resolution. From 2004 to 2008, the government invested US$5 billion to improve students' reading skills and promote 8- 16-year-olds improve their reading skills extensively. Every child is required to learn to read quickly by the time he reaches third grade. In 2004, the U.S. government allocated US$1 billion to help states develop reading programs; in 2005, the budget increased to US$1.1 billion. This shows how much the world's most powerful country attaches great importance to improving the learning ability of its people.
2. The development of speed reading in Europe
In the UK, the Applied Psychology Research Center of the University of Cambridge introduced the teaching methods of Harvard University and made improvements, using the length of the film to Controlling the display time of reading materials on the screen and using film teaching methods to open adult speed reading training classes have made new developments in this method and promoted it at a greater pace.
In France, the International Speed ??Reading Association was established in Paris in 1966. Many scholars study the nature of reading, the psychological characteristics of reading and the effects of reading from the perspectives of linguistics, psychology, physiology, philosophy and sociology. Optimization problems are used to solve specific problems such as reading design and reading guidance, and to design various training programs for fast reading and fast learning.
In the same year, "Quick Reading Textbook" was designated as a textbook and distributed nationwide. By the 1970s, speed reading had become an independent discipline in France, and it was included in key national scientific research projects. In the early 1980s, France implemented the "creative reading method" in primary schools across the country. Its purpose was to use children's cultural knowledge and their ability to apply knowledge to cultivate their ability to read independently.
3. The development of speed reading in the former Soviet Union
The former Soviet Union was also the first country to conduct research and promotion of speed reading. As early as the 1920s, Lebelis wrote "Introduction to Mental Work", Povarnin wrote "How to Read", Usnov wrote "Improving Spoken and Written Language Skills" and other books, calling on all walks of life to pay attention to Speed ??reading is given adequate attention.
In 1966, two researchers in Odessa, Postolovsky and Semyonov, began to experiment with speed reading methods using a reading accelerator they built themselves.
In 1970, experiments by an experimental group code-named "Quantum-700" showed that people who trained for a certain period of time could increase their reading speed by three times. Later, they trained four to five hundred more people, and most of the learners' reading speed increased two or three times.
Since then, speed reading laboratories and speed reading schools have been established in various parts of the former Soviet Union. They have focused their popularization efforts on primary and secondary schools and included speed reading as a formal course in their teaching plans, achieving fruitful results. .
In 1982, the former Soviet Union held a scientific experimental conference on speed reading in Novokuznesk. More than 200 scientific researchers and teachers from all participating countries and countries attended, and more than 60 people attended. Give a report or give a speech at a meeting. This conference played a huge role in promoting the promotion of speed reading and further developing theoretical research related to it.
4. The development of speed reading in South Korea
The research and promotion of speed reading in European and American countries started very early, using modern means such as machinery, optics, and electronics for teaching. However, The general level of students can only reach a few thousand words per minute, and very few can reach more than 10,000 words. It is Mr. Kim Yong-jin (also translated as Kim Yong-jin), a Korean speed-reading expert, who has pushed the effect of speed reading training to more than 10,000 words per minute and achieved excellent teaching results on a large scale. In South Korea, Jinyongzhen combines the functions of Qigong to strengthen the body and develop wisdom with speed reading, making it even more powerful, and the teaching effect is greatly improved, far exceeding that in Europe and the United States.
The Korean government recognized that the speed reading method was a very valuable achievement and allowed the use of speed reading courses as a teaching subject in the "Private Lessons Act" promulgated in December 1981. On this basis The speed reading academy and speed reading workshops established have also been recognized. The Board of Education also recommended speed reading as a special activity in many primary and secondary schools.
Once teachers obtain the qualification of speed reading lecturer, their salary will increase. For those who become full-time speed reading lecturers, their salary will be twice as high as before. Therefore, people engaged in education, including primary and secondary school teachers, try their best to learn to read quickly.
Not only that, in South Korea, various organizations, whether in politics, military, police, or business circles, all hope to improve learning and work efficiency through speed reading training. Officers who hold speed reading instructor certificates, except In addition to getting skill badges, you can also get special allowances. Therefore, schools teaching speed reading can be found in almost all cities, including dozens in Seoul alone.
In South Korea, the annual "Best Speed ??Reading Contest" plays a huge role in promoting speed reading. About 200 contestants preliminarily selected from all over the country gathered in Seoul to perform in the competition. The competition was broadcast live nationwide by KBS (Korean Broadcasting and Television).
During the competition, rules and standards are formulated according to age levels, and the reading speed and comprehension and memory level are competed. The winner in 1983 was a first-year middle school student. He read 9 books in 60 minutes, totaling 1.14 million words, and understood and memorized more than 60% of the contents in the books.
5. The development of speed reading in Japan
In Japan, speed reading experts Kaguji, Nobuyuki Ashida, Hitoshi Tasaki, Yasumasa Sato and others introduced it from South Korea and the United States respectively. Speed ??reading method, organize groups, open schools, publish special textbooks and supporting audio and video tapes, conduct research and promotion of speed reading, and cultivate speed reading experts who can read 10,000 to 20,000 words per minute.
In order to promote the development of speed reading, the Japan Speed ??Reading Association has also developed speed reading levels similar to Go levels, awarding titles from one to four levels to players who reach different reading speeds. Speed ??reading has become a trend in Japan. The "New Japan Speed ??Reading Association" claims: "Promoting speed reading is the trend of the times." The development of speed reading in China
1. The development of speed reading in Taiwan
In my country, the first people to conduct research and promotion of speed reading were a group of far-sighted scholars from Taiwan Province. . In 1964, American speed reading expert Eligo published an article titled "Speed ??Reading with You" in the English version of the China Post, which attracted the attention of people from all walks of life in Taiwan Province.
Some people in the education field began to study speed reading, some in the press actively promoted speed reading, the publishing industry began to publish books introducing speed reading, and some people imported a batch of "speed reading machines" to the United States for use in speed reading. train. The most influential among them is Mr. Wang Mengshi and his Wang's Speed ??Reading Press. Wang Mengshi graduated from the "Chinese Department of Chinese Culture College" and studied Chinese speed reading under the tutelage of speed reading expert Yan Murong.
After Yan Murong passed away in 1967, Wang Mengshi inherited his system, continued to research and promote speed reading, created a systematic theory, method and system, and trained a large number of speed reading talents for all walks of life. , as of the 1980s, its total number of students had exceeded 100,000.
He also founded Wang's Speed ??Reading Publishing House, which has published more than 10 speed reading textbooks for different audiences. In addition to his own books, there is also "Speed ??Reading" written by his teacher Yan Murong. "Self-Reading Practice Method" and "How to Stimulate Your Speed ??Reading Potential" written by his student Liu Zhenkun are also very influential. He also developed an eye training machine for speed reading training.
Ms. Tan Dashi, the principal of the Taipei Normal College Affiliated Elementary School, began researching and promoting speed reading in 1968. She wrote the book "Teaching Speed ??Reading" and conducted large-scale teaching experiments in her own school.
Her practice has proved that after training, the reading speed of lower primary school students can reach 300 to 400 words per minute, the reading speed of middle school students can reach about 1,000 words per minute, and the reading speed of senior students can reach about 1,000 words per minute. The speed can reach about 2,000 words per minute, and the fastest can reach about 8,000 words per minute. At the Taiwan Provincial Speed ??Reading Teaching Observation Meeting, the school conducted a public demonstration teaching on a scale of 36 classes, which confirmed the possibility and reality of large-scale promotion and popularization of speed reading. Its theoretical and practical significance cannot be underestimated. .
2. The development of speed reading in China
Since the reform and opening up, speed reading has gradually been developed in our country, and the results of research and promotion have become more and more significant. This emerging discipline is being Be recognized and accepted by more and more people.
Speed ??reading has been explored and researched in China for more than ten years.
In 1980, Wang Bingqin translated "Speed ??Reading Method" co-authored by Kuznetsov and Khmorov of the former Soviet Union.
In 1981, the famous linguist and Chinese educator Mr. Zhang Zhigong pointed out: "Today, the ability to read ten lines in one glance and recite words from a glance is no longer a matter for prodigies, but something that everyone can and should have. Reading ability." In the same year, Lu Zhenyi, Huang Shaoliang, Zhang Xueren, Xu Daoming, Zhang Jianmin and others collaborated to translate the monograph "Speed ??Up Your Reading" by Dr. Cutler, president of the American Speed ??Reading Academy. Huang Shaoliang, Lu Zhenyi, Xu Jianmin, Xu Daoming and others compiled "Chinese Quick Reading".
In 1982, Hu Yaobang, who was then the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, pointed out when talking to young cadres: "I believe that the ability and habit of fast reading should be cultivated. There are many books that can be read quickly. The ability to read can be trained. ”
In 1984, Henan Province established the Speed ??Reading Research Association and opened speed reading courses in some schools.
In 1985, the monograph "Speed ??Reading Method" by the former Soviet speed reading experts Kuznetsov and Khmorov was translated by Yang Chunhua and others and published by China Youth Publishing House.
In 1986, Lu Baoyuan published a series of lectures on the speed reading method in the magazine "Chinese Teaching Newsletter". In 1987, "Quick Reading" edited by Lu Zhenyi was published as one of the "Three Fast" (speed reading, fast memory, and fast composition) textbooks sponsored by the Jinzhou Memory Research Association.
In 1988, Japanese speed reading expert Nobuyuki Ashida's "Practical Speed ??Reading Method" was translated by Wu Shuwen and published by Shanghai Culture Publishing House. In the same year, "Efficient Reading Ability Training" was written by Cheng Hanjie, a speed reading expert and special teacher, and published by China Railway Press. Since then, he has successively compiled speed reading textbooks that are integrated with middle school Chinese teaching, and has become a pioneer in combining speed reading with regular middle school Chinese teaching in my country. His scientific research achievements have won many awards.
His proposition that "the reading speed of middle school students must be improved in Chinese teaching" has been included in the current middle school Chinese teaching syllabus. Sichuan Dictionary Publishing House published the "Reading Dictionary" edited by Li Decheng, in which the speed reading method is an important part of the reading method.
Dongtai Normal School in Jiangsu Province also started conducting qigong educational teaching experiments this year, and speed reading is one of the important contents. Later, Xue Feng wrote in an experimental report titled "Developing the Right Brain to Improve Quality": "Test results of reading ability: In October 1990, students in the experimental class began to perform fast reading and memory training in the Qigong functional state. For a period of time Afterwards, the average reading efficiency of the class (reading efficiency = reading speed + comprehension and memory rate) increased from 60.2 words per minute to 689.3 words, an increase of 10.45 times." ("Qigong" magazine, Volume 13, Issue 6, Page 195. )
In 1989, Wang Yanliang and Chen Junjie translated, and Xinhua Publishing House published "The Magical Speed ??Reading and Memory Method" by Japanese speed reading expert Kaguji. In the same year, Hu Xuemei and __ Qiang translated "Efficient Speed ??Reading Method" by American Maners, which was published by Shaanxi People's Publishing House.
In 1990, Japanese speed reading expert Yasumasa Sato's "Speed ??Reading Methods to Make the Brain Agile" was published by Sanlian Bookstore. In the same year, "Super Speed ??Reading" compiled by Zhao Yuan was published by Xueyuan Press. This book mainly referred to "Speed ??Reading" by Japanese speed reading expert Sato Yasumasa and "Amazing Speed ??Reading" edited by Taiwan Province Ai Tianxi. .
In 1991, __ Qiang and Holtronic collaborated to translate the "Speed ??Reading Educational Guide" by American Fran, which was published by Fujian Education Press.
In 1992, Zhejiang Children's Publishing House published "Teaching Speed ??Reading in Primary Schools" by Le Lianzhu, a special teacher from Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province. The book is plainly presented and explains the profound things in a simple way. It contains theoretical tips and experimental citations; it also has teaching examples that are concrete, vivid and fascinating; it also has grade-level training points and objectives, etc. The organized content is relatively detailed and has good readability and practicality.
In the same year, Zhu Mincai translated American Schefter's "Self-taught Speedy Reading Method", which was published by China International Broadcasting Press. "Junior Middle School Level 4 Speed ??Reading Training Method" co-authored by speed reading experts Yan Maoxin, Jiang Ying, and Yi Minghui was also published by Sichuan Children's Publishing House in this year. The characteristic of this training method is that it is synchronized with middle school Chinese teaching, from easy to difficult, from division to integration, step by step, and gradual improvement. It is another useful and relatively successful attempt to formally incorporate speed reading teaching into middle school Chinese teaching. Anhui People's Publishing House also published the book "Efficient Reading" co-authored by Shen Hui and others.
In 1993, Knowledge Publishing House published "Super-Fast Reading Method" edited by Cheng Hanjie and Shi Dingfeng. Its characteristic is that it not only has general speed reading methods, but also has speed reading methods in various styles. Shanxi Education Press also published "Modern Rapid Series Learning Methods" edited by Wang Yuhong and others, in which rapid reading is one of the important contents.
On September 20, 1994 and June 21, 2002, "Guangming Daily" reported on the methods and examples of speed reading shorthand.
In 1995, the simplified Chinese version of "Effectively Exploiting the Brain's Potential" by Tse Ka-on, chairman of the Hong Kong Brain Potential Center, was published by Tong Science Press. The book uses half of its length to explain "effective reading methods", and speed reading is one of its important contents. In the same year, the book "Reading: Quick and Effective Reading Skills" by Japan's Kato Monday was translated by Li Cuiwei, Li Yunan, and Zhu Fulai and published by China Youth Publishing House.
In 1997, Gu Ruirong, Chen Biao, and Xu Jing*** jointly translated "The Revolution of Learning" co-authored by Dryden of New Zealand and Voss of the United States, and it was published by Shanghai Sanlian Bookstore. Speed ??reading is one of the key points of this book.
In 2000, various domestic institutions began to officially try speed reading and shorthand training programs.
In 2003, Leize Educational Speed ??Reading and Shorthand Training Institution was established in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, becoming one of the few institutions in China with significant training and memory effects. It has become the only professional institution in China that allows ordinary students to read at a speed of 10,000 to 30,000 words per minute, and achieve 75% to 90% comprehension and memory after reading once.
Articles related to the development of speed reading:
1. The origin and development of modern speed reading
2. The history of the development of whole-brain speed reading
3. The development of speed reading at home and abroad
4. The definition and principle of speed reading