During the Daoguang period, his father died young, his family wealth declined, and he abandoned the imperial examination. He joined the army when he was young and had a good reputation in the army. He made friends with the general, painter Tang Yifen, anti-British heroes Ge and Zheng. During the period, the words "Da 'an accompanied Ge, Wang Xipeng and Zheng Sanshuai stayed at Haita overnight" were written. With his experience and talent, Zhou Xian later became a respected saint among marine painters.
Jin Wei wrote a biography and said, "Considering that he was ultimately poor, he gave up his career and devoted himself to China's ancient poetry. Calligraphy is vigorous, flowers and birds are superb, just like Bai Yang (Chen Chun), and people are as expensive as archways "; "Under the curtain of Luo Fu, when the British and foreigners were on the side, it was all done by Mr. Wang, and it was pushed as an extraordinary tool for a while."
Du Fu's "Rest Garden" says: "Zhou Cun is broad and carefree, and blends with Yu Tongli. A young talent, he traveled with a pen, then supervised the ship from his uncle's town, and was stationed in Jinjiao to protect the magistrate of a county with meritorious military service. He stayed in Jiangsu and used to be Jinshan County. After making a mistake, he lived in Wu Jun and amused himself with pen and ink. Painting is extremely bitter, but it can be big, fantastic, bold and powerful, and people contend for it. "
In the 28th year of Daoguang (1848), Zhou Xian wrote "Dragon Map of Qianjiang River" and let Ren Xiong draw "Dragon Map of Qianjiang River", remembering that they were watching the tide in Qiantang on August 13th, mourning the flood of water and the influx of refugees. That year, Ren Xiong was 26 years old and Zhou Xian was 28 years old. According to Ren Chuan, Ren Xiong "began to make friends with Qiantang and spent three years in Fanhu Caotang, taking care of the ancient people's fine paintings all day long. If you can't win, you can do it easily and you will win. Night is also a candle, so the painting is getting more and more refined. "
During the reign of Daoguang (1850), he traveled to northern Chu and settled in Wumen. (Biography of Jin Chen You)
In the first year of Xianfeng (185 1), Suzhou Xujiang Bridge was in disrepair for tens of thousands of years, and Zhou Xian called for fund-raising to rebuild it for business travelers. Six months later, I wrote "Reconstruction of Wannian Bridge". (Manuscript of Fanhu Caotang, Volume 1)
At that time, a war broke out in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The postscript of Ding's "Liexian Wine Brand" said: Wei Chang (Ren Xiong) was here and heard about the changes in western Guangdong. He talked to Zhou Zicun about being a soldier in Japan, and he volunteered.
In the second year of Xianfeng (1852), Pu Hua studied painting with fellow countryman and predecessor Zhou Xian, and Zhou Xian's behavior had an influence on Pu Huashen.
In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Zhou Xian unexpectedly led 200 Qingqi, and together with the officers and men led by Wuxian County Magistrate, defeated Zhou Lichun's army of Jiading Knife Club with less troops, won the rank of six products, and rewarded Lan Ling. Xuanbao magistrate of a county, allocated Jiangsu to Zhilifu for promotion, and added Tongzhi title. (Biography of Jin Yuchen)
In the fifth year of Xianfeng, Zhou Xian and Zhou Shifa, commander-in-chief of Jingkou (now Zhenjiang) Navy, refused the Taiping Army. "Ren Chuan" notes: "Seize the Jingkou from the ship and the army, and compete to recruit and buy horses (Ren Xiong). /kloc-When he was 0/8 years old, he and Chen Feng revisited Jiao Shan. The general manager is Duke Zhou, and the deputy manager, Leigong, keeps his mouth shut and values him very much, waiting for the guests above. He wrote two long scrolls of Fanhu Cottage for Zhou Xian, called Unhook and Fanhu Cottage Map, which are masterpieces of silk landscape hand scrolls, with a length of 35.8 cm and a width of 705.4 cm. It's in the Shanghai Museum now.
In the same year, Zhou Xian met with the famous poet Jiang Chunlin. Jiang Chunlin's poem "Couples Changing Nest" quoted a little cloud: "Jiahe Zhou Cunbo, a worker, wrote lyrics and moved to Henghe Bridge in Hangzhou. A few days later, he evaded the troops and crossed the river. He sometimes feels sad to tell this old story. "
Later, Jiang Chunlin wrote another poem "Xixizi Fu" and "Selected Poems for Zhou Cunbo" (Jiang Chunlin's "Poems on Clouds and Waters").
In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), Ren Xiong returned to his hometown.
In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), in April, my dear friend began to get sick, and those who stayed at home remembered the fifth day of the month. In September, I came and began to travel together, looking for old friends and places of interest, and I was in a good mood (Ren Zhuan).
In the same year 10, Ren Xiong was seriously ill and died at home at the age of 35. Zhou Xian wrote a biography of Ren.
Zhou and Ren became close friends, starting with calligraphy and painting, and passed down from generation to generation with poetry and painting. Zhou Xian's inscription is very common in the existing paintings of my dear friend. Zhou Xian wrote a long article for Ren Xiong's 100,000 Atlas (Collection of Works, No.07, 2007).
Xianfeng eight years (1858), Zhou lived in Suzhou, together with,,, and Tao, in Baigong Temple in Huqiu. Tao Qi, Huang Ju, Yun Ni, Chen Yu and Qin Bingwen jointly presented Zhou Xian (Maureen at sea) with the Atlas of Fanhu Caotang.
In September of the same year, he wrote poems for Xianfeng Jinshi and poet Xue Ti.
In June of the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), the Taiping Army conquered Suzhou. Zhou Xian took refuge in Shanghai.
In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), Shanghai Beach "carved the name seal for Zhou Cunbo" and "carved the table seal for Zhou Cunbo to imitate Korea". (Diary of Wu Dazhi's Su Zhai). In the same year, Hu Gongshou wrote "Fanhu Caotang Atlas" for Zhou Xian. Wu Dacheng's Picture Axis of Fanhu Caotang, collected by Shanghai Cultural Relics Store.
In the same year, the "Pinghua Society" of the Shanghai Painting Society was renamed as the Poetry Society, and 24 members were invited, including Gu Chunfu, Zhou Xian, Qian Huian, Baoziliang, Tao, Zhu Mengquan, Zhu Renfeng, Qin Bingwen and Wu Dacheng. (Mo Lin at Sea, Volume III)
In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Gordon and Li Hongzhang recovered Suzhou. Tongzhi for three years (1864), Zhou Xian was appointed as Xinyang Ling and alternate Tongzhi, at the age of 45.
After five years of Tongzhi (1866), he was dismissed and ordered to return to his hometown on the grounds of "seemingly talented and dishonest". Poverty can't return, hidden in Wu city. Unable to buy books, try to borrow books when writing to friends.
Jia Fuyuan said: "After I was dismissed from office, I sold paintings for a living, not important people. His paintings are thick and dense, from Song Like. Work copying. Pay attention to their stories when they are strong, and search the records of government, department, state and county many times. Consult the heritage and work hard to build its door. When I am old and bored, I hope to see my ambition through poetry. "
In the same year, Ren Xun painted Wu Changshuo, and Zhou Xian wrote a poem about Huanxisha.
In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), Ren Yi painted a 48-year-old portrait of Fanhu layman for Zhou Xian, and Zhou Xian wrote a 48-year-old portrait of Tongzhi Ding Mao. Existing Zhejiang Provincial Museum.
In July of the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868), any one of them was the Flower Atlas written by Zhou Xian and deposited in Changshu Cultural Management Committee.
In the same year, Jinshi was recorded in the book of golden plum blossoms collected by Wu. ("Wu Hufan Manuscripts"
In the autumn of the same year, I got together with Hu Yuan, Xu Gu, Yang Borun, Qi Xueqiu, Shimizu Chicheng, Chi, Ge Ji and others to enjoy chrysanthemums. Yang Borun wrote "The Song of the Elegant Collection of Renshoutang", saying that Zhou Xian "It's good to be middle-aged, and it's not bad to be an official." Zhou Yu, a metaphor for Zhou Xian, is known as a gifted scholar in Zhou Xian. (Poems of Nanhu Caotang)
In the same year, Zhou Xian's old friend Jiang Chunlin threw himself into the river at the age of 5 1 year.
In April of the eighth year of Tongzhi, Zhou Xian, a layman in Fanhu, and Wu Yunzhong, the owner of the building, made an example of a rigid bridge in Shanghai. From then on, Fan Li, going back to the building, painting and calligraphy are all decided by Banqiao, that is, the imitation sheet has been posted and there will be no increase or decrease. (Yu Yue's essay on Spring in the Classroom)
Later, Zhou Xian returned to Suzhou from Shanghai and was in poor health. In the painting, he said: "I haven't painted in the hospital for a long time, my hands are stiff and my eyes are dim"; "Occasionally play a bullet, and there is still the breath of Song and Yuan people." During this period, he made friends with Governor Zhang of Jiangsu. The poet Du Fu's "Qi Yuan Zhou Cun Bo Da Ling Ci" records: "I have been in contact with Da Ling for more than 20 years. After his overseas residence, he is adjacent to Zhang Ziqing Humble Administrator's Garden in the west, and he must recruit when reciting scriptures. When I was sick, I sat on a bamboo chair and went to class to talk about Yan Xianghuan. I died a year later. "
In the 13th year of Tongzhi (1874), Zhou Xian wrote Old Cold Map.
In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Zhou Xian died at the age of 56.
Zhou Xian is good at seal cutting, likes to use lettering, and is also a master of epigraphy, which is simple and full of charm.
He has a smooth melody and is good at flute playing. He once got an iron flute. Please wear the word "Dragon Intestine" by Wuyuan Seal Carving Master, which is carved by wind and crisp and melodious. Make another iron flute to match.
Zhou Xian abandoned the imperial examination in his early years, and Danqing entertained himself. In troubled times, he traveled back and forth between the two lakes many times and ran in the military curtain all the year round, aiming at making contributions in troubled times and offering sacrifices to his ancestors. In the end, he made contributions to the counter-insurgency and became an official, but he was dismissed from office. He paints for a living, but his full-time painting time is only ten years, and the number of paintings handed down from generation to generation is not much.
In June of the 24th year of Guangxu (1898), Wu Changshuo inscribed Zhou Xian's posthumous work "Hundred Flowers Atlas", which was collected in Shanghai Museum.
1925, half a century after Zhou Xian's death, Wu Changshuo wrote "The Fragrant Wind has Neighbors" for Zhou Xian's masterpiece "Hua Shou Juan". In the fifth year of Xianfeng, Ren Xiong painted green landscapes for Zhou Xian. Zhou Xian has the title of "Fan Hu Cao Tangji".
Now it's in Shanghai Museum. In the 11th year of Xianfeng, Wu Dacheng wrote "Fan Hu Caotang Figure Axis" for Zhou Xian.
That year, Wu Dacheng was 28 years old and Zhou Xian was 4 1 year old.
Originally hidden in Shanghai cultural relics store. Sun Yuezu, born in Xiao 'an, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. In terms of calligraphy and painting, there is a "Wei Poetry Draft". This was painted by Sun Shi for Zhou Xian.