Originated in the Song Dynasty, the first sentence was "Li Gan", just like the four big families at that time.
As we all know, the Song Dynasty belonged to the Zhao family. It is not difficult to understand that Zhao ranks first among hundreds of surnames, but why can money rank second?
This should start with the flow of funds on thousands of feet.
Liu is regarded as the ancestor of money.
Qian Liu was born in the late Tang Dynasty. In the era of separatist regime, he won the trust of the central authorities with military exploits. He supports Zhejiang and Zhejiang Province, but he disapproves and is arrogant. Is to warn future generations "never be an emperor."
In 902, the Central Committee of the Tang Dynasty made Qian the King of Yue.
Five years later, Zhu Wen usurped the throne, renamed Liang and made Yue.
At this time, his Ministry has suggested that Qian _ refused to seal the title and sent troops to crusade against Zhu Wen.
Qian _ refused to send troops, and made an arrow oath in front of the Ministry to ensure that generations would obey the Central Plains, not split, and protect the people from fighting.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Qian and his successors did not participate in various wars of territorial expansion. Instead, it took "protecting soil and promoting agriculture" as the basic national policy, and paid attention to local governance and economic development, which created a miracle in the most turbulent historical stage of China.
In the Central Plains, the people were in dire straits, but Wu Yueguo ushered in the best period of peaceful development. People in Jiangnan live and work in peace and contentment, and have never been affected by war.
At that time, Wu Yueguo owned two-thirds of the world's wealth. Taking this as a starting point, the Yangtze River Delta has become the richest region in China since 1000, with far-reaching influence.
In 932 AD, Qian warned his son Qian on his deathbed that his descendants should protect wuyue and faithfully serve the Central Plains dynasty. Even if the regime changes, they should not be rude.
Moreover, Qian Liu once said, "People are the foundation of the country. People are expensive, society is second, and those who are free from war are lovers. " He repeatedly taught future generations to do what they can and keep pace with the times. If it is Allah, you should join us as soon as possible.
In this way, Wu Yue-guo experienced three generations and five kings, and when Qian Sun was in power, the trend of Dasong dominating the world was very obvious. Hong Qian sized up the situation, followed the teachings of his ancestors, looked around the world and decided to return the land to the Song Dynasty.
Jiangnan has prospered for thousands of years, which is the foundation laid by three generations of Liu Qian.
In 978 AD, Hong Qian was tied into Beijing with both hands and handed over all the land and people under his jurisdiction to DaSong. In the Song Dynasty, Wu Yueguo was brought into the territory with one soldier and one pawn, thus achieving reunification.
In this regard, Su Shi once praised Qian's achievements in governing Wu Yueguo, saying that "the people put food first and don't know the revolution of the army. They play drums at four o'clock and listen to songs and drums, which have not been abolished so far, and their virtue is very thick for the people. "
Accepting this land voluntarily and returning it to the Song Dynasty also won considerable "political treatment" for the Qian family in the Song Dynasty. Money ranks second among hundreds of surnames, which is the concrete embodiment of this treatment.
What's more, the wheel of history is rolling forward, and how many royal aristocrats in China are mired in mud and crushed into dust. However, the Qian family with Qian Liu as its ancestor can flourish for thousands of years. Especially after modern times, a large number of super-class talents have sprung up and become one of the most dazzling families in China.
What is the reason?
Archway in Hangzhou, Wang Qian.
Historian Xiong Yuezhi has a point, he said:
The traditional regime change in China often uses revolutionary means to directly overthrow the original dynasty in a subversive and discontinuous way. Therefore, members of the royal family often become the targets of eradication, and the resources accumulated by their families are often interrupted and unsustainable. For example, after the Qing Dynasty overthrew the Ming Dynasty, the representative of the Zhu family.
Qianjia is a rare exception. One of the reasons is that the land was returned to the Song Dynasty when the dynasty was changed, and peace was exchanged through reunification. In return, the Zhao and Song regimes took measures to protect the continuation of the Qian family.
This allowed the Qian family to survive at the most dangerous moment.
Another reason is that when Qian was the King of Yue, he appointed his 33 sons to rule the whole of wuyue. Their descendants became the most powerful family in the local area, and then dispersed to various places and developed into a powerful family force.
Qianjia is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. This area is the most developed and prosperous place in China after the Tang Dynasty, and it is also one of the earliest places where China contacted and absorbed western culture after modern times.
There is no doubt that this geographical environment is tantamount to finding a needle in a haystack for the Qian family.
Jiangnan, treasure land, thousands of households help each other.
According to statistics, throughout the Song Dynasty, more than 320 people in Ganjia * * * were admitted to Jinshi. Although these Qian elites have never played an active role in politics, they have made great achievements in academic, cultural, medical and other fields, including many famous people such as Qian Zao and Qian.
Since the Song Dynasty, the Qian family, as the first Tujia script in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries, has successfully realized the transformation from a political family to a cultural family.
After the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, people worshipped the Qian family, not because of its original righteous act of "returning farmland to Song Dynasty", but because the family was full of talents and became a prominent cultural family.
Song people spoke highly of the Qian family. He said, "These rich cultural relics have lasted for 300 years and have never been seen by the previous generation."
The descendants of Qian are not proud of their aristocratic status, but pay more attention to the inheritance of family Chinese talents. The core of this culture, like blood, is passed down, accumulated, circulated and praised by future generations.
In modern times, the Qian family ushered in an era of talent explosion. This millennial family has entered an unprecedented talent harvest period.
Especially in the fields of science and technology, literature and history. The money family is full of talents. Throughout the country, almost no one can match.
Qian Xuesen, the father of China's space flight and China's missile, came from his home in Hangzhou. Qian Weichang, the father of modern mechanics in China, and Qian Sanqiang, the father of atomic bomb in China, are both from Huzhou, Qian Xuesen's hometown.
Qian Yongjian, winner of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, is Qian Xuesen's cousin. Because there are a group of engineers at home, Qian Yongjian calls himself a "molecular engineer". Regarding his career, he said: "I am destined to inherit the family lineage. It seems that I was born to do this kind of work and take this road. "
In addition, the Qian family has produced many academicians of the two academies, which is considered to be the family with the largest number of academicians.
In the field of literature and history, modern money has produced masters such as Qian, Qian Mu, Qian Zhongshu, Qian Zhongshu and Qian Zhongshu.
Qian Shu is an all-rounder and is known as a "living encyclopedia".
As the saying goes: one Nobel Prize, two diplomats, three scientists, four masters of Chinese studies, five vice-chairmen of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and eighteen academicians of the Institute.
It is understood that the Qian family has more than 100 famous academicians of China Academy of Sciences at home and abroad, distributed in more than 50 countries and regions.
In this regard, Qian Zhiren, a descendant of Qian Xuesen, once said that this data could not be verified, but he said that Wuxi Qianjia did have 10 academicians: Qian Mu, Qian Weichang, Qian Lingxi, Qian Yitai, and Gong, an academician of China Institute of Engineering in Jiangyin wallet.
What is even more amazing is that many "father and son" elites have emerged in the Qian family, such as Qian Zhongshu and his son, Qian, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Mu, Qian Xuesen and his son, Qian and so on.
The natural inheritance and high density of small family talents prove to some extent that the prosperity of the Qian family has deeper reasons besides the factors of the times and regions.
Hangzhou Wang Qian Memorial Hall.
In fact, the answer lies in the ancestors and spiritual idols of the Qian family, which has been written.
During Liu's reign, he formulated eight commandments.
"Children and grandchildren are unfilial, unfair and detrimental to family style. They must play drums. "
For thousands of years, Qian's family instructions have always been the criterion of Qian's descendants. In 2000, there was a thousand-year-old secret code of money culture, and talents came forth in large numbers.
Family precepts shape family style, and good family style is the main reason for the prosperity of the Qian family.
Today, we also talk about family style. We understand the importance of a good family style to children's success. However, many people may ignore the relationship between words and deeds: promote a talking person as a family spokesperson, read how noble our family is before the manuscript, and try to express a little hope with some good words and big words. This is our family style.
Is that so?
Absolutely not. Qian Jiaxun was gradually refined and perfected according to the behavior of the ancestors of this family, and then served as the guidance of the whole family's code of conduct, which in turn influenced and reshaped the history of this family.
In other words, the family precepts of money are facts made by people, not their hopes.
Once the family training is implemented, it is called family style. Family style can only be called "family seal" if it is written on paper and ends on the lips. Family seals are just dust.
Qian Jiaxun has only more than 600 words, which is divided into four parts: individual, family, society and country.
Let's first look at how Qian Jiaxun shaped the family history of this first-class family.
"Don't just pursue the interests of a dress. Those who gain the benefits of this world will pursue their benefits. "
This sentence comes from the national seal in Qian Jiaxun. Obviously, this is to educate family members to be useful to the country and society, not for personal interests.
At first, Qian Liu did not participate in the struggle for power and interests in troubled times, nor did he participate in the dispute for territorial expansion. As a dominant political party, he suppressed his and his successors' desire to become emperors. In fact, this is a concrete way to pursue only the interests of the world and not personal interests. I came to Hong Qian to voluntarily accept the return of the land to the Song Dynasty for the same reason: compared with the safety of people all over the world, this is self-evident.
So far, it is reasonable for Jiangnan people to appreciate the kindness of Qian Wang.
In modern times, we can still see that the Qian family has carried out this family motto well. The patriotic action of "Science and Technology San Qian" and the choice of critical moment are the best footnotes.
Qian Sanqiang, who got married in France from 65438 to 0946, studied atomic fission with his wife He. Their published papers caused a great sensation in the international scientific community, and many media called them "China Curies".
But when it was decided that Mr. and Mrs. Qian Sanqiang would stay in Europe to do research and hit the Nobel Prize, they decided to go back to China.
Later, Qian Sanqiang explained their motivation to go home, which was very touching. He said:
When we return to China, which is poor, backward and war-torn, I'm afraid it's hard to make a difference in scientific experiments. However, we know more clearly that although science has no national boundaries, scientists have their motherland. Because the motherland is poor and backward, scientists need to work hard to change her face. At that time, we left our hometown and went overseas to study in Europe. The purpose is to learn today's science and technology, so as to return to serve the motherland. How can we change our original intention? We should go back to our motherland and work together with other scientists to make the new nuclear science take root, blossom and bear fruit in our motherland.
1June, 948, Mr. and Mrs. Qian Sanqiang returned to the motherland after a long absence of 1 1 year, and their children were still in infancy.
A few years later, Qian Xuesen repeated the same choice. When he decided to return to China, was under house arrest and was threatened by the United States, he always expressed his feelings with "I am from China, of course I am loyal to the people of China". After difficulties and obstacles, he returned to the poor motherland without hesitation.
Qian Yonggang, the son of Qian Xuesen, once said that his father never told him to "love the motherland and serve the society when he grows up", but he told himself with practical actions that he should love the motherland, serve the society and serve the people. He is not only devoted to scientific research.
Qian Xuesen, an American, said he was worth five divisions.
"Although children and grandchildren are stupid, poetry and books must be read."
This family motto embodies Qian's tradition of attaching importance to education and is an important guarantee for Qian's success.
When asked, "Why are there so many celebrities in the Qian family?" Qian Weichang once replied half jokingly, "Everyone in our money family likes reading. Reading is easy to be an official, and being an official is easy to be famous. "
In fact, it is true to love reading, but it is false to be an official. The most talented field of the Qian family is the master of literature, history and technology, not the big official. Because of family education of money, family education plays an irreplaceable role in everyone's success.
Qian Jibo, a master of Chinese studies, once told himself that he studied with his eldest brother Qian Jicheng when he was five years old. At the age of 9, he learned some classics, such as family instructions, Four Books, I Ching, Shangshu, Shi Mao, Zhou Li, Book of Rites, Zuo's Biography in the Spring and Autumn Period and so on. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he studied the art of war with his uncle and became familiar with the ancient and Historical Records. /kloc-When he was 0/3 years old, he read Sima Guang's Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties and Bi Yuan's Zi Zhi Tong Jian, and was circled seven times.
How many people can deserve such a solid tutor and basic skills now?
Qian Jibo's son Qian Zhongshu received the same education in his childhood. Therefore, Qian's elders once opposed sending their children to school, saying that their family education level far exceeded the standard of regular schools.
Rich children study hard.
Jiang Yang mentioned in "Continued as a Mirror" that for a period of time, their lives were very poor and there were no books to read at home. Zhong Shu doesn't know where to find Xinhua dictionary to read. I think Jiang Yang just flipped through it. I didn't expect Qian Zhongshu to study for more than half a year.
"The Three of us", Jiang Yang also mentioned a detail. The old couple came to the edge of a hut. Jiang Yang asked Qian Zhongshu if he could give us such a shack. Zhong Shu thought about it and said there were no books.
Qian Weichang's father died early, and many neighbors suggested that Qian Weichang's mother let her son do manual labor early to earn money to support his family. But she said firmly, "No matter how tired I am, I will let my children learn, because our family style and ancient teachings are so necessary." I must leave some seeds for our family to read. "
When talking about the hope for the family's future, Zeng Guofan said: "I don't want to be richer from generation to generation. I want to be more talented from generation to generation. Scholar, the seed of reading, the signboard of family, the banner of etiquette. "
The success of the Qian family stems from this. -there are seeds that can be passed down from generation to generation!
Qian Weichang's memoir "Six Chapters of Cadre School" in his later years.
In fact, the poor children of the Qian family never have to worry about whether to study or not. Since the Song Dynasty, the Qian family has formed an atmosphere of mutual assistance.
This is also related to Qian Jiaxun's warning, which clearly requires:
This family is very rich and has brought a family to help relatives and friends. '
In order to let the poor children of ethnic minorities have books to read, the Qian family in various places set up Yitian, Yizhuang and Yoshida, and clearly stipulated that some industries or profits must be used as education funds. This early "education fund" model ensured that the descendants of money, rich or poor, had the opportunity to receive education.
Huaihai Village, Qifangqiao, Wuxi is a typical example. Qian Mu and his nephew Qian Weichang were able to go to school with the help of Yizhuang.
When Qian Weichang was in junior high school, Qian Mu was already a primary and secondary school teacher. He inherited the teachings of his ancestors, shouldered the heavy responsibility of raising and educating Qian Weichang, and shouldered the expenses of studying in junior high schools, senior high schools and universities in Qian Weichang and the responsibility of life teaching.
In this regard, Qian Weichang said in his book Eighty Reading in his later years, "The example of happy families and old people inspires young people like me. They know how to lead an honest and clean life, work hard, encourage themselves, be open-minded, actively seek knowledge, and be poor and decent. "
Hangzhou, statue of Qian Wang.
Therefore, we should not only see the greatness of this family, but also see the reasons behind it, the support of traditional family style and system design.
As the saying goes: moral heirloom, more than ten generations; Farming and reading heirlooms, followed by; Poetry and calligraphy are handed down from generation to generation, and there are successors; Rich heirloom, but three generations.
As the once ruling royal family, the Qian family did not leave a deep family business and a lot of wealth to future generations, but left a spiritual strength of self-improvement and a moral code of self-cultivation
Who would have thought that these "the stupidest traditions in the world" pushed a family with a population of only two thousandths in China to the peak of history, leaving many wealthy families far behind?