1. Ancient examples of heroes creating the current situation
The current situation creates heroes, and heroes also create the current situation, but it is probably a mistake to only affirm one and deny the other.
(To be honest, many current debates are ridiculous, and both pros and cons are wrong.) What I want to talk about below involves the contradictory theory of philosophy and the theory of evolution in biology, that is, "natural selection, fitness." those who survive”.
You water ghosts need to have some basic knowledge! ! ! ! ! Objectively speaking, the current situation and heroes are factors that influence and promote each other, that is, two contradictory aspects. The current situation is like the environment, and the hero is like the winner of a species (human beings).
However, this case is a bit special. The hero is inherently part of the current situation, that is, there is overlap between the environment and the species. Times make heroes. It means that when the environment (mainly refers to the social environment) is bad, the best human beings (heroes) stand out and become adaptors and winners of the environment.
From an evolutionary point of view, this is a manifestation of species selection and survival of the fittest. Heroes create the situation, which means that the environment (mainly the social environment) is changed due to the activities of outstanding human beings (heroes).
Heroes and current situations are cause and effect, influencing and promoting each other. To give a simple example: There was civil strife within a huge alliance of primitive tribes, and a courageous hero appeared (times make heroes). He put an end to the civil strife and unified the alliance.
(Heroes create the situation) Some people say, what if there is not such a person who is brave enough to unify the alliance. In this case, the situation will evolve into another situation.
Two situations will occur. First, a hero with courage and courage (less than extraordinary courage) appeared, (the times create heroes), he calmed down the civil strife and unified the alliance.
(Heroes create trends). Second, the hero never appears, which is tragic. The extinction of the dinosaurs falls into this category.
The above are purely personal remarks, please let me know if there is any inappropriateness. If we want to debate whether heroes create the situation or the situation creates the hero, I think we must first define a hero. In different eras and periods, the definition of a hero is different.
People may not have a relatively general or defined definition of the meaning of a hero. A hero is just something that exists in our hearts. When it comes to heroes, the first word that comes to our minds is "unafraid". The image of a dangerous, brave and iron-clad good man, but more often than not, upon closer inspection, we will find that in fact, to be called a hero, these words are far from expressing the true connotation of a hero. In my opinion, a hero does not dare to be capable, military, resourceful, or strategic. The more important point is that he sacrifices himself for the sake of the overall situation, or to realize a specific idea, or to sacrifice himself for others and bear what others cannot and cannot bear. something, a mission.
I don’t know if you have watched Zhang Yimou’s movie "Hero", but I watched the second half, and I didn’t need to read the previous part. I saw what Zhang Yimou wanted to express. Zhang Yimou's "Hero" is cruel but shocking.
What is a hero? For the sake of the peace of the people in the world, heroes do not forget family feuds. Family feuds invade them day and night, but they know that they cannot kill Qin Shihuang. It is not that they cannot kill him, but the situation. Make them unable to kill, so they have to die by themselves. They are heroes. Although Qin Shihuang also killed them, I think Zhang Yimou is also a hero because he was an emperor and had no choice but to kill them.
What is a hero. The hero I like and admire is the hero in Zhang Yimou's "Hero" - one of the male protagonists who had a grudge against Qin Shi Huang for killing his father but did not kill Qin Shi Huang in the end.
This is where heroes create the current situation. If Qin Shihuang is killed, then the current situation will be different and history will be rewritten. In Chinese history, the era of war that we are most familiar with is the Three Kingdoms. The times of the Three Kingdoms "created" many heroes. In times of war, there will always be someone who comes forward. It's either Zhuge Liang or Zhang San, Zhou Yu or Li Si, anyway. There is someone.
The waves behind the Yangtze River push the waves ahead. When the previous heroes disappear, there will be newcomers to fill in. Therefore, I think the definition of the word hero is very important.
Heroes may only refer to influential figures in a specific period, or to people who have had an impact on a certain era. If a hero is just a title and has no impact on the current situation, it is not enough to be called a hero. If you are a hero, you can grasp the overall situation. If you are a hero, you can make decisions for thousands of miles and have the best strategy.
"The "Gui Yin" chapter of "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" made me know the importance of "cause". Only by adapting to the current situation and adapting to the situation can we be invincible in the world."
Regarding the large section of ancient prose above, it seems cumbersome and laborious, so I stopped reading it. Let’s start here.
If we follow Marx's theory that internal factors determine external factors, and external factors react on internal factors, "according to the current situation, and following the current situation" cannot be invincible in the world, because the current situation and the situation are only external causes, and Internal factors are the decisive factor. "Think of "potential" again.
There is a metaphor that says that a stone placed on flat ground has no power because the "potential" has not been formed. However, if it is placed on a high mountain, it will With the "potential", once it rolls down, its power cannot be underestimated, because the "potential" has become ""
Speaking of potential, I will give a very inappropriate analogy, if the stone is on a high mountain. It did not roll down, even though it gained momentum on the high mountain, it still stood tall. The hero failed.
Even if a big stone is on flat ground, its power cannot be underestimated even if it moves slightly, and it may even make you unable to dodge. This is not the case with small stones. Because of their weak strength, even if a small stone rolls to your feet, you can still survive. Kick it away. Timing and timing are favorable conditions for becoming a hero, not inevitable conditions.
It is a hero's duty to adapt to the current situation. But it doesn't mean that a hero can be created with the current situation.
Heroes can use their own wisdom to create the situation. In modern Chinese history, Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek can be said to have been the situation that created the conditions for them to become "heroes", but the most important thing is that they created history. Created a trend.
This is the general situation. From a small perspective, take a company as an example. The company is the platform, the leader is the hero, and the sum total within the company is the current situation. The leader has the "ability" to create the current situation, and is a "hero".
If a person is a "hero", then he can grasp the situation and act at the right time. Creating a situation in the company is also a trend within the company. 2. Times make heroes. Faced with the heroic feats of "The Five Heroes of Langya Mountain", I thought of————
Sacrificing one's life in a national disaster, seeing death as a sudden return.
Sacrifice: Sacrifice your life. Donate: give up. Body: body.
"To sacrifice one's life in a national calamity and regard one's death as returning home" means to go to a national calamity with the determination to die for the country and for justice, and to regard death as if it were a return home. It shows the patriotic spirit and lofty thoughts of sacrificing one's life for the country and disregarding death.
"Saving one's life to go to the national disaster, seeing one's death as if one were returning home" comes from Cao Zhi's "The White Horse" of the Three Kingdoms. It describes the heroic behavior of the frontier rangers who sacrificed their lives in the disaster and risked their own lives in a tortuous and touching plot, and created a man with superb martial arts in the border area. , the image of the young knight-errant who is eager to defend the country and even sacrifice his life expresses the poet's strong desire to make contributions.
Extended information:
1. Appreciation of Cao Zhi's "White Horse":
The first two sentences depict a galloping horse rushing to the northwest with a strange police flying pen. The figure of the hero on the battlefield shows the urgency of the military situation and tugs at the heartstrings of the readers; then it starts with "asking for questions" and narrates the hero's origins in elaborative words to explain what kind of heroic image he is; the six sentences of "Border Town" are far away. Continuing from the beginning of the chapter, it explains in detail the reasons for the "Northwest March" and the courage to fight against the enemy.
The last eight sentences show the lofty spiritual state of the hero who sacrificed his life for the country and regarded death as home. The whole poem has a majestic style, a warm atmosphere, and exquisite language. It can be said to be both emotional and emotional. The heroic image in the poem is not only the poet's self-portrait, but also condenses and shines the glory of the times.
2. Appreciation of "Saving one's life to go to the national disaster, seeing death as a sudden return" in "The White Horse":
"Abandoning one's life at the edge of the edge, can one's life be safe? Don't care about your parents, He said that his son and his wife were well-known, and they were not allowed to sacrifice their lives for national disasters. "The reason why the knight can defeat the enemy is not only because of his superb martial arts, but also because of his superior skills. Yes, but also because of his noble ideological and moral character.
The combination of this ideological and moral character with his superb martial arts makes the image of this hero flesh and blood, lifelike, and deeply impressive.
Baidu Encyclopedia - White Horse Chapter
Baidu Encyclopedia - Sacrificing one's life to go to the national disaster, seeing death as if one were returning home 3. Arguments about heroes creating the current situation
The current situation creates the most heroes The key thing is the nature of "hero". If one party does not grasp the concept of "hero" accurately, it will easily fail.
The definition of hero in the dictionary is very simple, but in our real life sometimes traitors are also regarded as "heroes" in certain eras. In fact, the concept of "hero" generally accepted in our society is because People with outstanding charisma, such as Li Shimin, were unparalleled in both civil and martial arts at the time. He loved his subjects and always first considered the country and the people when doing things. He was strict with himself and had a very strong charisma. But some people do something that seems to be heroic, such as Qin Shihuang and Emperor Yang of Sui mentioned in the defense posted above. It is because they themselves have done something that seems to be heroic, but they do these things. Is it out of a great heroic spirit that benefits the people? In my opinion, it is to satisfy personal desires and show off one's wealth and force.
How can you be considered a hero? For example, you pushed a classmate down out of spite to show your strength, but a car happened to drive over, and the classmate was pushed down by you but was not hit by the car. Can this mean that you are a kind person? Maybe the original poster will understand at this point. If your point of view is that times make heroes, you should stick to the idea that heroes are people who accomplish heroic things. Try to give positive examples - for example, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was a hero because the world had been in chaos for many years and society needed it. It was stable, and so many outstanding ministers suddenly appeared at that time, which was not available in other dynasties.
Many people with charming personalities have the conditions to become heroes. For example, Wang Bo, Li Bai, Du Fu, and Fan Zhongyan are all models of virtue, talent, and concern for the country and the people. They have heroic temperament, but He can only make some achievements in poetry, and let later people evaluate them. He made a huge contribution that had no practical significance to the society at that time. Otherwise, why couldn't Li Bai and Du Fu prevent the Anshi Rebellion? But if your point of view is that the times cannot create heroes, you can make some achievements in history but have relatively low personality, such as Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty building the canal, Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, compiling the Yongle Grand Ceremony, etc. Come up and say that those are not heroes, they happened to do a few things, and their starting point is very wrong.
However, Yue Fei can be cited again. Although he is unsuccessful, he is a hero. In short, we must grasp whether the hero is a person with heroic achievements or a heroic personality.
Which statement is beneficial to you and which one to use. There is no right or wrong in debating. Don't stick to dictionaries, which are often partial and comprehensive.
Hope you win this debate. 4. An example of quickly seeking the current situation to create a hero
Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, Xiang Yu (232 BC - 202 BC), named in the book, courtesy name Yu, was born in Xiangxiang (now Suqian, Jiangsu Province) .
The grandson of Xiang Yan, the famous general of Chu State, a famous military strategist in ancient China and a hero of his generation. After the fall of Chu, he fled to Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) with his uncle Xiang Liang.
When he was young, he failed to learn calligraphy and failed to learn swordsmanship. Determined to learn how to "defend ten thousand people" (the ability to withstand ten thousand people), he learned the art of war from his uncle.
But he only "knew a little about its meaning, but refused to learn it." Xiang Yu was eight feet tall, capable of carrying a cauldron, and had great ambitions when he was young.
When Qin Shihuang was on a patrol crossing Zhejiang (today's Qiantang River), Xiang Yu saw the majesty of his chariots and horses, and blurted out: "He can be replaced." In the first year of Qin II (209 BC) ), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang raised their arms in Daze Township and rose up. Xiang Yu followed Xiang Liang and raised troops in Wuzhong to respond.
Twenty-four-year-old Xiang Yu was pushed onto the stage of history by the storm of people's uprising. After Xiang Liang's uprising, he recruited 8,000 elite soldiers, and Xiang Yu became the deputy general (deputy general).
In order to facilitate the call, the counselor Fan Zeng's suggestion was adopted, and Xiong Xin, the grandson of the former King Huai of Chu, was made king. He established his capital in Xuyi and was still called King Huai of Chu. Xiang Liang led the rebel army to victory one after another in battles with the Qin army, which gave rise to the idea of ??being arrogant and underestimating the enemy.
As a result, he was defeated by the army commanded by Zhang Han of the Qin army in Dingtao (now northwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province), and Xiang Liang died in the battle.
After the Battle of Dingtao, the Qin army crossed the Yellow River north to attack King Xie and Zhang Er of Zhao who had rebelled against Qin, and besieged the Zhao army in Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei).
King Huai of Chu appointed Song Yi as general and Xiang Yu as second general to lead the rescue force. When Song Yi led his army to Anyang (now south of Anyang, Henan Province), he hesitated and stationed troops for forty-six days.
At that time, it was raining continuously, and the rebel army was in trouble due to lack of food and clothing. Xiang Yu made a decisive decision and killed Song Yi, forcing King Chu Huai to appoint him as general and order him to immediately send his troops north to rescue Zhao.
Xiang Yu led his chariots to the south bank of the Zhang River and confronted the Qin army across the bank. He first sent generals Yingbu and Pu to lead 20,000 elite troops across the river to cut off the Qin army's grain transportation channels.
Then he personally led the main force to cross the river, scuttled the boats, destroyed the cooking utensils, and burned the camps. Each person only brought three days of rations. This is the origin of the famous idiom "The cauldron sinks the boat." As soon as they arrived at the battlefield, the Chu army surrounded the Qin army with thunderous momentum and lightning-fast movements.
Xiang Yu took the lead and charged into the battle. Each Chu army bravely killed the enemy. One of them was ten, and he won nine battles and nine victories. He defeated the Qin army, captured Qin general Wang Li, killed Qin's deputy general Su Jiao, and forced Qin to Lieutenant General Shejian committed suicide and solved the siege of Julu. When Xiang Yu's army was fighting fiercely with the Qin army, the reinforcements from various princes huddled on the ramparts to watch and did not dare to join the battle.
After the battle, Xiang Yu summoned the reinforcement generals. They "entered the camp gate and all walked forward on their knees, no one dared to look up." Xiang Yu became the commander-in-chief of the princes' armies.
After the Battle of Julu, Xiang Yu took advantage of the victory to pursue, but the Qin army retreated steadily and its morale was weakened. Seeing that the situation was over, Zhang Han led 200,000 Qin troops to surrender to Xiang Yu.
On the way to the west, Xiang Yu ordered all the 200,000 surrendered soldiers to be killed in Xin'an City (today's east of Shengchi, Henan). At this time, another rebel army, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, took advantage of the main force of the Qin army and was pinned down by Xiang Yu in Julu. Guanzhong was empty and occupied Xianyang.
Xiang Yu was greatly dissatisfied and led his army to break through the pass and stationed in Hongmen (now northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi Province). At that time, Xiang Yu's army was 400,000, and Han Gaozu's army was less than 100,000. There was a huge disparity in strength between the two sides.
The emperor of the Han Dynasty realized that he was no longer able to defeat Xiang Yu, so he adopted Zhang Liang's strategy and won over Xiang Yu's uncle, Xiang Bo, and went to Hongmen in person to plead guilty. At the Hongmen Banquet, the glimmer of swords and lights flashed amidst the exchange of glasses of wine.
Fan Zeng, Xiang Yu's counselor, raised the jade pieces he brought several times, implying that Xiang Yu would kill Han Gaozu, but Xiang Yu was cowardly and Han Gaozu made excuses to escape. This is the story of the famous "Hongmen Banquet" in history.
Xiang Yu relied on his powerful troops to temporarily suppress Han Gaozu. He led troops into Xianyang, "killed Qin's prince Ying, burned Qin's palace, and the fire lasted for three months. He collected his goods, treasures, and women and headed east" (Historical Records? Xiang Yu's Anthology).
Xiang Yu used his remaining military power to issue orders as a general to the princes. He established himself as the overlord of Western Chu, took over nine counties in the Liang and Chu lands (occupying parts of today's Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, and Henan), and made his capital Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu).
At the same time, he also ceded lands and enfeoffed kings, and enfeoffed eighteen princes. The Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty was granted the title of King of Han, king of Hanzhong and Bashu, in an attempt to restrict the development of the Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty and prevent him from advancing eastward.
As a result, raising tigers caused trouble and led to a comeback of the Han army in the future. Due to Xiang Yu's unfair enfeoffment, the princes and heroes were dissatisfied.
First, Tian Rong occupied Qi and rebelled against Chu. Xiang Yu hurriedly led his army to attack, and Han Gaozu took advantage of the opportunity to advance eastward. In August 208 BC, the Han army sneaked out of Hanzhong and defeated the three kings of Qin who were entrusted by Xiang Yu. They quickly marched eastward and reached Yangxia (now Taikang, Henan).
Then, while Xiang Yu was fighting with the Qi army, he attacked Pengcheng, the capital of Chu, in one fell swoop. Yu hurriedly led 30,000 elite troops to rescue Pengcheng. At this time, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty relied on his large number of troops and generals, paralyzing and underestimating the enemy.
Xiang Yu's army was eager to regain the lost ground and had high fighting spirit. Thirty thousand Chu troops, led by Xiang Yu, left Shandong, passed through Huling (southeast of today's Yutai, Shandong) and approached Xiao (now northwest of Xiaoxian, Jiangsu), reaching the flank of the Han army in Pengcheng.
The battle started at dawn. The Chu army was brave and tenacious, fighting and charging at the same time. By noon, the Han army had been defeated.
The Chu army pursued them to Sishui, northeast of Pengcheng, and the Han army fell into the water one after another, killing more than 100,000 people. The Han army fled to the mountains to the south, and the Chu army pursued it to the Suishui River east of Lingbi (in today's Anhui Province) and annihilated hundreds of thousands more.
Han Gaozu only led a few dozen cavalry to escape from the siege, and even his wife Lu Pheasant and his father Taigong became Xiang Yu's prisoners.
In the Battle of Pengcheng, Xiang Yu made a decisive decision and quickly led his elite troops back to rescue Pengcheng. He caught the enemy unawares and defeated hundreds of thousands of Han troops. This was an example in the history of war of defeating more with less.
After the Battle of Pengcheng, Xiang Yu took advantage of the victory and marched, fighting Han Gaozu between Jingyi and Suoting (west and south of Xingyang), but was blocked east of Xingyang. The two sides had a stalemate in the Chenggao area for two years.
During this period, Han Gaozu adopted correct combat guidance, guarding Cheng Gao, consuming the opponent's strength in a protracted battle, and waiting for opportunities to counterattack; Xiang Yu approached Han Gaozu for a decisive battle, but he was unable to attack in a hurry. The forces of both sides have undergone fundamental changes. The Han army has changed from weak to strong, and Xiang Yu has changed from strong to weak.
In the fifth year of Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty launched a general attack on Xiang Yu and surrounded Xiang Yu's legions at Gaixia. At this time, the 100,000 Chu troops were exhausted and their morale was low.
At night, I heard the Han army singing songs of Chu on all sides again. Xiang Yu was so excited that he drank wine to drown his sorrows, and sang generously and sadly: "I am so powerful that I can conquer the world, but the times are unfavorable and my talents will not fade away."
What can I do if my talents do not fade away? 5. Please list some classic examples of "times create heroes" in history
1. Liu Bang
Main achievements: Killing the Snake Uprising, overthrowing the Qin Dynasty, destroying Xiang Yu, and establishing the Han Dynasty. . 2. Zhao Kuangyin
Main achievements: Established the Song Dynasty, ended the war of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and basically completed the unification.
Main achievements: Connected with Heshuo and actively fought with the rebels. Liaised with the Jin Dynasty; recovered six counties in Xiangyang, and marched northward to the Central Plains.
Main achievements: Established the creation of literature and advocated thin burial.
Main achievements: Take over and stabilize. Jiangdong, establish the Kingdom of Wu; develop the economy of Jiangnan; send troops to Yizhou
Extended information: 1. Liu Bang Liu Bang was born in a peasant family, he was open-minded and not engaged in production.
Qin. At that time, he was the chief of the Sishui Pavilion in Peixian County. He died after releasing prisoners and hid in Mangdang Mountain. Shortly after Chen Sheng's uprising, Liu Bang gathered 3,000 of his disciples to respond to the uprising and captured Peixian County and other places. He was named Peigong. Soon he defected to Xiang Liang and was appointed as Dangjun. He was named the Marquis of Wu'an and commanded the troops of Dang County. In October 206 BC, Liu Bang's army entered Bashang and Prince Ying of Qin surrendered to Liu Bang.
< p> Liu Bang abolished the harsh laws of the Qin Dynasty and made a three-chapter agreement with the elders in Guanzhong. After the Hongmen Banquet, he was granted the title of King of Han and ruled the Bashu and Hanzhong areas.In the early stages of the Chu-Han War, he was repeatedly defeated. He was able to give full play to the talents of his subordinates and pay attention to uniting forces from all over the country to oppose Xiang Yu.
After defeating Xiang Yu, Liu Bang unified the world on February 28, 202 BC. Yang was the emperor, with his capital in Chang'an, which was known as the Western Han Dynasty in history.
In 195 BC, Liu Bang was shot by a stray arrow because of his crusade against Ying Bu's rebellion. He became seriously ill and died in the same year. His temple was named Taizu. , posthumously named Emperor Gao. Mao Zedong commented that Liu Bang was "the most powerful among the feudal emperors"
2. Zhao Kuangyin defected to Guo Wei during the reign of Emperor Yin of the Later Han Dynasty. After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin began to join the army. Zhou Shizong held Chai Rong in high regard and made many military exploits during his expedition to the Southern Tang Dynasty.
When Chai Rong was seriously ill, he appointed Zhao Kuangyin as the imperial guard and in charge of the imperial army. Shortly after Emperor Zhou Gong came to the throne, Zhao Kuangyin was appointed. Resisting the Northern Han and Khitan coalition forces, he was immediately proclaimed emperor in the "Chenqiao Mutiny". After the army returned to Beijing, Emperor Gong was forced to abdicate, Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, and the country was named "Song Dynasty". ", known as the "Song Dynasty" and "Northern Song Dynasty" in history.
During Zhao Kuangyin's reign, according to Prime Minister Zhao Pu's strategy of "first south and then north, first easy and then difficult", he devoted himself to unifying the country and successively destroyed Jing Dynasty. The southern separatist regimes of Nan, Wuping, Houshu, Southern Han and Southern Tang completed the unification of most of the country. Zhao Kuangyin "released military power over a glass of wine" twice, removing the military power of the forbidden army generals and local vassal towns, and solved the problem since the Tang Dynasty. Since the middle of the dynasty, local military governors have been relying on their own troops.
He also set up a "sealing pile warehouse" to store money, silk, and cloth in order to redeem the sixteen states of Yanyun that were dedicated to the Khitan by Shi Jingtang, the founder of the later Jin Dynasty. 3. Yue Fei Yue Fei surrendered to the army in the late Northern Song Dynasty. From the second year of Jianyan (1128) when he met Zongze to the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1141), he led the Yue Family Army to fight hundreds of times with the Jin Army. fighting.
In the first year of Jingkang (1126), Yue Fei was recruited to join Zhao Gou's army in Xiangzhou as the generalissimo. When the Jin army marched south to the south of the Yangtze River, Yue Fei stood out and persisted in resisting the Jin army and regaining Jiankang.
In the third year of Shaoxing (1133), he was appointed as the envoy along the river. He never forgot to recover the Central Plains. In the spring of the following year, Yue Fei regained the six counties of Xiangyang.
In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), he led the Northern Expedition and successfully captured Yi, Luo, Shang, Guo and other prefectures. People in the two rivers rushed to tell each other, and rebels from all over the country responded. Yue Fei attached great importance to the people's strength to resist the Jin Dynasty and created the "Connect Heshuo" strategy, advocating that the civilian anti-Jin Dynasty rebels north of the Yellow River and the Song army cooperate with each other to attack the Jin army in a pinch to regain lost ground.
Yue Fei managed the army with clear rewards and punishments, strict discipline, and he could sympathize with his subordinates and lead by example. There is a popular saying among the Jin people: "It is easy to shake a mountain, but it is difficult to shake the Yue family's army." 4. Cao Cao At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. In the name of the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao conquered all directions, internally eliminated the separatist forces such as Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Ma Chao, and Han Sui, and externally surrendered the Southern Xiongnu, Wuhuan, Xianbei, etc., and unified China north.
A series of policies were implemented to restore economic production and social order, expand farmland, build water conservancy projects, reward farmers and mulberry trees, attach importance to handicrafts, resettle the exiled population, and implement "rent modulation", thereby gradually stabilizing the society in the Central Plains. The economy is turning a corner. Under the rule of Cao Cao, the Yellow River Basin gradually saw political clarity, the economy gradually recovered, class oppression was slightly alleviated, and social atmosphere improved.
Some of the measures taken by Cao Cao in the name of the Han Dynasty had a positive effect. Lu Xun evaluated him as "the founder of reformed articles".
At the same time, Cao Cao was also good at calligraphy. Zhang Huaiguan of the Tang Dynasty rated Cao Cao's calligraphy as "wonderful" in his "Book Break". 5. Sun Quan Sun Quan’s father Sun Jian and brother Sun Ce laid the foundation of Jiangdong in the separatist rule of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
In the fifth year of Jian'an (200), Sun Ce was assassinated and Sun Quan took over and became a prince. In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 years), he established the Sun-Liu Alliance with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao in the Battle of Chibi, laying the foundation for the establishment of the Three Kingdoms.
In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219), Sun Quan sent Lu Meng to successfully attack Liu Bei's Jingzhou, greatly increasing the territory. In the first year of Huangwu (222 years), Sun Quan was canonized as King of Wu by Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi and established the Kingdom of Wu.
In the same year, Liu Bei was defeated in the Battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), he officially proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang, and the country was named Wu. Soon after, the capital was moved to Jianye.
After Sun Quan became emperor, he set up agricultural officials, implemented farming, established counties and counties, and continued to suppress Fushanyue, which promoted the economic development of Jiangnan. On this basis, he sent people to sea many times.
In the second year of Huanglong (230), Sun Quan sent Wei Wen and Zhuge directly to Yizhou.
Reference materials: Liu Bang Baidu Encyclopedia Zhao Kuangyin Baidu Encyclopedia Yue Fei Baidu Encyclopedia Cao Cao Baidu Encyclopedia Sun Quan Baidu Encyclopedia.
6. Debating whether the times create heroes
In fact, there has been a long-standing debate on whether heroes create the times or times create heroes
The first sentence of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is:
Talking about the general trend of the world, if it is divided for a long time, it will be united, and if it is united for a long time, it will be divided...
Obviously, the so-called trend exists all the time. When there is disintegration, there is a trend of disintegration. When the world is unified, there is a trend of unity.
p>Therefore, no matter what era a hero appears in, they can all be called "heroes created by the times."
However, are all real heroes created by the times? !
The uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang seems to be "the times create heroes". In fact, without Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, there will still be Zhang Sheng, Li Sheng, Wang Guang and Liu Guang
What makes heroes is not The times, but the inevitable...
So there is such a poem: Talented people have emerged from generation to generation, and each has led the way for hundreds of years.
The chairman is the chairman, which tells the truth in one sentence : No matter what the current situation is, heroes will naturally emerge in the past dynasties. In peacetime, there will be heroes in peacetime; in wartime, there will also be heroes in wartime. It is not the current situation that creates heroes, but heroes have already been bred in the soil of the times. They are everywhere. , at any time, it is possible to take root, sprout, and thrive! ! !
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The above are all original works, mainly based on your request to refute the other party's point of view
p>
Here is a quote to talk about why I agree with "Heroes create the situation":
Those who wait for the times and act may be heroes, but they are not great heroes. Heroes created by the times are not really great heroes. Those who can shape the current situation are great heroes. Therefore, the saying that times make heroes is flawed. A more reasonable statement should be: "Heroes make times."
When a hero faces an unfavorable situation, he does not wait passively, complains about others, sighs that he has not met a close friend, or acts blindly, but changes the situation and creates a situation that is beneficial to himself. To give a simple example, there is an ancient art of war in the military called "hiding the truth and showing the form." This is an example of momentum building. When the enemy's deployment is tight and impeccable, you can hide your own forces and use fake troop movements to lure the enemy to readjust their deployment. This way you can see where the enemy's vacancies lie and create opportunities that are beneficial to you.
The task of the heroes is to stabilize the country, so the momentum they carry out cannot be described by a single military strategy. Its content is richer and its scope is wider, including politics, military, economy, culture and so on. It is extremely difficult and requires clear goals, complete and thorough planning and superb organizational and command capabilities. It also takes a long time because advantages have to be accumulated bit by bit. There is no quick fix, and success cannot be achieved overnight. Because the weak must defeat the strong, one must be flexible, give in when necessary, and retreat when necessary, just like taking the lead in chess and striving for the initiative.
A modern example of a hero making a difference exists in the anthology of Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong adopted slogans and strategies such as mobilizing the masses, attacking local tyrants, dividing land, surrounding cities with rural areas, uniting the front, giving preferential treatment to prisoners, three major disciplines and eight points of attention, and establishing solid base areas. These are all to win over the people, accumulate strength, and finally have a decisive battle with Chiang Kai-shek at the appropriate time. Chiang Kai-shek can also be regarded as a hero, but he only belongs to the level of heroes and traitors. Compared with great heroes like Mao Zedong, he can only be resigned to being inferior.
Unlike those so-called heroes, real heroes are not completely influenced by the situation. They will not only recognize the situation and seize the opportunity, but also guide the situation and transform it. When they find that the situation is unfavorable, they will not sit in despair, but will find ways to get out of the predicament. When they find that their career has gone astray, they will take decisive action to correct the chaos and put their career on the right path. When the Red Army failed in its fifth counter-encirclement and suppression campaign and was heavily surrounded by hundreds of thousands of Chiang Kai-shek's troops, Mao Zedong stood up decisively and took over the command of the Red Army again. The Red Army crossed Chishui several times, adopting erratic tactics of attacking in the east and attacking in the west to confuse the enemy and thus take the initiative. Finally, the Red Army got rid of the siege, completed the Long March, and established the northwest base. It was precisely because Mao Zedong showed outstanding war command skills and was unanimously praised by the Red Army generals (all heroes who were accustomed to fighting) that he was elected as the leader of the Red Army at the Zunyi Conference and became a hero among heroes.
It was precisely with the leadership of Mao Zedong, the great hero, that the Red Army was invincible after 1936.
Therefore, if ordinary heroes are the trend-setters, the real heroes are the promoters behind the trend-setters. It is these great heroes who create trends, fashions, opportunities, and a group of heroes. As the saying goes, "The winner is a prince and the loser is a thief." Great heroes have achieved great success. Those who follow them and make contributions to the Han Dynasty will of course have the opportunity to be crowned kings and become heroes.