Dong Tian Lu Qing Ji: "Except for two stones, Taohe greenstone is the most valuable in the north. Green as blue, moist as jade, ink does not reduce the rocks under the stream. However, the stone is at the bottom of the deep water of the river, which is not caused by manpower and is priceless. According to the ancient legend, although I know there are Yan Taoshi, I can't see them. Today, there are green stones named Yan Tao, mostly from the stone table, or the stones in Changsha Valley. Lishi stone is moist and shiny and is not affected by ink. "
Su Dongpo in Northern Song Dynasty
"Lu Zhi will Taohe release Yanming": "Wash its sharpness and refine it into gold and iron. Cut and bright, firm and dense. Years old, bing yin, moved to the north and south. Returning, Huang Luzhi. "
Bu Zhi in Northern Song Dynasty
The long poem "To Dai Siliang" wrote: "Dongpo's happiness is a good temper, Tao Yaqing and Shi Jian are like copper." "Please come back to the inkstone from the public, and I will listen to the public's advice and ask for help."
Huang tingjian in northern song dynasty
There is a poem in "Collected Works of Mr. Huang in Zhang Yu": "I have heard for a long time that a duck's head is green, so I can sharpen a dragon sword in Guixi. Don't think that literati don't know martial arts, but try to satisfy first frost Rabbit. "
"Giving a group of tea and Taohe Qingshi inkstone has no guilt and literary potential": "Giving Taohe Qingshi a stone and a gentleman can sharpen the pen like a cone. Please ask Shuyuan to open the emperor's pole and think about poetry. "
"To thank Wang Zhong's ancient poems to benefit the peach pit and sharpen the stone topaz": "Li Tao sent a sword through the rainbow, but the seal was not polished. (or steamed millet) grinds and seals this heart, and the beautiful poem gives a firm meaning. Beauty temple lettering, chest thousands of copies. The sun is approaching, it is really a dragon, and the new poem is proud of the thunder wind. I have nothing to do with two things, and I watch the moon fall into the sea. "
Chao Shuo zhi in the northern song dynasty
"Chao Yi Dao Yan Ming": "There is a moment's corner, but also a deep storage, which respects the text. Emphasis is not on the opposite side, but warmth is also the ze of civilization, and a gentleman is better than virtue. The west is in Lintao, and its position is never far away! Seek after the universal, and the round is fresh! Don't rush, don't be late, don't arrive, don't fall, don't steal, don't teach. "
Zhang Xiaoxiang in Northern Song Dynasty
"Li Zang Tao Shiming": "Out of Hexi Record, (suspected to be green), recommended Zhongzhou to hide the king. You don't need to use strength before you cover it. If my husband arrives at the festival and doesn't see his talent, then I will show that there is no group in my life. "
Zhang Lei in Northern Song Dynasty
"Use the green stone of Taohe River in Agnes to make a poem of rice pot and inkstone": "Taohe stone is a sword, and sharpening the knife will solve twelve cows every day. One day I saw Bora Zhongzhou. Huang Ziwen has a wonderful chapter in the world. It is the only building with eight qualities. Throughout his life, pen and ink were worth thousands of dollars and made extraordinary profits. Who holds this inkstone parameter case, the wind is near cold autumn. I will not hesitate to give up my support, please add poetry and silk. The bright window tries to spit ink, which is embellished. There is no such color in Zhangzhou, Duan Xi! "
Mi Fei in Northern Song Dynasty
"History of Inks": "When Tong Yuanjun looks for inkstones, he can sharpen his blade, be green as a robe, and be lovely when he is deep. After a long time, there are ink spots between the waves, and the natives call it' splashing ink' (splashing ink). There is purple stone, which is wonderful, but candidates and Mo Dou are full of ink. There's no light in it. Good. The bluestone of Taohe River has been owned by China since the court opened Xihe River. Red purple rose jade is too green, not suitable for inkstone, but uneven, with ink. Rong people can sharpen knives, iron color is light and fat, and they can also make inkstones but not ink. "
Martial arts in northern song dynasty
There is a poem in Lin Yanji, which reads: "The Taohe River is blue, and the duck head in Hanshui River is so colored. The reward is despicable, and it also depicts a country with a reputation of no salt for me. Ming said: "The cliff, the end of the valley, bandits and stones, only water and jade." . You can't have your cake and eat it. One is warm enough. But cute, eye-catching, why easy, duck head green. "
Hongzikui in Southern Song Dynasty
The poem of washing inkstone:
Self-washing Zhou Tao green, idle topic persimmon leaves red.
A dusty empty moon, I miss the old frost and wind.
Blunt chrysanthemums are in bud, and peaches are colorful.
The mainstream must change, who is the real master of HarmonyOS.
Land tour in southern song dynasty
There is a poem in "The Draft of Jiannan Poetry": "Jade chips come to brocade, and strange rocks come out of Lintao." After the poem, the original note said: "Send, He Yuanli sends Shu paper".
Fan Dacheng in the Southern Song Dynasty
There is a cloud in the poem "Shihu Xia Chao Shi": "There is only Ady in Duan Xi, and the Taohe River is green and black."
Jin Dai lei yuan
Shi Tao Yan Shi: The tusks are deep in Cangzhou, and Shi Wenchun melts jade. What's the advantage of putting the pen back high? When I seize the opportunity, I want to benefit Wu Gou. [Note] The author is, word, Hunyuan people in Jin Dynasty, compiled by Guan Zhi Hanlin. Tee, orange.
Jin Dynasty Yuan Haowen
"Fuze people Guo Zanggu inkstone": The parrot has been fossilized is old news, and there are not many birds that can shine their knives. The county magistrate spends 6 million yuan every year to transport this inkstone to Lintao. Yun Xuan's skin is far away from the world, the water comes straight up and the satellite is high. Who resigned today? Jiang! It's no use trying chicken feathers in San Qian. The original inscription reads: "There is an inscription in the inkstone:' General Wang opened Lintao for the country, and he has a gift from the company, which is worth 6 million. China has been using it, and so has this inkstone. "The inkstone is like water."
Jin Deng Yan
"Shi Tao Yan": Before Parrot Island held the stone back, it was cut with brilliance. Non-success window all day long, no one sat watching Yuan Yun spit Cuiwei.
Yan Tao has a long history and was famous in the world as early as the early Song Dynasty. As a tribute, Yan Tao stood out in the imperial palace or the study of dignitaries at that time. Yuan Haowen, a poet in the Jin Dynasty, once wrote a poem saying that "a county official spent six million yuan to get this inkstone to Lintao", and then Huang Gugu, a great calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, commented on Tao Shuo's "bluestone is full of wind, and the pen can be sharpened like a cone", which further verified his cleverness. Su Shi's Yan Taoming said: "Wash it, refine gold into iron." The inscription "Zhuo Hong, Jian Mize, Tao Min County, to China" praised Yan Tao's skin texture and elegant color. After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the praise was endless. The cover of the bookstore published in Zhao Ke 14 in Japan even published the original picture of "Songtao River bluestone inkstone", which also shows the far-reaching influence of Yan Tao abroad, and it is still used or given as a treasure in China, Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries in the world [1]. 1997, when Hong Kong returned to China, the giant inkstone
"99 returns 1"
"99 ratio 1" was given to the Hong Kong SAR government by the Gansu provincial government.
The mining history of Yantao stone mine has been nearly a thousand years, and the ownership of the mining area has changed hands many times in history.
Tang dynasty, fame
Liu Gongquan, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in On Inks: "Qingzhou is the first place to store inkstones, followed by Jiangzhou, followed by the beginning, the end and Lintao." This is the earliest record of Yan Tao. The development of famous stone inkstone in Tang Dynasty ushered in a mature period. Guangdong inkstone, She Yan, Yan Tao and Chengni inkstone platform are also called the four famous inkstones in China at this time, making the Tang Dynasty a landmark era when inkstones began to dominate the world. Yan Tao, Duanyan and She Yan gradually replaced the famous inkstones made of various materials, and they are still unshakable. In the fourth year of Xining in Song Shenzong (A.D. 107 1 year), Wang Zhao was appointed commander of Qinfeng Road by Song Shenzong in the battle of Taohe River, recovering dragons for Tong Yuanjun and building Fort Gu Wei. At the request of North Korea, Wang Zhao chose Yan Tao, a local specialty, as a tribute, which was immediately appreciated by Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and Zhang Lei. The value of Yan Tao rush headlong into a herd and is extremely precious.
Su Shi wrote the poem "Shi Yanming, Taohe River, Lu Zhi": "Washing and grinding, alchemy and ironmaking. Cut and bright, firm and dense. Years old, bing yin, moved to the north and south. Returning, Huang Luzhi. "
There is a poem in Huang Tingjian's Collected Works of Mr. Huang in yu zhang: "I have heard for a long time that there is a duck's head green, so I can sharpen the dragon sword in Guixi." Don't think that literati don't know martial arts, but try to satisfy first frost Rabbit. "
There is a poem in Lu You's "Jian Nan Poetry Draft": "Jade chips come to brocade, and strange rocks come out of Lintao."
Zhang Lei's Poems on the Rice Pot: Ink with Yellow Luzhi Hui Taohe Green Stone: "The stone of Taohe River is a sword spear, and sharpening the knife can solve twelve cows in a day. One day I saw Bora Zhongzhou. Huang Ziwen has a wonderful chapter in the world. It is the only building with eight qualities. Throughout his life, pen and ink were worth thousands of dollars and made extraordinary profits. Who holds this inkstone parameter case, the wind is near cold autumn. I will not hesitate to give up my support, please add poetry and silk. Try to spit ink in the bright window, there is no such color in Zhangzhou, Duan Xi! "
Yuan dynasty, intermittent
From the 14th year of Jin Dading (Southern Song Dynasty in 2022, Xixia dry nitrate for five years, AD 1 175), the territory of Jin was owned by Jin, Xixia and eighteen tribes respectively. Tribes take turns to go into battle, losing early and winning late. Laoyashi area (present-day Yan Tao) is nominally under the jurisdiction of Zhao Tusi (then reduced in gold), Jinxihe Road and Xixia Hehuang Road, but it is located in a corner and nobody cares. The real owner and owner of Yan Tao mining area is still the small leader of the local tribe. At this stage, there were many wars and the trade channels were blocked. The mining and inkstone making industry in Yantao Stone Mine is almost in a state of interruption and pause. Yuan Hao, a poet in the Jin Dynasty, asked the poem, "The county magistrate spent 6 million yuan a year to get this inkstone in Lintao", and Yuan Lei's "Shi Tao inkstone poem" said, "The tusks are deep in Cangzhou, and the literati stone is in full bloom." What's the advantage of putting the pen back high? When I seize the opportunity, I want to benefit Wu Gou. Feng wrote the poem "Shi Tao Yan": Nautilus Island held the stone and did not return, but you Zihui. Non-success window all day long, no one sat watching Yuan Yun spit Cuiwei. It can be seen that although the industry was intermittent at that time, the pursuit and desire of literati collectors for Yan Tao was more urgent. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1378), Zannan Xiu Jie, the tribal leader of Zibao in Zhou Tao, surrendered to the court, and Li Wenzhong, the company commander, gave Zannan Xiu Jie a hundred hereditary families from Zhou Tao. Among the original 18 tribes, there are 100 families who have been granted the right to rule the people, and some residents near Laoaoshi belong to the people, so Yantao Stone Mine also works for its exploitation and manufacture of tributes. In the early years of Zheng De in the Ming Dynasty, Wang Xiu, the toast, was transferred to Beijing to meet him and was given the surname of Yang Minghong. From then on, it was Yang Tusi who was called Zhuoni Tusi, and people in all areas of Zhuoni belonged to the Yang family. Since then, the stone has been called "Yang".
Knowing the preciousness of inkstone, the Yang Tusi of past dynasties began to strictly manage the mining area, stipulating that all quarrymen must take the official letter of the Tusi yamen (equivalent to today's letter of introduction) as the license, notify the old Aoshiji manager of Naier Village, and then the manager will inform the quarrymen of Dawo Village to quarry. Never allow others to mine without a license. Dawo villagers not only undertake the task of quarrying, but also have the responsibility of monitoring and protecting the grottoes, and often assign special personnel to guard them. "But as soon as they hear the sound of stealing stones, they will correct the villagers and stop them. They are not accommodating at all."
In order to strengthen the management and protection of the mining area and prevent local villagers and outsiders from illegally quarrying, Tusi and local leaders not only adopted strict administrative measures, but also spread feudal superstitions through religious institutions such as temples and bound the people. They chiseled a huge stone tablet of Lama on the rock beside the cave gate. The stone buyer must present a sheep to the Lama before quarrying, and pray and sacrifice in front of the monument before entering the cave for quarrying. Otherwise, it is said that not only good stones can't be mined, but also misfortune will happen and the local area will suffer from hail. No one dares to test these superstitious ideas rashly, and the people are convinced. Not only do they dare not violate the slightest, but they also strictly control outsiders and are not allowed to act without authorization, which is against the gods. This measure of Tusi adapted to the social system of integrating politics with religion at that time. Although it is deceptive, it is a feasible management method. During this period, the phenomenon of indiscriminate excavation and mining in Yan Tao was controlled.
At the same time, the production and trade of Yan Tao inkstone platform also ushered in an unprecedented grand occasion. There are many sculptors and trade contacts in Zhou Tao, Zhuoni, Zhou Min (now Minxian), Didao (now Lintao), Changgong (now Longxi), Hezhou (now Linxia) and Lanzhou. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, an agricultural cooperative was established here. With the change of ownership of the means of production, the Yan Tao mining area was collectively owned by the agricultural cooperative. Stones have also been sold by collectives. As a sideline income of collectives, the management of mining areas has gradually stabilized and the chaotic situation has been reversed. At the beginning of 1958, the project of "diverting pottery up the mountain" was started, and all day long, artillery fire continued, and earth and stone fell everywhere. Most hillside villages along the engineering canal are buried by earth and stone, and no one cares about Yan Taoshi's life and death. Lama Cliff was also impressed by the momentum of "letting the mountain bow and the river make way" at that time, which made people behead and show the public, and even the monument of "Lama Ye", which has always been worshipped by people, was blown away. The original quarry was buried by gravel quicksand. For nearly two and a half years, people were intoxicated by the frenzied atmosphere at that time and forgot about Yan Tao. On the other hand, it was blocked by the artillery fire of Taohe project, cutting off the circulation channels. Therefore, Yan Taoshi's excavation and carving were almost interrupted.
At the beginning of 1960, faced with serious natural disasters, the Taodiversion project was forced to dismount halfway. When people wake up from fanaticism, they are faced with the threat and challenge of survival. The desire for survival drives people in inkstone township to embark on a more dangerous and rugged road than before on the dizzying Lama Cliff. In the quicksand and rolling stones on the half cliff, several cracks that can only make people crawl have been chiseled. In these humble caves, a rare treasure, Yan Taoshi, was re-adopted.
The difficulty of collecting stones in Yan Tao forced Yan Tao's career to falter in the next few decades. During this period, a group of sculptors who loved Yan Tao emerged and made outstanding contributions to the inheritance and development of Yan Tao. However, because the stones around Lama Cliff and Shuiquan Bay can no longer be obtained by manpower, many inferior stones outside Lama Cliff and Shuiquan Bay have flooded into the market, which has had a great impact on the development of Yan Tao.
In 20 10, the state officially recovered the inferior stone minerals of Yan Tao-Hetao Township and Xijiang River in Min County, as well as the only top stone minerals of Yan Tao-Lama Cliff and Shuiquanwan in Zhuoni, and stopped mining Minxian stone through public bidding and auction to curb the circulation of inferior stone materials in Yan Tao and scientifically mine the top stone materials of Lama Cliff in Zhuoni.
With the establishment of Huaxia Civilization Innovation Zone in Gansu, the quality of Yan Tao has been mentioned many times.
In 20 10, Bandung Arts & Crafts Co., Ltd. founded the brand of "Laokeng Yan Tao", and with the guidance and support of the local government, started the brand operation of Yan Tao cultural industry.
At present, the "Laokeng Yan Tao" project has been listed as a national key cultural development project. Yan Tao and Dunhuang are the two most representative business cards in Gansu. The series of Dunhuang Bodhisattva inkstones created by Yan Tao sculptors in Laokeng was presented to Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, and the rebound inkstones were presented to former Japanese Prime Minister Noboru takeshita.