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Source: Zhihu.
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Fengyang Flower Drum originated in the early Ming Dynasty. At that time, in the early years of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang had just unified the world and did not know where to build the capital. Besides, he has strong thoughts and emotions. At that time, he drew up his hometown Fengyang as Zhongdu, and Fengyang Drum Tower was built in Zhongdu. But Fengyang was poor since ancient times and had no foundation, so Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to emigrate to drive the economic development of Fengyang, his hometown. Immigrants are divided into four types:
1. Craftsmen, this is the first batch of immigrants. Because it is necessary to build a capital first and then build a large number of houses, this kind of skilled migration is essential.
2. Soldiers, usually for Zhu Yuanzhang, are irresistible. The first two kinds of immigrants are mostly helpless and not disgusted.
3. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, the rich people in Jianghuai area were mainly occupied by a man named Zhang Shicheng. Zhang Shicheng, a smuggler, is very loyal and prestigious, and is well received by the local people. Later, every time Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Jiangsu and Zhejiang, he couldn't get the support of the local people and was very angry. Later, Zhang Shicheng was defeated. In order to punish these rich households, Zhu Yuanzhang immigrated them to remote areas of Fengyang (ps: at that time, Zhu Yuanzhang designated Fengyang as 24 counties, equivalent to a province with a governor). These people are very dissatisfied with Zhu Yuanzhang. And Zhu Yuanzhang ordered these people not to go home, but most rich people miss their hometown very much, so they thought of a way. The rich dress up as beggars and go back to their hometown in winter, mostly to worship their ancestors, and wait until spring to return to Fengyang to farm. (ps: at that time, you have to have a way-equivalent to a letter of introduction. If not, it will be caught by the local government, so many people go out to beg, but they have to come back, so there will be strange scenes of begging in groups in winter (slack season). )
Criminals, in order to make up for the shortage of labor force, let criminals go to Fengyang to make up for the labor force, but these are all social instability factors.
Such a large group of people went to Fengyang, but the land in Fengyang has been barren since ancient times, so there is nothing so many people can do to go to Fengyang. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang decided to build Yingtian (Nanjing) as the capital city, but Zhongdu stopped building it, so many people fell into poverty and became beggars.
This is a general explanation for the formation of beggars in Fengyang. Of course, there is also a saying that when Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, many Fengyang villagers went to congratulate him, and everyone was very happy during the dinner. Zhu Yuanzhang said: Go back, don't do anything, and you can sing and live in the future. ",a lot of people listen to, the good days are over, and as a result, they go home and squander everything (really a group of sincere children). As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang was stunned that nothing happened, so many people fell into poverty and became beggars. However, they really make a living by singing, but they beg everywhere with flower drums, which is also the formation of beggars.
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These are the reasons for the formation of beggars in Fengyang. Next, let's talk about ancient paintings in Fengyang.
As can be seen from the pictures at the end of this article, the drum of Fengyang Flower Drum is shaped like chopsticks and the drum is shaped like a bowl. In fact, Fengyang beggars' begging tools gradually evolved. Fengyang Flower Drum, which we are familiar with now, was gradually formed in the Qing Dynasty. This can be seen from the lyrics. "Fengyang is a good place. Since Zhu Yuanzhang was born, there have been nine years of famine in ten years. Many families have wheat fields, and small families sell children, but only me. It is not hard to imagine that people in the Ming Dynasty were afraid to sing these words. From the picture, we can see that the drum of Fengyang Flower Drum looks like chopsticks and the drum looks like a bowl. In fact, the begging tools of Fengyang beggars gradually evolved. Fengyang Flower Drum, which we are familiar with now, was gradually formed in the Qing Dynasty. We can see this from the lyrics. " Fengyang is a good place. Since Zhu Yuanzhang was born, there have been nine years of famine in ten years. Large families have wheat fields and small families have nothing to sell. "It is not hard to imagine that people in the Ming Dynasty dare not sing these words.
However, Fengyang Flower Drum did exist in the Ming Dynasty. At that time, there was a song that changed the words of our present Fengyang Flower Drum, called Yangko Line. The word goes like this. Fengyang women sing yangko and cross the Yellow River in the first month of each year. Poor thing is that snow and sand are blowing on her back, and the waist drum bulges out from her mother-in-law and flies from south to north like a swallow. "We can see that although beggars at that time suffered a lot and were very tired, they still dared not swear.