Second, the original text is attached:
Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
Yuan. Ma Zhiyuan
Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses.
When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Appreciate:
This poem has only five sentences and 28 words, and its language is extremely concise but its capacity is huge. With a few strokes, I drew a homesick picture of a wandering wanderer, which vividly conveyed the voice of a wandering wanderer.
This picture consists of two parts:
1, composed of several groups of carefully selected scenery that can represent Xiaoqiu, a twilight autumn field map;
2. Describe a wanderer walking alone in the cold autumn, with endless pain in his heart.
The first painting is *** 18 with nine nouns, without empty word, which is natural and fluent, with rich connotations. With his skillful artistic skills, the author bathed nine different landscapes in the afterglow of the sunset, presented them to us in a "montage" brushwork like a focal plane, and brought the readers into the late autumn season at once: several dead vines were wrapped around several bald trees with yellow leaves. We can imagine that crows can still have old trees to return to, but wanderers are homeless. How miserable and helpless it is! Next is a small bridge, flowing water, and a small farmhouse with faint smoke. The rural scenery in which such people live is so quiet and sweet, comfortable and carefree. All this can't help but remind the wanderer of the bridges, flowing water and relatives in his hometown. Here, the sad feelings are written in the happy scene, which sets off the helpless sadness of the wandering wanderer.
In the second painting, we can see that in the bleak autumn wind, on the lonely ancient road, a wanderer suffering from homesickness rides a long-delayed thin horse and wanders into the distance in the heavy twilight. At this time, the sun sets, scattering a bleak oblique light. This is the reunion moment when birds return to their nests, cattle and sheep return home and people return home. However, the wanderer is still "the end of the world is reduced." At this moment, this situation, a wandering in a foreign country, in the face of such a bleak and desolate scene, how can it not be sad, heartbroken and heartbroken! The heart of a wandering wanderer drops blood in the autumn wind. ...
A very short ditty expresses its indescribable connotation, vividly depicts the sad inner world of a wanderer and gives people a shocking artistic feeling. Reading makes people feel bitter, and singing makes people feel more sad. People who watch this song without tears don't know what it means.
Three. About the author:
Ma Zhiyuan (later about 1250- 132 1), whose real name is Qian Li, was named Dongli (although his name is unknown, it is far-reaching, and later called Dongli), a Han nationality, a dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty, and a native of Dadu (now Beijing) in the Yuan Dynasty, originally from Macitang Village, Dongguang County, Hebei Province. His time was later than that of Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His birth year was about 1250, and his death year was about 132 1 year from the reform of Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Taiding. He, Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu are also called "four outstanding figures of Yuan Opera".
Ma Zhiyuan was a famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty, mostly from Beijing. Qiu Si, known as the ancestor of Qiu Si, has been selected as one of the four ancient poems of Grade 7 Chinese 15 (one of the three Chinese books of Grade 8 published by Su Jiao Edition). There are 0/5 kinds of zaju/kloc, among which Autumn in Han Palace is his masterpiece. Sanqu/kloc-more than 0/20 songs, including Dongli Yuefu series. When I was young, my career was bumpy, and I was a scholar in middle age. He was an official in Zhejiang, and later served as the director of the Ministry of Industry in Dadu (now Beijing). In his later years, Ma Zhiyuan was dissatisfied with the current situation, lived in seclusion in the countryside, entertained himself with a cup, and was buried in his ancestral home after his death.
Ma Zhiyuan participated in the creation of zaju in his early years and was a major member of Zhenyuan Bookstore. He had contacts with Wang Bocheng, Hua, and Li Er, and was one of the famous "Four Masters of Yuan Opera" at that time. (Four people include Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu. ) Ma Zhiyuan has been engaged in the creation of zaju for a long time, and his reputation is also great, and he is known as the "number one composer". There are 65,438+06 kinds of existing works, including Autumn in the Han Palace, Monument to the Blessing, The Story of Yueyang Tower, Tears in Shirts, Sleeping in Chen Tuan, Ren Fengzi, The Dream of the Huangliangmeng, The Scarlet Letter and Flowers. The most famous is Autumn in Han Palace. Sanqu has Dongli Yuefu.