1. Porcelain
Celadon, white porcelain and "Tang Sancai" pottery.
The representative origin of celadon is Yuezhou, and the representative origin of white porcelain is Xingzhou.
Celadon is the beginning of Chinese porcelain. "Celadon" glazes of various concentrations and hues are the earliest porcelain glazes in China. The celadon of the Tang Dynasty inherited the tradition of the Southern Dynasties. The most important place of origin was in the Shaoxing area in eastern Zhejiang. This area was Yuezhou in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Yue kiln celadon is an important part of the history of ancient Chinese ceramics, especially the history of ceramics of the Tang and Five Dynasties. Ceramic crafts with primacy.
The Yue kiln celadon of the Tang Dynasty was a great progress in ceramic technology and also due to the success of "feldspathic glaze" firing. The success of feldspar glaze was an epoch-making change in ceramic technology, so the bright and moving color of Yue kiln celadon in the Tang Dynasty continued to arouse the praise of poets.
2. Clothing
The decorative art of the Tang Dynasty became the characteristic of the era with its gorgeous and graceful style.
For example, it can be seen from the Dunhuang caisson patterns that the hanging curtains have turned into necklaces, and lush flowers have grown on the curly grass; the types of curly grass leaves have become diverse and become quite thick. Most of these flowers have densely packed double petals that are not yet fully stretched. Each petal is so full of juice that it swells and curls back.
3. Science and Technology
The science and technology of the Tang Dynasty made significant progress compared with the previous generation.
The astronomer Seng Yixing measured the length of the meridian for the first time in the world. He also collaborated with Liang Lingzhan to cast the zodiac sphere and the water-borne armillary sphere out of copper. He used the quadratic difference interpolation method in the "Dayan Calendar" almanac and innovated the interpolation formula that approximates the cubic difference, laying the foundation for Wang Xun and other later generations. The revision of "Ten Books of Calculation" by Li Chunfeng and others was an important achievement of arithmetic in the Tang Dynasty.
The "Qian Jin Yao Fang" and the supplement "Qian Jin Yi Fang" written by Sun Simiao, who is respected as the King of Medicine, discuss the essence of medicine, the secret of diagnosis and treatment, the method of acupuncture, and the art of health preservation. Obtained medical books. "New Materia Medica" is China's earliest national official medicinal book, which was written in the fourth year of Emperor Xianqing's reign (659) in the Tang Dynasty.
The "Kuo Di Zhi", a large-scale geographical chronicle in the early Tang Dynasty, has 550 volumes and is rich in content and has a profound influence on the geographical research of later generations. Jia Dan's "A Map of China and Barbarians in the Sea" depicts hundreds of countries that were close neighbors of the Tang Dynasty. In addition, there are local chronicles "Yuanhe County Map" written by Li Jifu, "Prefectures and County Code" written by Du You, "Man Shu" written by Fan Chuo introducing the Nanzhao Kingdom in Yunnan, etc.
The Tang Dynasty expanded and built the capital Chang'an City on the basis of Daxing City in the Sui Dynasty. It was as rigorously planned and large-scale as the eastern capital Luoyang. It was the two most rigorous and correct planning among Chinese historical capitals.
The wooden structure buildings of the Tang Dynasty were majestic in scale and heroic in spirit. The construction process was further standardized and the construction speed was increased. The form of the pagoda also combines Chinese and Indian shapes, making it appear ever-changing and diverse.
4. Dance
The dances of the Tang Dynasty are most famous for their vigorous dance and soft dance. Jianwu is named for its bright rhythm, vigorous and bold, including "Aliao", "Zhezhi", "Fulin", "Daweizhou", "Huangzhi", "Alien", "Sword", "Hu Xuan", "Hu Teng", "Willow Branch" and many more.
Soft dance is a literary dance, which is graceful and soft, with a slow rhythm, such as "Hanging Hands", "Echo Music", "Lanling King", "Spring Orioles", "Borrowing the Seat", "Crow" "Night Cry", "Liangzhou", "Green Waist", "Qu Zhezhi", "Ganzhou", etc.
The famous dances "Seven Virtues Dance", "Shangyuan Dance" and "Nine Gong Dances" are collectively known as the "Three Major Dances" and were popular in the court. The dancers include Gongsun Auntie, Xie Aman, etc. After the Yongjia Rebellion in the Jin Dynasty, dance music from the Western Regions spread eastward to the Central Plains and merged with Chinese dance music for more than two centuries. By the Tang Dynasty, it had strong Hu style characteristics.
Many kinds of soft dances use a movement of looking up and turning the feet sharply like a whirlwind. Because they originate from the Western Regions, they are called "Hu Xuan". Sanle in the Tang Dynasty mostly included acrobatics, collectively referred to as "Baixi", including free throws, collisions, pill jumping, spitting fire, knife swallowing, somersaults, carpet kicking and other events.
5. Metal crafts
In metal crafts, gold and silver crafts are also very developed. Most of them are various kinds of jewelry, such as hairpins, armbands, rings, etc. Next are various wine vessels and eating utensils. According to literature, there are bottles, urns, kettles, ladles, ladles, cups, bowls, cups, plates, etc.
Among the known gold and silverware of the Tang Dynasty, there are tall rhombus-shaped wine glasses, six-shaped rhombus-shaped plates and lotus-shaped bowls, all of which are decorated with various common flower and bird patterns. These utensils are made of pure silver or silver plated with gold and hammered.
Weapons were also a very important item in the metal crafts of the Tang Dynasty, but there are very few existing examples.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Tang Dynasty Culture