Brief introduction of Lingyan Pavilion
In the Tang Dynasty, there was an inconspicuous building next to the Sanqing Hall of Chang 'an Palace, named Lingyange. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Emperor Taizong built Lingyan Pavilion in Li Shimin, displaying the portraits of twenty-four heroes painted by Yan, and often went to reminisce about the past. Li Shimin was an outstanding emperor, and he was very good at dealing with the relationship between monarch and minister. He used kindness and kindness, and managed all talented people with obedience, but at the same time, most famous heroes had good endings. The statue of the twenty-four ancestors of Lingyange is an example. At that time, Li Shimin was old and frail, and began to miss the past, recalling the fighting years when Jin Ge and Tie Ma swallowed Wan Li. Painting the image of his old subordinates into Lingyange has some real feelings, but the attached intention is also obvious.
Introduction of Lingyange characters
1. Stuart, Zhao Guogong, Sun Chang Wuji
Li Shimin's eldest grandson, the queen's brother, was friendly with Li Shimin since childhood, and Li Yuan took refuge in Li Shimin after the Taiyuan uprising. Participated in all previous battles in Li Shimin, especially played the role of planner in the change of Xuanwu Gate. I have trusted Li Shimin all my life. Li Shimin commented that "I won the world mostly because of this man's strength". After Li Shimin's death, he was ordered to help Tang Gaozong. He fell out of favor because he opposed Tang Gaozong's empress Wu Zetian, and was later framed for rebellion and suicide.
2. Yangzhou viceroy and Hejian viceroy Li
His father is Tang Yuan's cousin. After the Tang and Yuan Dynasties started their troops, they were responsible for administering Bashu. With the help of Li Jing, Xiao Xian and Fu Gongyou were destroyed, and Jiangnan was under his command. The meritorious military service is comparable to that of Li Shimin. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he withdrew from the power center and entertained himself with showgirls. In the fourteenth year of Zhenguan, he died of sudden illness.
3. Sikong, coming to Du Ruhui to pay tribute.
Li Shimin's main staff. When Tang Gaozu conquered Chang 'an, he took refuge in Li Shimin, and was recommended and reused by Fang, ranking first among the 18 bachelors. Participated in all previous battles in Li Shimin. The mastermind of the change of Xuanwu Gate. During the Zhenguan period, Fang shared the palm of his hand, but he died in Zhenguan for four years at the age of 46. Li Shimin deeply regretted his death, and was extremely sad after his death.
4. Sikong, governor of Xiangzhou, Prince Taishi, Zheng Guowen, Gong Zhenwei.
Originally Shi Biao's counselor, he later went down to the Tang Dynasty with Shi Biao and surrendered to Li Shiqi. Dou Jiande was captured when he attacked Hebei, and returned to the Tang Dynasty after Dou Jiande's demise to build Prince Li. After the change of Xuanwu Gate, he joined Li Shimin. Because of his gratitude, he knows everything and is famous for making suggestions. Li Shimin trusted him all his life. Li Shimin commented that Fang was the first assistant before Zhenguan and the first assistant after Zhenguan. Zhenguan died in sixteen years.
5. Liang Guogong and Fang
Li Shimin's main staff, good at strategy. After Tang Gaozu arose, he sent Li Shimin to attack Weibei, and was recommended by Wen Yanbo to join the Li Shimin shogunate. He was regarded as a confidant and participated in all the battles in Li Shimin. The mastermind of the change of Xuanwu Gate. After he ascended the throne, Li Shimin was rewarded for his achievements and compared to Xiao He of the Han Dynasty. Zhenguan has been in power for nearly 20 years and won the trust of Li Shimin. When Li Shimin went to North Korea, he was entrusted with the important task of staying behind. Zhenguan died in the twenty-third year.
6. Open a stone three, Shangshu Youshe, Shen Guogong Gao Shilian
Li Shimin's grandson, Sun Chang Wuji's own uncle, whose father died early, was actually brought up by Gao Shilian. Gao is very valued and betrothed his eldest grandson. Because he offended Yang Guang, he was sent to Lingnan. Then there was chaos in the Central Plains, and he was cut off from the outside world. He didn't return until Li Jing destroyed Xiao Xiannan's tour. He was good at administration and literature, and was Li Shimin's confidant. He participated in planning the change of Xuanwu Gate.
7. Kaifu Yitong No.3 Division and Weichi Gong, Duke of Hubei.
Originally the Ministry of Liu Wuzhou, Liu Wuzhou surrendered to Li Shimin after its demise. At first, he was distrusted by the generals and almost executed, but Li Shimin insisted on using him. During the decisive battle between Tang and Zheng, he can ride the savior alone, and he can hold his ground. Since then, he has participated in all previous battles in Li Shimin as a brave general. The main function of the Xuanwumen Rebellion was to personally kill Yuanji, the king of Qi, and forced Tang Gaozu to make Li Shimin the prince, and won the first prize. When the Turks invaded the country, they won by cavalry, which laid the foundation for peace in Li Shimin. After the world is stable, there is no place to live, and you can stay at home in your later years and finally enjoy your life.
8. Tekin, Li Jing, Gong Weiguo
It is a typical example of "doing the work worse than doing it". He tried to expose the rebellion in Tang Gaozu, so he was almost executed by Tang Gaozu, but fortunately he was saved by Li Shimin. Later, he made meritorious deeds to help Li govern Bashu, eliminate filial piety and assist the public. He was rated as an "excellent assistant" by Ethan. Refused to woo Li Shimin, and did not participate in the change of Xuanwu Gate. During Zhenguan's reign, he was responsible for resisting the Turks and successfully destroying the Turkic regime, with unparalleled military achievements. Later, he went out and wiped out Tuyuhun's forces. Because of his high military ability, he was suspected and accused of rebellion many times. In order to avoid suspicion, he voluntarily retired at home until he died of old age.
9. Tejin, Song Guogong Xiao Yu
Yang Di's younger brother, Xiao Hou, regards consorts as the important ministers of Yang Di. Because he opposed going to South Korea, he was demoted to Hechi County Order. After taking office, he was attacked by Xue Ju and struggled to resist. After Li Yuan started his army, he joined the Tang Dynasty. He was good at administration and was reused by Li Yuan all his life. After Li Shimin acceded to the throne, he offended Li Shimin many times because of discord with Fang Lingxuan and Du Ruhui, and his career was ups and downs, but he never "reformed". Later, Li Shimin evaluated it as "a strong grass in a flurry and a loyal minister swaying".
10. Paragraph, Fuguo general, Yangzhou secretariat, brave man.
Li Yuan, the former headquarters of Taiyuan, was a hero of the first righteousness. He took part in all the important battles in Li Tang and was famous for his bravery. When the Li Shimin brothers argued, they refused to win the support of Cheng Jian and Yuan Ji, remained loyal to Li Shimin, and took part in the Xuanwu Gate Revolution. His people run the army rigorously, and Li Shimin rated it as "unparalleled in Zhou Yafu". Zhenguan died in sixteen years.
1 1. Guo Fu generals Liu Hongji and Wei Xiao.
Ranger, when Yang Di was in Korea, he fled to Taiyuan to attach himself to Li Yuan in order to escape military service. When Taiyuan started his army, he and his grandson Shunde were responsible for recruiting warriors and made great contributions. On the way to attack Chang 'an, he killed Song Laosheng, the main commander of Sui Dynasty, in the Battle of Huoyi. After conquering Chang 'an, he was awarded the first-class meritorious service. Xue Ju was defeated in shallow water and all of them were captured. Destroy Hou Xue and be rescued. Liu Wuzhou was defeated and captured when he attacked Taiyuan, but he escaped by himself. After that, he cooperated with Li Shimin and annihilated Song Jingang in Jiexiu. Due to the deterioration of the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the Turks, they were stationed in the north all the year round to resist the Turks. During the Zhenguan period, he went to Korea with Li Shimin. Tang Gaozong is dead.
12. Shang Shu Zuo Fu set, Jiang Zhong Gong Qu Tu Tong
Originally a general in Sui Dynasty, he served as an official in Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty and Yang Guang with outstanding achievements. Yang Guang's southern tour of Jiangdu entrusted him with the important task of guarding Chang 'an. Tang Gaozu attacked Chang 'an, and Qu Tutong led his troops to death. Exhausted, he tried to commit suicide and finally surrendered to Tang Gaozu, who was appointed Minister of Military and Political Affairs. Since then, he took part in all the major military actions in the Tang Dynasty, especially the action of destroying the king, and won the first place in the meritorious military service. He was ordered to guard Luoyang and died in the first year of Zhenguan.
13. Right servant shoots, and Yun Jie opens a mountain shade on the platform of Shaanxi East Road.
Taiyuan, the former headquarters of Tang Gaozu, defected to Tang Gaozu and participated in the attack on Chang 'an. When attacking Xue Ju, he was defeated in shallow water, and was investigated for responsibility together with Liu Wenjing, and was demoted to Shu Ren. Later, after Xue Yougong was destroyed, he was re-appointed. He took part in all the battles in Li Shimin, and died when he attacked Liu Heita. He was the first of the heroes in Lingyange to die.
14. Jingzhou secretariat Chai Shao and qiaocheng xianggong
Tang Gaozu's husband married Princess Pingyang. Tang gaozu was in Chang 'an when he started fighting, but he escaped and went to Taiyuan. Participate in important battles such as conquering Chang 'an and destroying Xue Ju, Liu Wuzhou, Wang and Dou Jiande. During the Zhenguan period, as the king of the country, the last capital against the king was destroyed. Zhenguan died in the twelfth year.
15. Jingzhou secretariat Sun Shunde and Xi Xianggong
Uncle and spouse of Li Shimin's eldest grandson. When he sent troops to Korea, he fled to Taiyuan to escape military service, attached himself to Li Yuan, and made friends with Li's father and son. Taiyuan, together with Liu Hongji, was responsible for recruiting warriors and made great contributions. When he attacked Chang 'an, he was a pioneer and captured Qu Tutong, commander-in-chief of Sui Dynasty. After that, the credit is not obvious. The change of Xuanwu Gate acted as a thug. During the Zhenguan period, Li Shimin was impeached for corruption many times, so he had to be demoted and died.
16. Sean, Governor of Luozhou, Duke Yun Guogong.
Originally a subordinate of Shi Mi, he belonged to Li Shiji, and followed Li in the Tang Dynasty. Fang and Li Shiqi recommended him to the Li Shimin shogunate. When the Li Shimin brothers were fighting, they were sent to Luoyang to recruit private parties, but Yuanji handed them over and put them in prison. Zhang refused to confess, sheltered and made great contributions. During the Zhenguan period, he won the trust because of his good governance, and also exposed Hou's rebellion and made meritorious deeds with Korea. However, due to good witchcraft, his reputation gradually deteriorated. After twenty years of Zhenguan, he was accused of rebellion and punished.
17. Official ministers Guanglu, Chen Guogong, Hou.
Li Shimin's confidant, served as his staff all the year round. The main planner of the change of Xuanwu Gate. During the Zhenguan period, Li Jing was appointed as the deputy commander-in-chief to defeat Tuguhun and the main commander-in-chief to destroy Gaochang. After returning to Korea, he was impeached for embezzling Gao Chang's booty, and he held a grudge for it. In the struggle for the crown prince, Li Shimin's philosophers attached themselves to Prince Li Chenggan and attempted to murder Li Shimin, but they were all killed.
18. General Zuo and Yong Xianggong Zhang
Originally a subordinate of the king, he surrendered to the Tang Dynasty and was recommended by Li Jing to enter the shogunate. He was appreciated for his participation in planning the Xuanwumen rebellion, and served as the main thug in the incident, making great contributions. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he became the deputy commander-in-chief of Excavate, resisting the Turks and helping Excavate to eliminate the Turks. The next year, at the age of 39, he passed away.
19. General Zuo and Lu Guogong Cheng Zhijie
Cheng, whose real name was a veteran of the Wagang Army, fled to the king after Shi Biao's defeat. Because he was dissatisfied with the king, he went to Tang with Qin and was assigned to the account. Participated in all previous battles in Li Shimin. The main thug of Xuanwumen rebellion. Tang Gaozong went to He Lu to slaughter surrendered civilians, so he was relieved of his post and died.
20.※ Shangshu, south of Gong Yu, Yongxing, Wen Yi
The younger brother of Yu Shiqi, a traitor in Sui Dynasty, was famous for his literature since childhood. After Jiangdu mutiny, Yu Wenhuaji was forced to return to the north, Yuwen was destroyed and returned to Dou Jiande. After Dou died, he entered the shogunate. Since then, he devoted himself to assisting Li Shimin, and he was appraised as five unique qualities: virtue, loyalty, erudition, diction and writing. Zhenguan died in the twelfth year.
2 1. Book of Ministers and Chongqing Xianggong Liu Zheng Hui
When Tang gaozu stayed behind, he was an old subordinate of Taiyuan. Together with Tang gaozu, he rose up and took the lead. After that, he was responsible for staying in Taiyuan, and Liu Wuzhou was captured when he attacked. Loyal and unyielding, but also looking for opportunities to spy on Liu Wuzhou's military intelligence secret Tang Gaozu. Liu Wuzhou was rescued after his downfall. He was a minister of punishments and died in Zhenguan for nine years.
22. Dr. Guanglu, Shangshu, and Tang Jian of Ju Guogong.
Tang and Li are both ministers of the Northern Qi Dynasty, and they have the friendship of family friends. Tang Jian is also a friend of Tang gaozu. Participated in the planning of Taiyuan Li Yuan uprising, and was the first hero. The greatest contribution is to expose Dugu Huai 'en's rebellion and be exempted from capital punishment. In the early years of Zhenguan, he was in charge of foreign affairs with Turks, and was "murdered" by Li Jing, but miraculously escaped. Later, he was appointed Minister of Civil Affairs, and was demoted for being lazy. Tang Gaozong died in 1920.
23. Dr. Guanglu, Minister of War Shangshu, Duke of England Xu Shiqi
The child was originally a general of Wagangjun, starting from Zhai Rang and following Shi Biao after Zhai Rang's death. Shi Mi became an independent force after the fall of Tang Dynasty, but he still insisted on the fall of Tang Dynasty as Shi Mi's subordinate to show that he did not forget his old master. Li Yuan called him a "pure minister". After being attacked by Dou Jiande, he had to surrender because his father was held hostage by Dou. Plotting to assassinate Dou returned to the Tang Dynasty, but failed and narrowly escaped. With, Wang, Dou Jiande and Liu Heita, Xu Yuanlang was destroyed, and Fu Gong was destroyed with Li. Refused to woo Li Shimin, and did not participate in the change of Xuanwu Gate. During the Zhenguan period, he died in Turkey with Li Jing. In the following sixteen years, he was in charge of the defense of the northern Tang Dynasty, defeated Xue Yantuo's army many times, and attacked Korea with Li Shimin. After Li Shimin's death, he assisted Tang Gaozong, was entrusted with a military post, and served as the main commander to go to North Korea again, eventually destroying North Korea. Tang Gaozong re-portrayed his image in Lingyange. He died the year after the destruction of Korea.
24. Xuzhou viceroy and Huzhuang Gongqin
Originally a brave general of Zhang Xutuo's subordinates, Zhang returned to Pei's subordinates after his death and surrendered with Pei. Shi Biao became the general of Wagangjun. He made great contributions in the battle between Shi Biao and Yu Wenhuaji Tongshan. After Shi Biao failed, he surrendered to the king. Because he was dissatisfied with Wang's character, he went to Tang and was assigned to the account. Participated in all previous battles in Li Shimin, and charged first in each battle. The main thug of Xuanwumen rebellion. Later, due to too many injuries in previous battles and illness, twenty-four heroes of Lingyange in the Tang Dynasty died in the twelfth year of Zhenguan, trying to recreate Chang 'an.
Cai Changlin, a researcher and painter from Shaanxi History Museum, recreated the Hero Map of Tang Lingyan Pavilion, and recently reappeared the Ziyunlou cloister of Tang Furong Garden. The author shows the great achievements of the founding fathers of the Tang Dynasty and the magnificent temperament of the prosperous Tang Dynasty with the pen of genius. This is the most authoritative and unique stone mural in Lingyange at present.
The restored "Twenty-four Jietu of the Founding of the People's Republic of China" is carved from mirror granite, with biographies reviewed by experts, all written in Chu Suiliang's brushwork. "People" is based on the data of murals in the Tang Dynasty and traditional figures statues in China. It inherits the spirit of similar works of predecessors, integrates the author's research results on murals in the Tang Dynasty, and provides vivid and accurate images and words for the world to understand the founding history of the Tang Dynasty.
The heroic picture of Lingyange is the spring of Zhenguan seventeen years in Tang Dynasty (AD 643). Emperor Taizong Li Shimin praised Sun Chang Wuji, Wei Zhi, Wei Chijingde and other founding fathers, personally praised them, and ordered Chu Suiliang to inscribe the pavilion, which was painted by painter Yan. Therefore, it became a masterpiece of literary talent, painting and calligraphy in the early Tang Dynasty. Praised by historians of past dynasties. At the same time, this tradition of praising and respecting virtues has been carried forward and continues to this day. Because the Lingyan Pavilion was destroyed by the war, the picture of the Twenty-four Heroes can only be seen in the descriptions of historians and poets, and there is no image to test. Only the four stone fragments carved by Shi Xiong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, are unrecognizable. Although there were engravings in Liuyuan in Suzhou in Qing Dynasty, it was far from tang style.
Mr. Lin of Cai Chang, who is good at painting cultural relics, gives full play to the resource advantages of his museum scholars. In more than two years, he consulted a large number of historical documents and images of cultural relics, visited and inspected related historical relics, and used the Internet to visit famous artists all over the world, textual research historical facts, and carefully created them, making them an important achievement in Tang Wenhua research and a new bright spot in Xi tourism.