1. The importance of carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education in primary and secondary schools
1. Young people are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation. Carrying out and cultivating national spiritual education among hundreds of millions of primary and secondary school students is an important step in thoroughly implementing the important thought of "Three Represents" and the spirit of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, strengthening the ideological and moral construction of young people, and comprehensively The need to implement quality education and promote the all-round development of people is an inevitable requirement for the Chinese national spirit to be passed on and carried forward from generation to generation, and it is a basic project to strengthen the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.
2． Faced with the mutual agitation of various ideologies and cultures around the world, hostile forces in the West are pursuing "Westernization", "differentiation" and attempts to compete for the next generation. Faced with the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and the historical task of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, In the face of an increasingly open environment and the new requirements of developing a socialist market economy, it is important to carry out education on promoting and cultivating national spirit in primary and secondary schools, continuously enhance the recognition and confidence of young people in the excellent national culture, inspire the national spirit, and gather national strength. A very urgent task.
2. Guiding ideas and implementation principles for primary and secondary schools to carry out and cultivate national spiritual education
3. The guiding ideology for carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education in primary and secondary schools is: guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", based on the characteristics and laws of young people's physical and mental development, adhering to the principle of educating people and focusing on In practice, we educate and guide students to establish the communist ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics and a correct world outlook, outlook on life, and values, constantly enhance national self-esteem, self-confidence, and pride, and strive to cultivate and create people who are ideal, moral, and competent. Socialist builders and successors who are cultured, disciplined, and comprehensively developed morally, intellectually, physically, and aesthetically.
4. Primary and secondary schools must follow the following principles when carrying out education to carry forward and cultivate national spirit:
——The principle of taking students as the main body and focusing on practice. It is necessary to respect students, fully mobilize students' enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and guide students to learn independently, educate themselves and develop actively. Adhere to the integration of education with productive labor and social practice, and enable students to experience, comprehend, and identify with the national spirit in social practice activities through rich and colorful social practice activities; focus on the unity of knowledge and action, encourage and guide students to practice it in actual social life, and promote national spirit.
——The principle of highlighting key points and reflecting characteristics. We must take patriotism education as the core, focus on traditional Chinese virtues and revolutionary tradition education, and vigorously carry out history education and national conditions education on the Chinese revolution, socialist construction, and reform and opening up. Starting from the actual study and life of students, starting from the issues that students are most concerned about, being good at exploring and utilizing various local resources that embody the national spirit, speaking with facts and models, and carrying out educational activities in languages ??that students are familiar with and in ways that they like to hear and see. Move people with emotion, move people with things, and convince people with reason.
——The principle of integrating school, family and society. It is necessary to carry out the promotion and cultivation of national spiritual education as a systematic project, fully integrate and utilize various educational resources from schools, families, and society, and coordinate the forces of all parties to form a joint force. Special attention should be paid to the positive impact of family education and community education on the growth of primary and secondary school students, and efforts should be made to create a good social education environment.
——The principle of advancing with the times and pioneering and innovating. To carry out education to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit, we must not only inherit and carry forward good experiences and practices that have been effective for a long time, but also keep up with the pace of the times, constantly update concepts, and actively explore and innovate in content, methods, means, and mechanisms. , adopt new technologies, open up new channels, and occupy new positions.
3. The main content of primary and secondary schools in carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education
5. Patriotism is the core of the national spirit. When primary and secondary schools carry out education to carry forward and cultivate national spirit, they must hold high the banner of patriotism, advocate all ideas and spirits that are conducive to national unity, the reunification of the motherland, and the cohesion of people's hearts, and advocate all ideas and spirits that are conducive to national prosperity, social progress, and people's happiness. All thoughts and spirits that create a better life through honest work.
Guide students to establish the concept that loving the motherland and serving the people is the greatest honor, and harming the interests of the country and people, and national dignity is the greatest shame.
——Patriotism and socialism are closely integrated. Understand the great achievements made in socialist modernization since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, and the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and understand the historic progress and bright future of socialist China.
——China is a unified multi-ethnic country. Understand that ethnic equality, ethnic unity and the common prosperity of all ethnic groups are the basic principles for handling ethnic relations in our country. Defending national sovereignty and territorial integrity is the obligation of citizens. Completing the great cause of the reunification of the motherland is one of the three historical tasks of the Chinese nation. , consciously safeguard national unity and national unity, oppose national division, and fight against all acts that split the motherland.
——China is a peace-loving country. Understand China's independent foreign policy of peace and diplomatic achievements. Peace and development are the themes of today's era. Maintaining world peace and promoting common development are the common aspirations of people of all countries. China is an important force in maintaining world peace. , enhance the awareness of loving peace, opposing aggression, and opposing hegemonism and power politics.
6． The education of traditional Chinese virtues and revolutionary traditions is the focus of primary and secondary schools in carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education. Help students understand the history and fine traditions of the Chinese nation, the contribution of the splendid culture created by the Chinese nation to human development, the major historical events and famous historical figures that have influenced the development of Chinese history, the profound disasters of the Chinese nation in modern times and the brave resistance to violence. history, especially the history of the Communist Party of China leading the people to fight heroically and achieve victory. Cultivate students' love for the party, patriotism, and love for socialism.
——The Chinese nation is a nation with fine traditions. Understand the excellent traditional virtues nurtured in five thousand years of history, such as impartiality and selflessness, hatred of evil, honesty and faith, no empty talk, abstaining from extravagance and frugality, guarding against mistakes, self-examination, open-mindedness, gentleness, courtesy and thrift, etc. And the spirit of selfless dedication; the patriotic sentiment of "live and die for the benefit of the country, and how to avoid misfortunes and blessings"; the lofty sentiment of "worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness" Ambition; the high-spirited spirit of self-improvement, hard work, hard work and bravery; the awe-inspiring righteousness of "wealth and wealth cannot be immoral, poverty and lowliness cannot be moved, and power cannot be surrendered"; the broad mind of being virtuous and benefiting the world; the heroic spirit of being unyielding, sacrificing one's life for righteousness, and acting bravely when it comes to justice. ; The social ideal of "taking the world as one's own responsibility"; the social custom of "do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you", etc.
——The Communist Party of China is the inheritor and creator of the national spirit. Understand the revolutionary and desperate spirit shown by the Communist Party of China in leading the Chinese people in the struggle to build New China, the spirit of strict discipline and self-sacrifice, the spirit of selflessness and putting others before oneself, the spirit of overcoming all enemies and overcoming all difficulties, The spirit of adhering to revolutionary optimism and overcoming all difficulties to strive for victory includes not only the Jinggangshan Spirit, the Long March Spirit, the Yan'an Spirit, the Hongyan Spirit, the Xibaipo Spirit, etc. formed in the revolutionary war years, but also the spirit formed in the practice of socialist construction and reform and opening up. Daqing spirit, two bombs and one star spirit, Lei Feng spirit, 64-character entrepreneurial spirit, flood fighting spirit, anti-SARS spirit, manned spaceflight spirit, etc.
7. The spirit of innovation is an important part of the national spirit. Help students understand that innovation is the soul of national progress and an inexhaustible driving force for the prosperity of a country. To carry forward and cultivate the national spirit must not only inherit fine traditions, but also reflect the requirements of the progress of the times, draw nutrients from the times and social development and progress, and continuously Enrich and develop the connotation of the national spirit. Guide students to actively explore, forge ahead and be brave in innovation.
——The Chinese nation is a nation rich in creativity. Understand that the Chinese nation has not only created a splendid material civilization in its long-term historical development, but also formed a spirit of self-reliance, hard work, and forging ahead despite difficulties. The creative spirit and innovative ability of the entire society and the entire nation are the key to promoting the comprehensive construction of a moderately prosperous society and the realization of the Chinese nation. A powerful force for the great rejuvenation of the nation, we strive to cultivate the idea of ????respecting labor, respecting knowledge, respecting talents, and respecting creation.
——The Chinese nation is a nation that is good at learning. Understand that learning is the basis of innovation, be based on the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, strive to learn the excellent history and culture of the Chinese nation, face the world with an open spirit, learn from the strengths of other nations in the world with an open mind, and strive to cultivate the quality of seeking knowledge and progress, and constantly making progress.
4. Implementation methods for carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education in primary and secondary schools
8. Various disciplines organically penetrate national spiritual education, and incorporate the promotion and cultivation of national spiritual education into the entire process of primary and secondary education, running through all links and aspects of school education and teaching. Moral education courses in primary and secondary schools and humanities and social science courses such as Chinese and history must fully reflect the rich connotation of the national spirit. Science courses such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and science should be integrated with teaching content to enrich the scientific achievements and national spirit of Chinese scientists. Art (music, art) classes should include the appreciation of classic folk music, folk songs, national dramas and the appreciation of Chinese painting and calligraphy. Physical education classes should include an appropriate amount of content such as Chinese martial arts.
9. Pay attention to carrying out theme education activities. Make full use of traditional ethnic festivals such as the Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival, and important festivals such as "May 1st", "May 4th", "June 1st", "July 1st", "August 1st", and "National Day", and "July 7th" On the anniversaries of important events and important figures such as the Incident, the September 18th Incident, and the December 9th Movement, thematic school (class) meetings and team meetings will be held, and revolutionary ancestors and heroic models from various industries will be invited to give reports. , tell stories, organize students to watch films and television films that reflect the great national spirit, etc. Through morning meetings, classroom teaching, extracurricular activities and other means, we organize and carry out reading activities of classic mottos and poems that embody traditional Chinese virtues and revolutionary traditions; we teach and sing songs with patriotism as the main melody, and regularly hold student singing competitions and theatrical performances and other activities.
10． Actively carry out social practice activities. Regularly organize visits to patriotic education bases, pay homage to revolutionary holy sites and sites, pay homage to martyrs' tombs, commemorate national heroes, lofty ideals, and revolutionary martyrs, learn from their noble moral character and touching deeds, and conduct revolutionary traditional education; visit cities, rural areas, and historical sites, Understand the achievements of reform and opening up and the long history and culture of the motherland; organize and carry out educational activities such as essay collection, speeches, lectures, knowledge competitions, and social surveys. Give full play to the educational role of students' off-campus activity venues and social practice bases. The total time for students to participate in various extracurricular activities and social practice activities is generally no less than 20 days per school year for junior high school students, and no less than 30 days per school year for ordinary high school students.
11. Strengthen the construction of campus cultural environment. Adhere to the system of raising and lowering the national flag. A solemn and grand flag-raising ceremony must be held every Monday, important holidays, anniversaries, and large-scale group activities. The national flag must be raised and lowered every day. Speeches under the flag should be held every week. All primary and secondary school students should be able to sing the national anthem. Schools should combine reality and make full use of propaganda positions such as campus radio, television, campus websites, shop windows, blackboard newspapers, and cultural corridors to vigorously publicize and carry forward the national spirit; post and hang portraits of revolutionary leaders and outstanding figures of the Chinese nation on campus, and make productions that reflect the national spirit We use light boxes, quotation boards, etc. to actively carry out activities to create a safe and civilized campus and create a strong campus atmosphere that promotes and cultivates the national spirit.
5. Guarantee measures for primary and secondary schools to carry out national spiritual education
12. Effectively strengthen the leadership in carrying out education work to promote and cultivate the national spirit. Party committees and governments at all levels must raise their awareness and, in a spirit of truth-seeking and pragmatism, regard carrying forward and cultivating the national spirit as an aspect of implementing the "Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors" Important tasks should be put on an important agenda, leadership should be effectively strengthened, and necessary financial, material and human support should be provided. Propaganda, education and other departments at all levels should formulate specific implementation methods based on the spirit of this "Outline" and combined with local realities, go deep into schools to understand the situation, study problems, summarize experiences, and guide work. The education department should set up special funds for moral education in primary and secondary schools.
Propaganda and education departments should proactively work closely with relevant departments and mass organizations, give full play to the advantages of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, Women's Federation and other mass organizations, organize and carry out a variety of educational activities, and work together to promote the promotion of education in primary and secondary schools and cultivating national spiritual education.
13. Establish a “National Spirit Month for Primary and Secondary Schools to Promote and Cultivate” system. In order to deepen the education on carrying forward and cultivating the national spirit, and on the basis of regular publicity and education work, it was decided that starting from 2004, every September will be the "Promoting and Cultivating the National Spirit Month in Primary and Secondary Schools". All localities should carry out publicity and education activities focusing on traditional Chinese virtues and revolutionary traditions in conjunction with the start of the new school year, the entrance education for new students, the celebration of Teachers' Day, the September 20 "Citizen Morality Promotion Day" and the celebration of National Day.
14. Incorporate the promotion and cultivation of national spirit into education and teaching plans. Carrying forward and cultivating the national spirit is the common task of all educational and teaching activities in primary and secondary schools, and it must be organically penetrated and integrated into the teaching activities of each course. One hour should be allocated every week to carry out relevant educational activities, and at least one school-wide themed educational activity should be organized every semester. The principals of primary and secondary schools must take overall responsibility for carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education. The school party organization must play a core political role. The school trade union, *** Youth League, and Young Pioneers must fully play their role. All faculty and staff must teach and educate people. Manage and educate people, serve and educate people, take the initiative to assume the due responsibilities of promoting and cultivating national spiritual education, and pay special attention to the role of the class teacher.
15． Further strengthen the construction and management of patriotic education bases and off-campus activity venues for young students. Patriotic education bases such as various museums, memorial halls, exhibition halls, and martyrs’ cemeteries must carefully organize special exhibitions and traveling exhibitions for primary and secondary school students, and create all conditions to provide free admission for primary and secondary school students to visit collectively, and to offer half-ticket or free admission to individual students. . It is necessary to hire professionals, recruit volunteers and other methods to establish a team of full-time and part-time counselors to provide services for primary and secondary school students to carry out visiting activities. When formulating school fee policies, local education administrative departments must fully consider the actual needs of students for watching movies and participating in social practice and other related activities. Patriotic education bases and off-campus activity venues for young students should put social benefits first, firmly establish a sense of service, strengthen system construction, improve internal management, and improve educational results.
16． Actively create a social environment conducive to carrying forward and cultivating national spiritual education. Mass media such as radio, television, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet must strengthen publicity and reporting on promoting and cultivating the national spirit, conscientiously run youth TV channels, create and publish a number of films, audio-visual products, and literary and artistic works that young people love, and enrich and rich educational resources. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the social and cultural market, purify the social and cultural market, strictly investigate and deal with violent, pornographic, and decadent social and cultural products, strengthen the management of the security environment around campus, strengthen the supervision of the Internet, and crack down on Internet illegal activities. There shall be no commercial Internet cafes, Internet service venues and social entertainment venues that are not conducive to the healthy growth of young students within 200 meters of primary and secondary schools.
17. Carrying out education to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit is an important part of students' ideological and moral construction. The situation of students in carrying out education to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit should be regarded as an important part of the ideological and moral evaluation of students and included in the student moral evaluation system. Each locality can put forward specific requirements for students and formulate specific standards based on the actual conditions of the region.
18. Strengthen supervision and evaluation and establish a recognition and reward mechanism. The promotion and cultivation of national spiritual education should be regarded as an important part of the assessment of local spiritual civilization construction and an important indicator of the assessment of school work. Schools and educators with outstanding performance should be commended and rewarded regularly. In conjunction with the evaluation work of national spiritual civilization construction, we regularly select advanced units in moral education in primary and secondary schools, vigorously publicize their advanced experiences and deeds, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the promotion and cultivation of national spiritual education.