The first four sentences of this poem are about buying flowers and carefully cultivating them: "Lotus branches are not as old as Qin Heng, full of gold?" Spring grass. The water is full of fragrant mud, but the moon basin, and the green room welcomes Xiaobai all night. "Lotus branches are straight outside, and their flowers are fragrant. Although it is not stained with mud, it has always been regarded as the flower of a gentleman with high self-esteem. Although the flowers in Qin Heng are not beautiful, they are full of fragrance, and they have always been known as a gentleman in flowers who leads an honest and clean life. In the first sentence, the poet did not write peony directly, but used "Lotus Branch" and "Qin Heng" as a foil. Don't say that the imperial city is at dusk in spring, just say that the lotus branches have not yet emerged, and Qin Heng has withered. This not only accurately and vividly explains the opening season of peony, but also subtly implies the hazy social atmosphere at that time through the untimely birth of noble flowers. Sigh and resentment are beyond words. The second sentence is "carrying gold on horseback?" ""Spring Grass "is about the scene of princes and nobles fighting for peony. This is a close-up, vivid, profound and penetrating. The cost of writing peony is high. There is a saying in Xu Hun that "peony has nothing to do recently, and it costs tens of thousands to buy a nest" ("Peony"). The value and price are seriously deviated, which is amazing; There are so many people vying to buy it. Liu Yuxi's sentence "Only peony is the true national color, and the flowers bloom and fall before the capital moves" ("Appreciating Peony") is jaw-dropping, but these poems are far less shocking to readers than congratulations. "Tens of thousands of dollars" can be counted, but "traveling with money" cannot be measured; Moving the capital only depends on the scene, while riding a horse with gold only depends on the identity of the bidder, so it can give people more artistic associations and emotional impulses; At the same time, "a tree is worth a thousand dollars" and "moving the capital" are objective and rational judgments and descriptions of appearances, which can not give people an intuitive visual infection and perspective of phenomena, so they can not effectively reveal the ideological connotation. Riding a Horse with Gold on the Back contains abstract values in the visual image, which makes it more dynamic and eye-catching, so it has more artistic inspiration. The word "tuo" in the sentence is very vivid and weighty. It reflects the intuitive contrast and sharp contrast between the heavy money of "car-mounted horse bag" and the small "spring grass" bought back. In contrast, people can see the absurdity of aristocratic behavior at a glance. The word "go" at the beginning of the sentence not only shows the eagerness of princes and nobles to buy flowers, but also reveals the lively scene when they snapped up the whole city, which fully shows their enthusiasm. Then I wrote about the meticulous cultivation of the peony I bought: "Water fills the fragrant mud but the moon basin, and the green room welcomes the white all night." "They raised the peony in a delicate half-moon flowerpot, filled it with water and sealed it with mud. The green bud (green room) opened the next morning. Here, instead of watering the flowers, we use "water irrigation" to write the urgent mood of longing for flowers; Don't talk about fertile soil, just say "fragrant mud", a word "fragrance", and write meticulous care and love. The container for planting flowers is the "sparrow moon basin", which not only shows its unique and exquisite appearance, but also gives people association. Its shape is like the moon, and its clear ice is like the moon and jade-like texture image is reflected in my mind. At the same time, the exquisiteness of the basin further sets off the exquisiteness and delicacy of the flowers. It's a dream come true, the plants are affectionate, and the "spring grass" has become a burning flower overnight.
The next four sentences are princes and nobles enjoying flowers: "The beauty is drunk in the smoke garden, and the evening flowers are scattered and the butterflies stop." Always go to Luoyi, and the wind blows the strings of Shu. "These four sentences mean that in the garden, princes and nobles drink for fun. Until the garden was shrouded in dusk smoke, the beautiful women were still talking drunkenly. Peony petals have begun to fall, and the bees and butterflies who pick flowers have left. Although the precious flowers have withered, the receptacle of peony still remains on the branches. The beautiful women danced with the accompaniment of Shu (the name of Yuefu), while the princes and nobles were already depressed.
This floor was originally written about flower viewing, but the process of flower viewing was not mentioned at all. From the early morning, "a green room welcomes a white night", I suddenly crossed to the evening when the banquet is coming to an end. The jump of time and space is entirely to obey the needs of the theme. Because the purpose of princes and nobles is not to see peonies, but to show off their wealth and play with beautiful women. Here, the poet pays special attention to the description of scenery and the rendering of atmosphere, so that readers can build a bridge of association between images. Although peony is worth tens of thousands of plants, it is extremely expensive. But it was planted in the "Liang Wang" garden, and it was just a trivial ornament. When flowers bloom in a day, princes and nobles, butterflies seeking novelty and novelty, have long lost their spirit and sought new excitement. And those singers and dancers who want to laugh at dinner are just playthings in the hands of princes and nobles, just like peony. This profoundly reveals the life style of princes and nobles from the depth and intensity. The "beauty" in the poem corresponds to "late flowers", "drunken language", "smoke in the garden", "butterfly" and "Liang Wang" one by one, which not only exaggerates the rich atmosphere of being drunk and dreaming of death, but also is suggestive, inspiring readers to think about the essence of life through superficial scenes.
The last four sentences write "Abandon flowers": "The ceremony will drag the Shu account until it is faint, and the blush will fall." Where does Tan Lang Xie Nv sleep? On the balcony, the bright moon is in the sky and the night is whispering. "The general idea is: As night falls, the curtains covering the flowers darken; After the banquet, the flowers carved with powder and jade began to wither. Where do the boys and girls who enjoy flowers sleep now? They were whispering like swallows in the luxurious pavilion next to the flowers. Here, the poet wrote the abandoned peony in anthropomorphic way. By asking questions, the meaning of the question was clarified. The word "Xie" makes peony seem to have human character and feelings; The word "where to sleep" indicates that "Tan Lang Xie Nv" is an informal couple with no fixed pavilion. They are a group of "wild mandarin ducks"; The word "sleep" vividly outlines the lewdness, shame and ugliness of princes and nobles, and reveals their dirty and despicable spiritual world, thus enriching the connotation of poetry and greatly enhancing the sharpness of criticism.
Li He's poems are very artistic. In order to understand its unique style more clearly, we might as well compare it with Bai Juyi's Buy Flowers.
First of all, white poems are popular and lively, and children can understand them, while Li's poems are concise and sharp, with implicit style and profound meaning. Baishi: "The Imperial Capital is dying in spring, and it is noisy. * * * If you say peony, you will buy flowers with you. " This is a scene of buying peony, which is vivid and vivid, and its feelings are like eyes; There is also Shi Li's poem "Lotus branches are not long, Qin Heng is old, carrying gold?" There are only two sentences in "Spring Grass", which not only contains the meaning of the four sentences of Bai Shi, but also includes the following: "The price is impermanent, and the reward value depends on the number of flowers; Burn a hundred red flowers and press five bundles of vegetarian food. " Not only that, but from the poem "burning a hundred red flowers and pressing five bundles of vegetarian food", it can be seen that the buyer is really distressed that five bundles of silk are exchanged for a hundred peonies, and Shi Li is "riding a horse and carrying gold" and spending money like water. Compared with the two, Li's poems can be described as highly concise, which captures the essence of luxury of rulers. Another example is to describe the meticulous care of peony, and the white poem is the method and process of writing "putting on curtains and weaving fences". The water is spilled and sealed with mud, and the color is the same. "It can be said that the details are specific and carefully cared for. Although there are only two sentences: "the water is filled with fragrant mud, but the moon basin, and the green room welcomes all night", it can vividly show the wealth and love of the "spring grass" in Wang Park. In terms of artistic expression, Bai poetry is basically an objective and straightforward narrative, and finally uses Weng's words to express his feelings. And Li Heshi completely let the image speak. Through a series of special pictures, the decadent life of princes and nobles is revealed. The angle is novel, seeing the big from the small, with profound connotation and strong irony.
Secondly, due to the different artistic expression techniques and angles of the two poets, there are obvious differences in the emphasis and depth of exposure. The key point of the white poem is to write "buy flowers": "a bunch of dark flowers, ten households are blessed", which is intended to persuade the rulers to think about this amazing and shameful waste. Shi Li focuses on "playing with flowers". Although a peony needs to be "filled with gold" and planted in the gardens of princes and nobles, it is only a trivial ornament, which can only be enjoyed for a moment between banquets. After the song and dance banquet, throw it away like dirt. By writing that the purchase value is high and the use value is insignificant, in sharp contrast, it is revealed that the rulers spend a lot of money every day and spend a lot of money; It is cruel for them to exploit and extract the people, but it is as light as a feather to abandon them. It really means "spend as much money as possible." Because it can profoundly reveal the decadent life essence of rulers, it has a typical artistic image, and its theme and social significance are deeper and more prominent than those of white poems. Selected Poems of Li He: This poem of Li He, through a life segment of a prince and nobleman buying flowers and enjoying them, profoundly reveals the decay and decline of the ruling class in the Tang Dynasty, thus revealing a theme with profound social significance, which can be said to be sharper and deeper than Bai (Juyi) poems.