1, Su Shi's attitude towards life has become a paradigm admired by later scholars: advancing and retreating freely, not being humiliated. Because Su Shi integrated the two attitudes of feudal scholars on the same value scale, he was able to keep calm and go all out. Of course, this paradigm is more suitable for scholars who have suffered from ups and downs, and it can lead to a life of integrity and abundance, which is exactly what scholars in the past dynasties after the Song Dynasty hoped to do.
2. Su Shi's aesthetic attitude provides an enlightening aesthetic paradigm for later generations. He embraces the world with a broad aesthetic vision, so everything is considerable and beauty is everywhere. This paradigm has opened up a new world for future generations in subject matter, content and expression. Therefore, it is a historical necessity that Su Shi is universally loved by later literati.
Second, the professional:
Su Shi's literary thought pays equal attention to literature and Taoism. He praised Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu for their contributions to ancient Chinese prose from two aspects: literature and Taoism. However, Su Shi's views on literature and Taoism were very unique in the Northern Song Dynasty.
First of all, Su Shi thinks that article art has independent value, such as "pure gold and beautiful jade". Article is not only a tool to carry Tao, but also an advanced form of human spiritual activities. Secondly, the "Tao" in Su Shi's mind is not limited to Confucianism, but refers to the law of things in general. Therefore, Su Shi advocates that articles should be as natural as the objective world, with a natural attitude. He advocated the diversity and vividness of artistic style, and opposed the unification of literary style, believing that it would make the literary world as barren as "yellow hair and white reed".
Su Shi is good at writing argumentative essays. His historical essays written in his early years have a strong habit of strategists, sometimes pretending to be amazing and unreasonable. For example, On Jia Yi accused Jia Yi of not knowing how to make friends with ministers in order to win the trust of the court, and On Fan Zeng suggested that Fan Zeng should be the righteous emperor who killed Xiang Yu. But there are also many original opinions, such as "On Hou", which advocates that the old man was a hermit in Qin Dynasty, and humiliation is to cultivate his perseverance; On Wang Ping criticizes Zhou Pingwang's blunder in avoiding bandits and moving the capital, which is novel, profound and enlightening. These historical theories are good at randomness, amazing in writing, showing a high degree of argumentation skills, and became the model essays for scholars at that time, so they spread widely. Su Shi's political essays in his early years also had similar stylistic features, but with the deepening of his experience, the habits of strategists gradually weakened. For example, some memorials written by Yuan You are purposeful in content and calm in words, which are close to the styles of Jia Yi and Lu Zhi.
Although the historical and political theories show Su Shi's extraordinary talent, essays, letters, prefaces and postscripts can better reflect Su Shi's literary achievements. These articles are also good at renovation, but the form is more lively and the discussion is more vivid, often mixed with narration and lyricism. They strengthen logical persuasion with artistic appeal, so they are more beautiful than historical and political theories.
Third, awards:
1, calligraphy
Su Shi is good at writing running script and regular script, and he is also called "Song Sijia" with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang. He studied with famous artists in Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and integrated the creative styles of Wang Sengqian, Xu Hao, Li Yong, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi into his family. He once claimed: "I can't create ideas in books" and "I am innovative and don't practice the ancients". Huang Tingjian called him: "In the early years, the pen was refined and not as natural as the boss." This shows that Su Shi's life is full of ups and downs, which led to the ups and downs of his calligraphy style. The existing works include Red Cliff Fu, Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry and Yellow River Sacrifice.
Step 2 paint
Su Shi is good at painting ink bamboo, and his paintings are as heavy as spirit. He advocated that painting should have feelings beyond painting, painting should have sustenance, and opposed similarity and procedural constraints. He advocated "the unity of poetry and painting, ingenious and fresh" and clearly put forward the concept of "literati painting", which laid a certain theoretical foundation for the future development of "literati painting". His works include Atlas of Ancient Trees and Strange Stones and Atlas of Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stones.
Four. Introduction:
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-124.8), whose real name is Zi Zhan, also known as He Zhong, is a Taoist priest of tin cans and a layman of Dongpo, and is known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province), was originally from Luancheng, Hebei Province.
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case. After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he was known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".