Fujian Province Fuzhou City still retains a considerable number of lanes and lanes formed since the Tang and Song Dynasties, which have become one of the important symbols of the historical city.
The most famous of these lanes and lanes is the famous historical and cultural street in China, Fuzhou Sanfang and Qixiang.
Sanfangqixiang is located in the city center, bordering Bayiqi North Road to the east, Tonghu Road to the west, Yangqiao Road to the north, Jipi Lane and Guanglufang to the south, covering an area of ??about 40 There are currently 268 ancient dwellings in the area.
"Three Lanes and Seven Alleys" is located in the center of Fuzhou. It is the general name for the ten lanes and lanes arranged from north to south on both sides of Nanhou Street.
The "three lanes" are: Yijin Lane, Wenru Lane, and Guanglu Lane;
The "seven lanes" are: Yangqiao Lane, Lang Guanxiang, Anminxiang, Huangxiang, Taxiang, Gongxiang and Jipixiang.
Since the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Fuzhou has built six city walls, including Yecheng and Zicheng. The city expanded from north to south. The entire layout uses Pingshan as a barrier, facing Yushan and Wushan, and South Street. (Ba17th Road) is the central axis, with lanes and lanes on both sides, paying attention to symmetry, and gradually forming a street with three lanes and seven lanes ("street" refers to the back street).
Three Lanes and Seven Lanes "Three Lanes and Seven Lanes" were formed when the Tang Dynasty King Shen Zhiluo City was established. The south of Luocheng was bounded by the Antai River. The political center and nobles lived in the north of the city, and civilian residential areas and commercial areas were inhabited. In the south of the city, the symmetry of the central axis is also emphasized. On both sides of the central axis in the south of the city, there are segmented walls. These residents became the beginning of the lanes and lanes, which formed today's three lanes and seven lanes.
In this block, there are crisscrossed lanes and alleys, paved with stone slabs; white-walled tiled houses, curved gables, rigorous layout, and exquisite craftsmanship; many are also decorated with pavilions, terraces, buildings, pavilions, flowers, and rockeries. , integrating humanities and natural landscapes.
The doors and windows of many residential houses are hollowed out and made of mortise and tenon joints, as well as rich pattern carvings. Exquisite carved stone pillar foundations, steps, door frames, flower seats and poles can be seen everywhere, embodying the The residential craftsmanship and characteristics of the ancient city of Fuzhou are hailed by the architectural community as a large-scale "Museum of Ancient Architecture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties".
The houses in Three Lanes and Seven Alleys follow the tradition of building walls in sections in the late Tang Dynasty. They all have high and thick brick or earth walls.
The wall is streamlined with the ups and downs of the wooden roof trusses, and the corners extend out of the house, resembling a saddle, and are commonly known as saddle walls.
The wall is only used as the outer perimeter, and the load-bearing function lies entirely in the columns.
They are generally symmetrical on both sides, and the wall tops and wing corners are painted with clay sculptures, forming a unique wall style of ancient Fuzhou dwellings.
The house has one or more entrances, and each entrance has a hall, a back hall, a main room, a back room, left and right pavilions, and front and rear patios.
Patios are another feature of traditional houses in Fuzhou.
It is a rectangular space surrounded by corridors in the hall and pavilions. It serves as a transportation hub in the house and provides the house with sufficient sunlight, smooth air and convenient drainage.
The indoor doors and windows are also different from other places, they are numerous and large.
Most of the windows are double-layered long row windows, with the bottom layer being fixed and the upper layer being expandable or double-opening.
The main door of the main room faces the corridor of the hall, and is mostly of 4-open style. The door is carved with rich patterns and flowers to add to the grandeur of the hall.
Picture of Three Lanes and Seven Alleys "Who would have thought that the five willows and solitary pine guests would live among the three lanes and seven lanes". The three lanes and seven lanes are home to outstanding people, generals and prime ministers. Many famous politicians and politicians in the past dynasties have Military strategists, writers, and poets came to glory from here. The names of some streets and alleys can reflect the grace and glory of that year.
In the first "Selection of China's Top Ten Historical and Cultural Blocks", my country's largest and most complete Ming and Qing ancient architectural blocks in the urban center - Three Lanes and Seven Alleys in Fuzhou City, were selected. It was selected as one of the "Top Ten Historical and Cultural Districts in China" with high votes.
On July 19, 2009, a grand unveiling ceremony was held in Fuzhou South Back Street, "China's famous historical and cultural street? Fuzhou Three Lanes and Seven Alleys".
Yijinfang
Yijinfang Yijinfang is the first of the three lanes, formerly known as Tongchao Lane.
According to the Qing Dynasty's "Rongcheng Archeology Brief": "Brothers Lu Yun and Lu Zao lived here in Dianxiang County in the Song Dynasty and were named Lujin. Later Wang Yixiang went to Jiangdong to punish him and changed his name to Yijin."
"In the Song Dynasty, it was called "Lu Jin", and in the Ming Dynasty, it was called "Yi Jin". In fact, it means that there are people in the square who have gone out to serve as high officials. Now they are returning to their hometown in fine clothes and honoring the hometown, so the name of the square has also been changed. In the past, it was called "Tongtide" because this place is a water network area, and the tide from West Lake and Nanhu can flow into the ditches of this lane.
No. 16 in Fangzhong is the residence of Zheng Pengcheng, a Jinshi in Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty. Among them, the Yijinfang Water Pavilion is the most distinctive.
This is a single-story wooden platform with four columns and a single bay, with a clear water pond underneath, a patio in the middle, and a mezzanine on the front. p> Watch a drama performance here. The water, wind and sound are clear. It has acoustic principles and aesthetic value. It is the only existing water pavilion stage in Fuzhou.
Wenrufang
The second of the three lanes is Wenru Lane.
The name Wenru Lane came into being in the Song Dynasty.
According to "Rongcheng Archeology", this lane " It was originally named Rulin, but Zheng Mu, a wine worshiper from the Song Dynasty, lived here, and the current name was changed.
Zheng Mu was appointed as the Imperial Supervisor of Jijiu, an important official in the country's highest university, and was attached to the third rank.
Zhang Jing, a famous anti-Japanese general in the Ming Dynasty, Gan Guobao, a famous general in the Qing Dynasty who was the governor of Fujian and the commander-in-chief of Taiwan, also lived here.
The home of the "Jinshi" (Jinshi in the capital of the Five Dynasties) who was famous throughout the country in the Qing Dynasty. ) Chen Chengqiu's former residence is also in the square.
Chen Chengqiu's eldest son was Chen Baochen, the teacher of Emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty.
The former residence of Chen Yan, a famous poet in the Qing Dynasty and the author of "Shi Shi Shi Hua". In the square, there is a large house facing south. There is Guanghua Pavilion, which is used for the study of disciples.
Next door to Chen's apartment is the residence of Professor Ke Linghan, a famous modern jurist. This square is famous for its history. It is famous for its numerous scholars and scholars.
Guanglufang
Guanglufang is the third of the "Three Lanes"
Guanglufang was originally called Jade Ruler. The mountain, also known as Minshan, is one of the "Three Mountains" in Fuzhou.
Historically, there was a Faxiang Temple in Guanglufang, commonly known as "Minshan Baofu Temple" (in today's Guanglufang Park). ).
At that time, Master Cheng Shimeng of Fuzhou County, who once served as Guanglu Qing, often came here to recite poems and visit, so the monks carved the four characters "Guanglu Yin Tai" on the stone.
In order to thank the monk, he recited a poem: "The sun is always clear and the clouds are happy to come alone. The wild monk inscribed stones to build a chanting platform. There is no poem comparable to Yan Guanglu. Every time he remembers his visit, he returns.
"The name Guanglufang comes from this.
Guanglufang is also a place where famous people gather.
In the late Ming Dynasty, there were famous scholars and painters from the Wanli period Lin Youtai studied under Sun Changyi and Xu Zhi, who studied politics. His sons Xu You and Xu Bin, his grandsons Xu Yu, his great-grandsons Xu Ding and Xu Jun, and his great-great-grandsons Xu Liangchen and Xu Xinchen were all poets, calligraphers and painters.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, there were brothers Lin Tong and Lin Ji.
Lin Tong was an archaeologist and the author of "Lai Zhai Selected Ancients" and "Lai Zhai Jinshi Research". p> Lin Ji is a fine poet and essayist. He is the author of "Pu Xuezhai Poems and Essays" and is good at calligraphy. His handwritten engravings include "Yuyang Mountain People's Essence Records", "Yao Feng Manuscripts", "Gu Fu Yuting's Miscellaneous Records", "Wuting Wenbian" is very famous, known as "Linji Four Inscriptions", and occupies a place in the history of Chinese printing.
There are also poets and famous Tibetan inkstone experts, Qi Kun, who were entrusted with the Ryukyu Kingdom. , two brothers on the same list - Liu Qiqu and Liu Qixian, naturalist Guo Baicang, modern novel translator Lin Shu, famous writer Yu Dafu, etc.
There are also many talented women, such as Huang Renzhi. The daughters Huang Shuxuan and Huang Shuwan, the daughter of Qi Kun, Qi Xiangdi, and the sisters Guo Shizhu, the daughter of Guo Baicang, are good at calligraphy and painting, or poetry and prose.
Guanglu Fang is the most famous scenic spot, and they are good at ponds. , platforms, pavilions, stones, flowers and trees, as well as many cliff inscriptions from the Song to Qing Dynasties, were included in the first batch of cultural relics protection units in Fuzhou City in 1961
Under the lychee tree in the west of Guanglu Yintai. , the original stone carving "Crane Crane" is to commemorate the place where Lin Zexu released cranes in his later years.
There is also the large wooden structure, spacious and bright Liu Family Courtyard in the Qing Dynasty (now a provincial cultural relics protection unit), and the Liu Family Courtyard in the late Ming Dynasty. The former residence of Huang Ren with a simple wooden structure, the Zaoti Alley with high walls and narrow streets, and the Old Buddha Pavilion Bridge paved with stone slabs from the Ming Dynasty all retain the characteristics of the Ming and Qing Dynasty architecture.
Because of the original Guanglu Square. The houses are relatively old, and the area is currently undergoing an overall overhaul, which is expected to be completed before the National Day in 2010.
Yangqiao Lane
Yangqiao Lane is the northernmost lane among the seven lanes.
The ancient name of Yangqiao Lane was Dengjunfang. It was renamed because the west can connect to Yangqiao.
Due to urban construction needs during the Republic of China, it was expanded into a road, so it was later renamed "Yangqiao Road".
The mansion surnamed Lin at the intersection of Yangqiao Road and Nanhou Street was the residence of martyr Lin Juemin during his lifetime. This martyr's former residence was later sold to Xie Luan'en, the grandfather of writer Bing Xin.
Bing Xin lived here when she was a child. There is also a vivid description of her former residence in "My Hometown".
After the laneway was expanded into a road, a considerable part of the former residence of martyr Lin Juemin and female writer Bing Xin (see the entry "Fuzhou Bingxin's Former Residence") has been preserved.
There is a "Double Throwing Bridge" in Yangqiao Lane (south), which is small in scale but full of legends.
First, the bridge is located in an inland channel, where the east and west rivers "join the tide". The wonder of the inland river where "a thousand miles of tide comes and takes a breath" can be felt most vividly here.
The second is a pair of banyan trees growing towards each other on both sides of the Shuangtao Bridge. Their branches and leaves are connected in the air, embracing each other to form a shadow. Therefore, there is a poignant story of a young man and woman committing suicide for love, which has been passed down for a long time, even to later generations. People can no longer tell whether there is love first and then the tree, first the tree and then the bridge, or the other way around.
Recently, I heard that some overseas writers compared it to the swan song of "Romeo and Juliet", adding a bit of sadness.
However, due to river reconstruction and urban construction, Shuangtuo Bridge has gradually transformed from a "bridge" into a street "pavilion", becoming a place for passers-by to rest and enjoy tea.
Langguan Lane
Langguan Lane is located in the south of Yangqiao Lane, on the east side of Nanhou Street. The east end of the lane leads to the east of 817 North Road in the downtown area of ??Fuzhou City. Street intersection.
Langguan Lane is also a port that existed in the Song Dynasty.
According to the Qing Dynasty's "A Brief Archeology of Rongcheng": Liu Tao of the Song Dynasty lived here, and his descendants were all officials for several generations, hence the name.
Chen Lie, a poet of the Song Dynasty, was originally from Changle and lived in Langguan Lane when he moved to Fuzhou.
The former residence of Yan Fu, a modern Chinese enlightenment thinker and translator, is also located in the lane.
There is an archway at the west end of Langguan Lane, and there is a couplet on the pillar: "The translation is brilliant, and Yan Fu's house is still passed down today; the gate and courtyard are prosperous, and descendants can trace back to Liu Tao's residence.
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Ta Alley
Ta Alley is located in the south of Langguan Alley, between the downtown area of ??817 North Road in the east and the South Back Street in the west.
According to "A Brief Archeology of Rongcheng": "The old name was Xiuwen. Chen Su, the magistrate of Song Dynasty, changed its name to Xingwen, and later to Wenxing.
Today's Huta Lane was built in the Min Kingdom. The Yuwang Pagoda Courtyard is located here.
"This large pagoda is located in the north of the lane and is guarded by the Pagoda Courtyard. It is regarded as a symbol of the prosperity of Fuzhou's cultural movement.
The pagoda was still there in the ninth year of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty (1182), but there is no record after that.
In the Qing Dynasty, half a small tower was built in the alley as a memorial to the historical site.
In the 1950s, the small tower was moved to the entrance of the alley.
There is an old Jingxiao Fang in Taxiang, which was built by Gao Weiyi, a filial son of the Ming Dynasty. There is a popular poem praising him: "Three years of running water is like a young king, and a natural filial heart is born."
Last night, the bright moon shone on the three mountains, and I didn’t know that the dew sprinkled on the quiet people.
"It is still a good saying.
Huangxiang
Huangxiang is south of Tower Alley.
Across the South Back Street, it is connected to the east and west of Yijinfang.
According to records, during the Yongjia period of Jin Dynasty (307-312), a family named Huang from the Central Plains fled to Fujian and settled here, so it was called Huangxiang.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Huang Pu, the official school secretary of Chongwen, retired and lived here in seclusion.
Huang Chao's army entered Fuzhou. After hearing Huang Pu's name, he ordered his soldiers to pass through Huangxiang at night to "extend the candles and pass by" and not to disturb his home. From then on, Huangxiang became famous.
The alley has been home to many Confucian scholars and scholars from past dynasties, and has become a gathering place for cultural celebrities and social celebrities.
In the Qing Dynasty, the prefect Lin Wenying, the second-ranked Lin Zhichun, the governor Li Fu, the couplet master Liang Zhangju, the Jinshi Chen Shouqi, Zhao Xin, etc. all lived in the lane.
It was once renamed Xinmeifang and later Xinmeili.
There is a "Tanghuang Puju" Shi Qi in the alley, which was seen by people in the early 1950s.
There is a courtyard in Huangxiang called "Xiaohuang Tower", which is a cultural relic protection unit.
Anmin Lane
Anmin Lane is located in the south of Huangxiang, opposite Wenrufang across the South Back Street. The old name of Anmin Lane was "Xileifang", and it was renamed "Anmin". It is related to Huang Chao's entry into Fujian.
According to the "Fuzhou Local Chronicles": "When Huang Chao, a peasant uprising army in the Tang Dynasty, entered Fujian, he came to this lane to provide peace to the people, hence the name.
" In the old days, there was Xileifang. Liu Zao in the Song Dynasty was famous for his filial piety, and later Taizai Yu Shenju changed the name here: "Yutai Yude".
Historically, most of the people living in the alley were socially virtuous.
Jia Neju, the capital of Yuanxing Province.
The old residential houses on the west side of the lane still retain their well-proportioned layout and simple charm.
During the Anti-Japanese War, the New Fourth Army’s office in Fujian was located here.
This old house is now listed as a revolutionary cultural relic protection unit.
Gongxiang
Gongxiang Gongxiang is located in the south of Anmin Lane, and its east and west ends are connected by 1817 North Road and South Back Street respectively.
According to the Qing Dynasty's "A Brief Archeology of the Banyan Scene": "The old name was Xianju, which was named after the Ziji Palace in it.
Hou Cui and Li, whose surnames were Guixian, changed their name to Juyingda , Mingde changed Yingda.
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The wealthy residences in Gongxiang have exquisite structures, and the wood carvings and stone carvings in the interiors alone are astonishing.
For example, the leaky windows are made of fine carvings and mortise and tenon joints, and rich pattern decoration is formed through various elaborate arrangements of wooden lattice bones.
Wooden passages, sockets, child pillars, moon beams and other parts are often decorated with key carvings.
Various exquisite and vivid stone carvings can be seen everywhere on pillar foundations, steps, door frames, flower seats and poles.
It can be said to be the master of Fuzhou’s ancient architectural art.
Jibi Alley
Jipi Alley, one of the three lanes and seven alleys in Fuzhou, is commonly known as "Jibi Alley".
When the number one scholar Zheng Xingzhong of the Song Dynasty returned home in full glory, the residents in the alley hurriedly avoided him because they had passed him, so it was called "Emergency Alley".
In the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed "Jibi Lane" with a homophonic pronunciation for good luck and good luck.
Fuzhou's famous "Antai House" restaurant is also located at the entrance of Jipi Lane.
South Back Street
Three Lanes and Seven Alleys in Fuzhou is not just three "lanes" and seven "alleys", but also a famous South Back Street.
South Back Street of Three Lanes and Seven Lanes Fuzhou South Back Street starts from Yangqiao intersection in the west and ends at Jipi Road in the south to Macau Bridge. It is about 1,000 meters long. It is the core of the "Three Lanes and Seven Lanes" in Fuzhou City. central axis.
It has seven lanes on the east side and three lanes on the west side. It was the main commercial street from the rise of three lanes and seven lanes in Fuzhou to the Republic of China. Merchants gathered on the road from north to south.
Thirty-six stores (from all walks of life) including firewood, rice, oil, salt and daily necessities are all available here.
There are also book engraving workshops, second-hand book stalls, and quilt shops dedicated to serving cultural people, as well as lantern markets during the Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.
"Liulichang outside Zhengyangmen, in the front, south and back streets of Yijinfang.
I took a break to go to the book market, but I didn't see enough to be happy.
"In this poem by Wang Guorui, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, Nan Back Street was compared to the Liulichang outside Zhengyangmen in Beijing, reflecting the previous cultural features of Nan Back Street.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Nanhou Street was still a lively market with "white walls and black tiles and stone pavements" lined with pavements on both sides.
In the Republic of China, the road surface was widened and converted into asphalt road.
South Back Street is the central axis of the Three Lanes and Seven Lanes. After renovation, the South Back Street will be full of antique charm. The width of the road will reach 12 meters, including a 7-meter wide pedestrian street in the middle and 2 meters wide on both sides. ~2.5m roadside strip.
South Back Street, which starts from Yangqiao Road and ends at Jipi Road, is only 634 meters long. It is positioned as a leisure, cultural and commercial street that combines tradition and modernity.
Historically, Nanhou Street was home to many traditional Fuzhou craft industries such as lanterns, paper-making, and bookshops.
Relevant sources said that according to relevant plans, Nanhou Street is positioned as a traditional cultural commercial street, and it is initially planned to select a part of it to be restored based on the current operating status of time-honored brands, such as "Mijia Chuan" 裱褙店 and "Jucheng" It is also initially planned to hold a traditional lantern market that is popular with citizens such as century-old bookstores and lanterns, etc. on a regular basis every year.
In addition, the relevant departments also intend to invite Fuzhou traditional arts and crafts masters such as Shoushan stone carvings, bodiless lacquerware, cork paintings, etc. to set up arts and crafts master exhibition stores in Nanhou Street to increase the traditional business atmosphere.
Now, in the business planning of South Back Street, "new faces" such as bar coffee and top luxury goods have appeared.
The emergence of these new faces will inject modern elements into the traditional South Back Street.
The protective restoration project along Nanhou Street was fully completed in January 2009, and the street has now been opened to reproduce its historical appearance of "Liulichang outside Zhengyangmen, Nanhou Street in front of Yijinfang".
[Edit this paragraph] Architectural Features
Customarily speaking, we all talk about the three lanes first and then the seven lanes. In fact, from the perspective of the building location, it should be that there are seven lanes first and then the seven lanes. There are three squares.
The ancestors of the Tang Dynasty first built a group of neatly arranged "new villages" along South Street, the axis of the city.
Then, a south back street is separated, and a group of lanes and lanes are built to the west, forming a "non"-shaped block with the south back street as the central axis.
After thousands of years of ups and downs, most of them were named Xiafang Lane in the Song Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the current architectural pattern was formed and became a landmark building in the historical and cultural city of Fuzhou.
From the perspective of the treatment of architectural space, the main hall on the central axis of the Three Lanes and Seven Alleys is significantly taller, larger and wider than the hall in the north. It forms a staggered and lively structure with other corridors, pavilions and other buildings. And the spatial pattern is extremely changing.
The hall is generally open and integrated with the patio.
It should be pointed out in particular that in order to make the hall look tall, spacious and open, we usually focus on the treatment of the corridors and pavilions. The purlins supporting the eaves, or adding another purlin to assist the eaves, They all deliberately use thick and long high-quality hardwood, and use the method of reducing columns so that there are no obstacles in front of the hall, which is rarely seen in northern buildings and other southern buildings.
For example, the sedan hall of Lin Congyi’s former residence in Gongxiang and the stage of the ancestral temple are all treated in this way.
This is one of the important features of Fuzhou ancient architecture.
In addition to being unique in layout and structure, Three Lanes and Seven Alleys is also unique in its walls, carvings, and facades.
Saddle Wall
The houses in Sanfangqixiang follow the tradition of building walls in sections in the late Tang Dynasty, and all have high and thick brick or earth walls.
The wall is streamlined with the ups and downs of the wooden roof trusses, and the corners protrude out of the house, resembling a saddle, and are commonly known as saddle walls.
The wall is only used as the outer perimeter, and the load-bearing function lies entirely in the columns.
Among the buildings in Jiangnan, most of them have stepped gables composed of straight lines at 90-degree angles. Only a few buildings in Fuzhou have them, including northern Fujian, southern Fujian, and eastern Fujian in Fujian. Only the three in Fuzhou have The saddle walls of the houses in Fangqixiang are curved saddle walls.
Generally, they are symmetrical on both sides, and the wall tops and corners are painted with clay sculptures, forming the unique wall style of ancient Fuzhou dwellings.
Carvings
The most distinctive architectural decoration of Sanfang Qixiang is the carvings on the doors and windows.
The beams and columns of ordinary residents are mostly unadorned and simple, while the carvings on doors and windows are painstaking.
The exquisiteness of its window lattice production and the beauty of its inlaid wood carvings are beyond the reach of residents in other provinces.
There are many types of window decorations, including latch-type patterned windows, pure wood-carved window sashes, and a mixture of the two.
It can be said to be the master of Jiangnan art.
In the tenon-type leakage, craftsmen create different decorative effects through careful arrangement, including linear, curved, and mixed types - the linear type is dense and dense, the curved type is dynamic, and the mixed type There are many changes, and each has an auspicious meaning.
In the wood-carved window sash, there are openwork and relief carvings, with themes including birds and animals, figures and flowers, and the entire window sash is decorated with symmetrical or asymmetrical carvings.
For example, in You Hengsheng's ancient Ming Dynasty house in Wenrufang, the door and window partitions of the second-entry wing are carved with more complex patterns of vase flowers. The vases symbolize peace of residence.
The polyester ring board is embossed with a low-relief of flowers blooming and wealth. These flower window carvings, which are made of tenons and tenons or hollowed out of wood, fully demonstrate the superb skills of Fujian folk craftsmen.
Architectural Doors
The treatment of architectural doors in Three Lanes and Seven Alleys is also very unique, with about four types.
One is a rectangular gate made of stone frames in the middle of the front yard wall and on the same plane as the wall. The other is an extension of the saddle walls on both sides to form flying signboards. The saddle walls are sandwiched between The roofs with two slopes form larger buildings, such as the former residence of Shen Baozhen, the former residence of Chen Chengqiu and the former residence of Lin Congyi.
[Edit this paragraph] "Three Lanes and Seven Alleys Declaration"
"Three Lanes and Seven Alleys Declaration" was held in Fuzhou on July 20, 2009 at the "Old City Protection and Renovation—Three Lanes and Seven Lanes International Academic Symposium" was adopted.
The declaration puts forward the following knowledge and action initiatives on the protection of urban cultural heritage: Every city has a unique historical and cultural gene. In the process of development, the city must cherish its own cultural heritage. It not only Belonging to a city is the common wealth of all mankind, and every city has the responsibility and obligation to protect it.
From the protection of cultural relics to the protection of cultural heritage is the progress of social development.
The protection of urban cultural heritage should not only focus on the protection of tangible cultural heritage, but also the protection of intangible cultural heritage.
Attention should be paid to establishing an emotional connection between the people and cultural heritage, and a positive, reasonable, and effective approach should be established to make cultural heritage pay attention to and share with the public, so that cultural heritage can truly provide resources for social development. Endless motivation.
The influence of cultural heritage on the economy and society is subtle and profound. It is irreplaceable spiritual capital, cultural capital, economic capital and social capital.
The loss of cultural heritage is irreparable. In the process of development, cities must cherish their own cultural heritage. Every city has its "Forbidden City" that should be protected.
[Edit this paragraph] Theme Exhibition Hall
The proposed location of the museum to display the cultural value of the Three Lanes and Seven Alleys has been basically determined, and 8 museums and 3 exhibitions will be opened. District:
1. The Three Lanes and Seven Alleys Museum of Historical Figures is planned to be located in the Liu Family Courtyard.
The reason is that the Liu Family Courtyard is the pioneer of urban public services in Fuzhou and even the country. It is also close to Guanglu Fang and is the "living room" of the three lanes and seven lanes.
2. Fuzhou Contemporary Art Center is planned to be located in the former residence of Lan Jianshu.
The reason is that it is close to Guanglufang Park, which is extremely beneficial to attracting people, increasing visibility, and making it easier to visit.
3. The Contemporary Lacquer Art Museum is planned to be located at Ye’s residence in the center of South Back Street.
The reason is that this is a transit platform for Fuzhou’s century-old stores, old trades and modern life.
4. Fuzhou Folklore Exhibition and Performing Arts Center is planned to be located in the former residence of Guo Baiyin.
5. The drama and opera performing arts center is planned to be located at the Water Pavilion Stage.
6. The tea culture world art museum and the state guest reception center are planned to be located in the former residence of Lin Congyi.
7. The Ming and Qing Furniture Folklore Museum is planned to be located in Ermei Bookstore.
8. The Couplet Museum is planned to be located in the former residence of Liang Zhangju (Liang Zhangju is the originator of the sage couplet study in Fuzhou).
The three exhibition areas to be opened are: "a special exhibition area", that is, the exhibition area between Langguan Lane and Huang Lane in the "Seven Alleys", which mainly displays the kinship between Fujian and Taiwan; " The "First Comprehensive Exhibition Area" is the exhibition area between Huangxiang and Jipi Road, which mainly displays various cultures valued by Lin and the shipbuilding culture; the "Second Comprehensive Exhibition Area", that is, each display point in the "Three Lanes" has organic The exhibition area formed by the combination mainly displays the related culture of literati.
In addition, the three lanes and seven lanes will also use the structure of "one water, one node, two streets and two areas" to build different functional areas.
Among them, "one water" is the waterside leisure style zone of Antai River.
The "One Node" plan plans to use the "Guanglu Yintai" in Guanglufang as the south node of the three lanes and seven lanes.
The "Two Streets" are the traditional characteristic commercial belt of South Back Street and the commercial renewal and development belt of South Street. The "Two Areas" plan is to combine the north entrance and use Langguan Lane, Tower Lane and the Water Pavilion Stage as tourist attractions. Centralized display area.
There are a large number of cultural relics protection units and historically protected buildings in Gongxiang-Anminxiang, which will be used as a concentration area for museum buildings; the north and south sections of Wenrufang will be used as guild hall areas, focusing on creativity and leisure.
[Edit this paragraph] Celebrities in Fangxiang
Important historical events after modern times, such as the Humen Smoking, Westernization Movement, Reform Movement of 1898, May Fourth Movement, "December 9th" Movement, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, etc., are all key points in the development of Chinese history.
The characters who came out of Three Lanes and Seven Alleys all played the role of promoters of the times in these events.
Lin Zexu Lin Zexu: "The first person to open his eyes to see the world."
Lin Zexu (1785-1850) was an outstanding politician who opened the curtain of modern Chinese history and a national hero who resisted foreign aggression.
He followed the trend of historical development and adopted an attitude of actively understanding, absorbing and using the achievements of Western civilization. Therefore, he became "the first person to see the world with open eyes and pioneered the trend of learning advanced technology from the West." ".
There is Lin Zexu Ancestral Hall on Macau Road next to Three Lanes and Seven Alleys.
Shen Baozhen: "The Father of Shipping Administration" in China.
Shen Baozhen (1820-1879) was pushed to the forefront in the Westernization Movement with the goal of "riching the country and strengthening the army".
He served as the Minister of Shipping in Fujian, responsible for shipbuilding, military training and personnel training. He worked hard to establish the Fujian Navy and the Nanyang Navy, and became one of the representatives of the early Westernization Movement.
He was a pioneer in introducing Western technology and one of the founders of modern education and modern navy in our country.
He was down-to-earth and spared no effort to put into practice the proposition of "learning from the foreigners and developing skills to control the foreigners" put forward by Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan.
Zeng Zongyan (1850-1972): the "Father of the Army" in modern times.
Zeng Zongyan lived in Anmin Lane.
He had just been appointed as the supervisory censor of Jiangnan Province, and in May 1898, he wrote to Emperor Guangxu that "the times are difficult and it is advisable to use foreign exercises to train the army."
He advocated: "For the current plan, it is better to use the existing salaries of each province to train the soldiers of each province in foreign affairs, but strive for the best and not suffer from the shortcomings.
" That is, refining the army with new methods.
It also proposed that "the army must be rectified, and the army in all provinces must adopt foreign practices, especially the three eastern provinces."
Emperor Guangxu attached great importance to it and immediately issued an edict: "In today's situation, military training is the first priority, and practicing foreign exercises is especially the first important thing in military training.
But we must choose to teach with diligence. Training and training were used to increase military strength.
"Zeng Zongyan's memorial triggered the reform of the Qing court's military system, so some people call him the "Father of the Modern Army."
Bing Xin (1900-1999), known as the "Old Man of the Century", was born in Changle, Fujian. His original name was Xie Wanying, and his pen name was Bingxin Bingxin.
"A heart of ice is in a jade pot."
The famous modern poet, translator, writer, and children's literature writer advocates the "philosophy of love". Motherly love and innocence are naturally the main themes of his works.
She loves children very much and regards children as "the most sacred people" and is deeply respected by the people.
Her works are full of love for nature, as well as the celebration of maternal love and innocence.
There is her former residence at the junction of Nanhou Street and Yangqiao Lane. In her famous prose "My Hometown", she left a sincere description of her former residence: "I remember When I was 11 years old (1911), when I returned to Fuzhou from Yantai, Shandong, our family lived behind the Wanxing Tongshi Store at the entrance of Yangqiao Lane, Nanhou Street, Fuzhou City.
< p> This address is still very familiar and cordial to me when I write it, because since I learned to write, my parents have always urged me to write letters to my grandfather, and I have to write the envelope myself.This house is very large, with four rooms for our extended family.
My grandfather lives on both sides of the hall, and our family of six lives in the front and back rooms. , Grandfather’s front and back rooms were filled with him alone, and the rooms were full of books.
That became my paradise..."
Lin Xu (1875-1893): one of the "Six Gentlemen of 1898".
Youngster is Ying He was a prodigy in Teda.
He followed Kang Youwei to participate in the reform and lasted for a hundred days. He was killed by the stubborn conservatives headed by the Empress Dowager Cixi at the age of 24. His fame will forever be recorded in history. /p>
Lin Changmin (1876-1925): Instigator of the "May Fourth" Movement
On May 2, 1919, "Diplomatic Police Report to the People" appeared in Beijing's "Morning Post" and "National Gazette". "" article, the author Lin Changmin exclaimed: "Shandong is destroyed, the country will be destroyed, and the forty million people will die to fight for it.
"The words were sincere and sad.
The incident originated from the Paris Peace Conference in 1918: At that time, the First World War had just ended, and Foreign Minister Lu Zhengxiang was ordered to go to the Paris Peace Conference. President Xu Shichang set up a special foreign affairs committee and appointed Lin Changmin as the committee director and affairs director.
Japan secretly agreed with Britain and France that after the war, Japan would inherit all vested aggressive rights of Germany in Shandong; Japan funded the construction of the "Jishun" and "Gaoxu" railways to further control China.
After learning about this, Lin Changmin was furious and decided to disclose these diplomatic shady and traitorous acts to the people. The article was published on May 2, 1919, and President Cai Yuanpei informed Peking University students and students from various universities in Beijing.
One stone stirred up a thousand waves. On the afternoon of May 4, 1919, 3,000 people from 12 schools in Beijing. Many patriotic students held mass protests with passion, and the "May 4th" movement broke out.
Chen Jusun (1913-1987): organizer of the "December 9th" movement. >
On December 9, 1935, thousands of students in Peiping held a mass demonstration to resist Japan and save the country. History records record that this was "the first large-scale student movement led by the Communist Party of China" and later spread throughout the country.
Chen Jusun, a 22-year-old student at Yanjing University in Peking, participated in organizing this massacre.
He was the one who would participate in the massacre the night before. Most of the students of the Communist Party of China were hiding in Diaoyutai.
On the eve of the "December 9th" movement, he did a lot of ideological mobilization work as a student federation cadre and effectively mobilized the revolutionary students of Yenching University. Organized locally and became the backbone of the "December 9" movement
Wang Lengzhai (1891-1960): Witness of the "July 7th Incident"
Wang Lengzhai lived in Huang, Fuzhou. Lane.
During the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, he served as the inspector general of the Third Administrative District of Hebei Province and the county magistrate of Wanping.
Before the Japanese army attacked Wanping City, he evacuated the people. , to avoid greater casualties.
During the incident, Wang Lengzhai mobilized the police in the city to actively cooperate with the garrison, resolutely fought back against the enemy, and saved the city.
He also held a special press conference. Explain to the public the situation of the Japanese army's active attack on Marco Polo Bridge.
After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Japanese army began to invade China in an all-round way and the Anti-Japanese War broke out.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Lengzhai served as the "July 7th Incident". An important witness attended the trial of Japanese war criminals and was called the "ace witness of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East"
[Edit this paragraph] Traditional snacks
Tongli Rouyan Old Shop. Specialties of Sanfang Qixiang:
Beef slipper·Drunken chicken with red fermented grains·Chicken minced fish lips·Lychee meat·Taipingyan·Buddha jumps over the wall·White-fried fresh razor clams·Sea clams in chicken soup·Xianglu River Eel · First-class crab and egg · Spring rolls · Onion meat cake · Light cake · Shrimp meat cake · Oyster cake · Seven-star fish ball · Yanpi (swallow silk) · Taro paste · Pot edge (paste) · Thread noodles