Li Qingzhao was a rare talented woman in ancient China. She is good at calligraphy and painting, and is familiar with epigraphy, especially poetry. Her ci works are unique and spread through the ages, and are known as "a great poet". Her ci can be divided into early stage and late stage. In the early stage, write more about your leisure life, describe your love life and natural scenery, and use beautiful rhymes. Such as "dried plums". Later, I lamented my life experience, recalled my hometown and felt sad. For example, slow voice. Her personality is as awe-inspiring as her works. She has both women's Shu Xian and men's fortitude; There are both ordinary people's cynicism and lofty patriotism. She is not only talented and knowledgeable, but also has lofty ideals and heroic ambitions. She has made many achievements in the field of literature. Among her contemporaries, her poetry, prose and ci theory are outstanding. However, she worked the hardest, achieved the highest success and had the greatest influence on the creation of ci. Her ci reached the acme of art and formed her own unique artistic style-"Yi 'an Style". She does not pursue exquisite ornamentation, but extracts expressive "eight tones of common language", expresses her keen feelings about things around her by line drawing, depicts delicate psychological activities, expresses rich and varied emotional experiences and creates vivid artistic images. In her poems, sincere feelings and perfect forms are integrated. She developed the graceful school of "endless words and endless meanings, endless feelings and endless meanings" to the peak, thus winning the position of "originator" of graceful poets. At the same time, the bold style of her poems made her unique in the Song Dynasty, which had a great influence on Xin Qiji, Lu You and later poets. Her outstanding artistic achievements won high praise from later scholars. Later generations thought that her ci "not only looked down on women, but wanted to overwhelm men's eyebrows", and was called "the greatest poetess in the Song Dynasty and also the greatest poetess in the history of China literature". There are works handed down from ancient times such as Collected Works of Yi 'an Jushi. Representative works include Slow Voice, Pruning Plums, Dreaming Like a Dream, Summer Poems, Drunk Flowers, Wulingchun and so on. Li Qingzhao's literary creation has a distinctive and unique artistic style. As one of the representatives of graceful and restrained school, it has a great influence on later generations and is unique in the field of ci, which is called "Yi 'an Style". Her famous words; Live and be a man among men; Die and become the soul in the soul.
The life of the character
Achievements and honors
Ianti
Li Qingzhao's ci has a unique style and is called "Yi 'an Style" by later generations. Li Ci has two characteristics. First of all, she wrote ci with her own female identity and special experience, and created an unprecedented female image with distinctive personality, thus expanding the emotional depth and ideological connotation of traditional graceful ci. Second, he is good at extracting vivid and fluent language from written language and daily spoken language, and is good at using painting and description techniques to form a seamless realm.
word
Spring in Wuling Mountain, drunken flowers singing, pruned plum, lotus root with lotus fragrance, fragrant jade, autumn, small Shan Ye, spring coming, green grass, remembering Qin E Lin, Dolly's cold, many good things are grinding near, the wind will fall deep, like a dream, and the rain and wind suddenly started last night, like a dream, always remembering the sun in Xiting.
poetic sentiment
Wuxi Zhongxing Monument Poetry, Wujiang Poetry (also known as Xia Poetry), Ge Chundi's Post, Yutai Poetry, Han Xiao Poetry, etc.
writing
Preface to Jinshi Lu, On Ci, Preface to Horse-beating, Scholar of Hanlin, etc.
On ci
Yuefu, which combines voice and poetry, was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. Between Kaiyuan and Tianbao, there is Li Balang who can sing and dance. When Shinco and Jinshi gave a banquet in Qujiang, there was a scholar on the list named Li first, so that he could not be named. My clothes are so worn out, and my spirit is miserable, just like a banquet. Yue: "Cousin would like to sit in the last seat." Nobody cares. Since wine, beer and skittles make singers enter, when Cao and Niannu are crowned, songs will be sung and people will praise them. Celebrities suddenly pointed to Li and said, "Cousin, please sing." Everyone was shocked or angry. As soon as he twisted his throat to make a sound, he sang a song and everyone cried. Luo Bai said, "This must be Li Balang." Since then, the voices of Zheng and Wei have intensified and the flow has become more and more annoying. There are many words such as Bodhisattva Xia, Haochun, Shaji, More Leaky, Huanxisha, Dream of Jiangnan, Fisherman, Dream, and so on. In the Five Dynasties War, the four seas were divided into beans, and the gentle road was destroyed. Li Jiangnan is still gentle, so there are words like "the small building blows through the cold jade" and "wrinkles a pool of spring water". Although the language is strange, the so-called voice of national subjugation is a mourner. It was only after the arrest of this dynasty that the ceremony, music, literature and martial arts were fully prepared and practiced for more than 100 years that Liu Tuntian Yong became a new voice and published a collection of movements, which was likely to dominate the world. Although melodious, the words are dusty. Song Brothers, Shen Tang, Yuan Jiang and Chao Ci followed suit. Although there are witticisms from time to time, they have revealed the famous people. To Yan, Ouyang Yongshu, Su Zizhan, Confucians, and Heaven and Man, as poets, they are as straight as swimming in the sea, but they all read unkempt poems, which are often out of tune. The poems of Gai Shi are divided into flat edges, while the lyrics are divided into five tones, five tones, six tones and voiced sounds. For example, the so-called "slow voice", "flowers in the rain" and "Xi Qian Ying" in modern times have both leveled the rhyme and entered the rhyme; "Yu Lou Chun" was originally a flat rhyme, then a sound, and then a sound. The gambling sound is equal to. If you bet on voice, you can't sing it. Wang's peace is as solid as the Western Han Dynasty. If you write a little lyrics, people will be completely lost and unable to read. It is a family that knows others, and few people know them. After Yan Shuyuan, He, and Huang Luzhi came out, they could only know. No narrative; He is bitter, not so heavy; Qin attaches importance to feelings and despises reality. For example, a beautiful woman from a poor family is extremely beautiful and rich, but after all, her wealth is insufficient. Yellow is still true, but there are many flaws, such as jade, and the price has been halved. In On Ci, Li Qingzhao advocated that Ci should be elegant, sentimental and melodious, dissatisfied with the standard and less bitter, so it was practical and put forward the theory that Ci was not home.
Preface to Jinshi Lu
How about thirty volumes of Jinshi Lu? So is the book written by Zhao Houdefu. From the last three generations to the last five seasons, the knowledge of Zhong, Ding, Yu, Pan, Yi, Zun and Dun in the 2000-volume inscriptions, as well as the deeds of great men who built monuments, are all correct and wrong, and should be praised or criticized. Those who are good at matching the way of saints and those who are good at making mistakes include them. That's too much. Oh! Since the disaster of Wang Ya and Yuan Zai, calligraphy and painting are no different from pepper; What is the difference between Chang Yu and Yuan Kai in terms of illness, money addiction and transmission addiction? Although the name is different, it is very confusing. Yu Jianzhong and Xin Si belong to Zhao. At that time, the first gentleman was the foreign minister of does, and the prime minister was the assistant minister of does. 2 1 year, he is a student in imperial academy. Zhao and Li's Jin Shi Lu
The family is cold, poor and thrifty. Every time I report, go out, make clothes, take half a thousand dollars, and step into the fruit of the inscription in Suoguo Temple and the city. Returning, relatively chewing, claiming to be the person of Ge Zhi. In the last two years, I have been an official, with food, food and clothing, poor and far away, and I have written ancient Chinese characters. As the day approaches, it will gradually accumulate. The Prime Minister lives in the government, near the old age or in the cabinet, and there are many dead poems, anecdotes, books that Lu Bi and Ji's tomb have never seen. I tried my best to preach and write, but I couldn't help myself. Later, you may see ancient and modern celebrity paintings and paintings, three generations of strange objects, and it is easy to take off your clothes. When Chongning was tasting wine, someone took Xu Xi's peony picture and asked for 200,000 yuan. At that time, although your child wanted 200 thousand, was it easy to get it? Stay in the hotel and return it if there is nothing left. The lovers bemoaned each other for days. Hou Ping has lived in the village for ten years, and he has no worries about food and clothing. Keep two counties in succession, exhaust their salaries and lead them first. Every book you get will be signed with * *, and the whole episode will be signed. Get a book, draw a picture, get an easy job, get a job, also play with books, criticize defects, and be a candle at night. Therefore, the paper is exquisite, the calligraphy and painting are complete, and the book collectors are the best. I learn by rote and go back to make tea every time after dinner. Refers to the accumulation of book history, saying that something is on the first line of the first page of a book, and winning or losing is the order of drinking tea. In the middle is to raise a glass and laugh until the tea knocks over your arms and you can't drink it. Willing to miss home forever! Therefore, although I am in trouble and down and out, I am indomitable. After the collection of books is completed, I will go back to the library, with a large cabinet of books and a set of books. If you want to talk and read, please type the book and close the paper. If there is less pollution, you will be punished, wiped and altered, and you will no longer be embarrassed. This is a desire for comfort, but take chestnut instead. I couldn't stand eating too much, so I began to eat heavy meat and chose my clothes again. Kubinashi pearls are decorated with jade, but there is no gold-plated embroidery in the room. If there are hundreds of books and history, there is no shortage of words, and there is no mistake in this book, someone will copy it in the market. As Zhouyi and Zuozhuan are both family heirlooms, the written materials of the two schools are the best. So I listed several cases and borrowed the pillow mat, so I became interested in it and enjoyed it. At the age of Jingkang Bingwu, Hou Shouzichuan heard that Jinkou had committed the crime of the capital, and he was at a loss, finding that his box was full, and he was madly in love and disappointed, knowing that it would not be his own business. Before Jane came to the south in March, my wife also came to the south. Because she can't carry all the treasures, she first went to those who printed books, those who painted many pictures, and those who knew nothing about ancient utensils. Later, he went to supervise the book, painting is average, and the instrument is important. After repeated deductions, there are fifteen copies left. In the East China Sea, I crossed the Huaihe River and crossed the river to Jiankang. Qingzhou is the first place to lock books and things, with more than ten rooms. It is expected to be shipped by ship next spring. In December, Jin people were trapped in Qingzhou, and more than ten families were already simmering. In September when Shenqiu was built, Hou Qifu studied Jiankang House, and in March he took a boat to Wuhu, where he became familiar with Wuhu and settled in Jiangxi Water. In the summer of May, I went to Chiyang and was told to go to Huzhou. So he stayed at Chiyang's home and made a phone call alone. On June 13, I began to bear the burden of giving up the boat, sitting on the shore, wearing a towel on the shore, and my spirit was like a tiger. My eyes are rotten. I photographed people and looked at the boat to say goodbye. I was so disgusted that I shouted, "It is rumored that there is an emergency in the city. What can I do?" Ji replied from a distance, "Follow the crowd. If you have to, first abandon trenches, second abandon clothes and quilts, second abandon books, and second abandon antiques; Those only so-called weapons can be proud of themselves and live and die with the body. Don't forget! " So he ran away. Mercedes-Benz in the paint, steaming, feels disgusting. When you are at your best, you are ill. At the end of July, books and newspapers fell ill. I am shocked and anxious, but I have to take cold medicine when I am sick and hot. I can worry about my illness. So I got off the boat and walked three hundred miles a day. In contrast, if you eat Bupleurum and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, you will get malaria dysentery and become terminally ill. I sobbed and couldn't bear to ask about the funeral. August 18, I can't afford it. I took a pen and wrote a poem to end. I didn't mean to sell it. After the burial, there was nothing left. The imperial court has sent six palaces and the river has been banned. At that time, there were 20,000 books, 2,000 golden stone carvings, utensils and mosquito-repellent incense mats, which could accommodate hundreds of guests. I'm seriously ill again. I just have to breathe. Things are pressing day by day, so I miss Hou's sister-in-law and serve as assistant minister of the Ministry of War. As I was in Hongzhou, I sent two old collectors to deliver my luggage first. In winter and December, Jinkou was trapped in Hongzhou and abandoned it. The so-called book of crossing the river disappeared without a trace again. I only have a few small volumes of books and posts, and I have written Li Duhan and Liu Ji's "Shi Shuo" Yan Tielun. There are dozens of scrolls of stone carvings in Han and Tang dynasties and ten pieces of three algebra. People who write books in the Southern Tang Dynasty occasionally play with their own diseases and move to the bedroom to live alone. You are not allowed to go to Shangjiang, but you are ignorant. He had a younger brother, who was appointed as an official by the bureau, so he followed suit. In Taiwan Province, Taiwan Province guards have fled; Out of harmony, he abandoned his clothes and was taken away from Huangyan. We chartered a boat to go to sea and stayed in Zhang 'an. The temperature from the imperial boat to the sea, the more. In December in Geng Xu, officials were released and roads were occupied. 19 1 1 Shaoxing was returned to Vietnam in the spring of; Lunzi went to Hangzhou again. When Hou was in a hurry, Zhang Feiqing, a bachelor, went to visit Hou with a jade pot and took it with him. In fact, it is very precious. I don't know who passed it on, so I rumoured that there was a gold medal, or there was a secret discussion. I was too scared to say anything and didn't dare to do it myself. I tried my best to throw all the bronzes and other things at home into the outer court. In Vietnam, I moved to Siming. I dare not stay at home and write a book and send it. Later, the loyalists took it from the rebels and heard about it. The so-called solitude, carefree ten to five or six. Only calligraphy, painting, inkstone and ink can be used for five or seven years, and it is even more unbearable to put it elsewhere. Often under the sofa, hands open and close. In Huiji, there are no people in the world who are involved in affairs. Suddenly one night, the cave walls became negative. I was heartbroken and regained my reward and redemption. Two days later, our neighbor Zhong Fuhao came to ask for the reward of eighteen axes. He knew that the thief was not far away. I tried my best to get it, but I couldn't get the rest. Now I know that Wu Shuo made it cheap. The so-called solitary person, nine times out of ten. There are three books that are incomplete and incomplete. Even books and posts are cherished like protecting leaders. Why are you stupid? Suddenly reading this book today is like seeing an old friend. Recalling that Hou was in the Jingzhi Hall in Donglai, he signed a pale green ribbon when he first installed it, and tied ten rolls to make a roll. Every evening, officials will disperse, sort out two volumes, inscribe one volume, and add a postscript. This 2000-volume book has 520 volumes of inscriptions. Now the hands are like new, the tomb is arched, and you are sad! Yesterday, Jiangling in Xiao Yi fell into a trap. He did not hesitate to destroy calligraphy and painting at the expense of the country. Yang Guang Jiangdu capsized, but he recovered his books and did not mourn his death. What does human nature write, life and death can not be forgotten? Or is providence too meager to enjoy this stunner? Even if the deceased knows, he still cherishes it and refuses to stay in the world. Hard to get, but easy to lose! Alas, I have been assigned for two years since I was a child landing machine, and I will be two years old after Qu Boyu. For thirty-four years, I have been suffering from considerations of gain and loss. However, it is natural to do something and get together. When a person dies, he will get it and do nothing. Therefore, those who only remember the whole story also want to give a warning to those who are good at GuBoya in the future. In the second year of Shaoxing, Xuannuo was a strong man, and Jia Yin was born in the month. -Preface of the inscription record
Edit the artistic features of this passage.
Li Qingzhao's ci is divided into two periods. The poems that are always in my heart in the early stage are beautiful and charming. The early poems mainly describe the theme of hurting spring resentment and boudoir life, which shows the sentimental personality of female poets. For example, "Like a Dream" describes the love of spring and flowers: "There was a shower last night, and a deep sleep did not require wine. Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. You know what? You know what? It should be green, fat and thin. " Another song: "I always remember the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know the way back when I am drunk." Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng. Fight for the ferry, fight for the ferry, and open a beach of gulls and herons. "The words she wrote for Zhao Mingcheng's" Going Out "are more affectionate and unique. For example, "Drunken Flowers" describes that the poetess feels lonely at the Double Ninth Festival, so she uses yellow flowers as a metaphor to say: "The fog is thick and the clouds are long and sorrowful, and the spirit is refreshing, and the golden beast disappears. The festival is also a double ninth festival, and the jade pillow gauze kitchen is half cold at night. Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Mo Tao is immortal, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. "Her conception is novel and her taste is elegant, which is not comparable to the first-person narrator of ordinary male writers. Another example is "A Plum with a Plum", which expresses the poet's yearning for her husband's letter: "Flowers drift away, and water flows by itself, which is a kind of lovesickness and two leisure worries. There is no way to eliminate this situation. I just frowned, but I still went to my heart. "In the later period, the content of the word is nostalgic and mournful. Her later poems are full of emotional feelings of "things are wrong", thus expressing her deep attachment to the old country and the past. For example, the first film "Slow Voice and Slow Breath" shows the poet's sense of loss in "looking for" and the sad expression of being alone in the "cold and lonely, miserable and miserable" environment. The next film touches the scene and regrets autumn: "The ground yellow flowers are piled up and worn out. Who can pick them now? "Looking out the window, how can you be alone in the dark? Indus is drizzling, and at dusk, it is falling. This time, what a sad sentence? " The whole word is concise in language, fast in rhythm and sad in artistic conception. Another famous poem, Never Meet Happiness, is caused by Yuanxiao, which is a nostalgia for the past "the heyday of Zhongzhou". The next article reads: "Zhongzhou is prosperous, and the boudoir is more idle. Remember to pay more attention to three or five, and lay a green crown. Twist the golden snow willow, gather the beams to help Chu, and today it is gaunt and frost. If you are afraid of going out at night, you might as well go. Under the curtain, listen to people laugh. " The whole poem reveals deep sadness about the changes of the country and sadness about the past. Later, Liu Chenweng, a poet at the end of the Song Dynasty, couldn't help crying for it. Generally speaking, Li Qingzhao's early works are characterized by beauty and elegance, showing women's keen and delicate feelings, and often using sketch pens in expression techniques, which are true and natural. As for his later works, it can be divided into two achievements: one still retains the keen and slender feeling of women in the early stage, but compared with his earlier works, it looks gloomy and sad in artistic conception, such as the song "Stars in the sky" in Nan Gezi, which can be taken as a representative; The other one broke through the limitation of women's emotions and reached a very graceful and detached realm in artistic conception, such as "The Pride of Fisherman": "When the sky meets clouds and smoke, the Milky Way wants to turn to Qian Fan dance. As if the dream soul belongs to the emperor, Wen Tian asked me where to go. I report the long night and study poetry. There are amazing sentences. Nine, Wan Li winds up, the wind stops, and the boat blows away the three mountains. " Symbolism is used throughout. In the past, her love and scenery were quite realistic, but this word made a breakthrough. Both image and emotion have entered a very lofty realm, and the combination of image and emotion is just right. This achievement deserves attention. In her later years, Li Qingzhao had a spirit of "heroic and floating". Although most of these works have been lost, there are still her poems as evidence. "Life is a hero, and death is a ghost." I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. "After the emperor moved the capital to Lin 'an, he just wanted to live a quiet life and had no ambition to recover his country. This poem by Li Qingzhao can really make those who live quietly ashamed. In another poem, there is a sentence, "Mulan is a good girl, but she is too old to be ambitious." I hope she crosses the Huaihe River ",expressing admiration for Mulan's ability to take up arms and join the army to kill the enemy, saying that this is a really good woman. However, I am too old to go thousands of miles away to kill the enemy, but I still want to keep my last wish. I hope to see Dunan people cross the sea together and return to the north one day. These sentences all show Li Qingzhao's heroism.