Fang, born in 1877, died in 1966, named Zongyue, and later named Luyuan old man. A native of Fushan (now Zongyang) in Tongcheng County, he was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of his open mind, he actively advocated new culture and was a famous educator and social activist in China.
Chinese name: Fang ranks fifth.
Alias: Luyuan Old Man
Nationality: China.
Birthplace: Fushan, Tongcheng County
Date of birth: 1877
Date of death: 1966
Occupation: educator
Representative works: poems of Fudushan.
brief introduction
He studied hard since he was a child and was quite talented. As a teenager, he ranked first in the county government. After he was seventeen, he taught in a private school in his hometown for eight years. When Wu Rulun founded Tongcheng School in Anqing, he learned that he was well-read and invited him to be a senior. 1in the spring of 902, Fang went to give lectures at Cai's home in Anqing, and soon got to know patriotic intellectuals who advocated reform, such as Chen Duxiu, who had just returned from Japan, and set up a "Youth Inspirational Society", which met every week to discuss state affairs, and also launched patriotic and anti-imperialist speeches in the North Gate Library in Anqing, which promoted the spread of revolutionary ideas in Anhui. Wu Rulun, the head teacher of Jingshi University, returned to Japan after visiting the academic system. He founded Tongcheng School in the south courtyard of Anqing Governor's yamen, and served as the school's provost. The following year, students were enrolled, and Fang Ran Ku, a gifted scholar, was selected as the senior.
1in the spring of 904, Chen Duxiu led them to co-establish Anhui proverbs, the first democratic revolutionary publication in Anhui province. Chen is the editor-in-chief and main contributor of the newspaper, and Fang is responsible for educational editing. With the aim of "saving the nation from extinction and enlightening the people's wisdom", he exposed all kinds of imperialist aggression against China, introduced new knowledge and ideas to readers, and attacked traditional feudalism.
That autumn, he went to Japan to study and educate, where he met Qiu Jin, a female revolutionary, and the truth of the revolution. 1In the summer of 905, Anhui Public College added a "crash normal school", and Fang was invited to return to China to preside over it, actively set up a crash normal school in Wuhu, and continued to participate in the editing of Anhui Daily. Soon, due to the publication of diplomatic news, the China government office ordered the closure of newspapers at the request of the British consul.
After returning to China from 65438 to 0905, Fang engaged in running schools and newspapers in Penghu for a period of time. 19 12, Xu Shiying became the minister of justice. He was invited to Beijing to edit the Judicial Bulletin, and later served as the editor-in-chief of Northeast Daily and Judicial News. In the spring of the following year, he was beaten by warlords because he published the news of Wuchang Uprising in the northeast, and he never recovered. 19 16, which was inspected by the Ministry of Communications.
192 1 year, Fang Rank 5 was appointed as Daoyin of Wuhu. During his tenure, he helped Xu Shiying and other progressives to oppose the bribery of warlord Ni, organized elections and won. However, he aspired to the cause of culture and education and hated officialdom. 1924 Resigned to run a library in Fushan.
Fushan Primary School was founded on 1925 because it still loves education. 1928, he tried his best to raise funds and went through hardships to find excellent teachers everywhere. He founded Fushan junior high school in Tongcheng, and served as the principal and chairman himself. He scrimped and saved and didn't even have a place to live. He lives a very simple life with Huayan Temple and Jinguyan as his home. Only in 1929 did he build a "double-looking pavilion" house next to the school, so that he could have a fixed residence. Because Fang has been devoted to education in Fushan, with many students, he supported the revolutionary work with his own profession and reputation, and also sheltered martyrs such as Wang Buwen and Mrs. Sun Bingwen, and made contributions to the proletarian revolutionary cause.
194 1 year, Japanese planes bombed his school. He was in pain, but he was not discouraged. He went to Shanghai, Hong Kong and other places to accuse the Japanese army of crimes and actively raised money for the school. He received support from people from all walks of life and raised more than 40,000 yuan. Finally, the school resumed. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the school developed, and 1946 added a high school. Besides teaching and management, he also wrote a lot of poems. Existing great calligrapher Shen inscribed, Guangming Fu, preface "Fushan Poetry".
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Fang attended the first National Political Consultative Conference as a special representative. Commander-in-Chief Zhu De and Premier Zhou Enlai visited him at his residence and praised his contribution to education.
Later, Fang served as the first to third vice-chairman of Anhui Province and a member of the Anhui Provincial People's Government.
all one's life
Fang's father is a teacher. Rank five young children study with their fathers, but they are not crowned. Because of their difficult livelihood, they took classes as their profession and arrived for another year.
1902, Rank Five Pavilion was located in Anqing, where he got to know Chen Duxiu and other progressives and benefited a lot. He often went to Anqing Library to give speeches, attacking the current abuses, making passionate remarks and moving listeners, and was wanted by the Qing government. In the autumn of the same year, I went to Japan with Wu Zhifu to inspect the academic system. After returning to China, he helped to establish tongcheng middle school and invited him as a senior.
In February of the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), Chen Duxiu, Fang, Wu Shouyi and others founded Anhui proverb, which was the first vernacular newspaper in Anhui history.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/904, Fang went to Japan for an accelerated normal course. 1In the summer of 905, Anhui Public College established the crash normal school, and Rank Five returned to China to preside over the school affairs of the crash normal school at the invitation of Li Guangjiong. And continue to engage in the editing work of Anhui Daily. Due to its strong anti-imperialist and anti-feudal color, 1998 was seized by the Qing government.
19 1 1 In the spring of last year, Wu Rank went to Fengtian (now Shenyang) as the editor-in-chief of Northeast Daily at the invitation of a friend. Under its sponsorship, the newspaper updated its layout and changed its style of writing. It often publishes articles condemning the evils of imperialism and exposing the corruption of state affairs. Popular and pungent words, hostility to the authorities, repeated warnings. Northeast China is the birthplace of Nurhachi, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty, where the aristocratic forces of the Qing Dynasty are intertwined. After Wuchang Uprising, the public security here became stricter, and detectives stepped up their efforts to arrest revolutionaries. The house was also listed as a suspect, and the arm bone was interrupted by the patrol. With the help of his friends, he secretly went to Tianjin to avoid being blindsided.
19 12 In the spring, Xu Shiying, a close friend ranked fifth, became the Minister of Justice, and invited the party to Beijing to edit the Judicial Bulletin. He objectively compiled and disseminated judicial decrees and social news, and often wrote articles criticizing the shortcomings of the times. Song was assassinated by Yuan Shikai, who wrote elegiac couplets to mourn and expose Yuan's sins. 192 1 Go back to Anhui to participate in the "anti-bribery election" struggle carried out by all walks of life in Anhui. After returning to his hometown of Fushan, he devoted himself to running a school. To this end, regardless of his hard work, he ran around to raise five or six thousand yuan of funds, built a school building in the scenic Fushan, and founded Fushan Primary School on 1925. Then, he went to Shanghai, Nanjing, Beijing, Tianjin and other places to raise more than 13 thousand yuan to build school buildings. 1928, Fushan Primary School changed to junior high school, and he became the principal himself. Most of the teachers hired are progressives with excellent skills and noble ethics. Huang Zhen, former Minister of Culture, was employed as an art teacher at that time.
Join a political party
Mr.five's ideological progress is closely related to our party. When he presided over the school administration in Fushan Middle School, he covered the revolutionary work with underground party member and secretly supported the underground party member teachers in the school to publicize Marxism-Leninism theory to students. So many students in this school have joined the China Producer Party. After the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, the producers of * * * in Shanghai and Anqing all came here to take refuge. Wang Buwen, then secretary of Anhui Provincial Party Committee, lived here for several months. After the proletarian revolutionary martyr Sun Bingwen died in Shanghai, his wife Ren Rui took refuge in Fushan Middle School with four children for more than two years. Party members: Chen, Zhang Suiming, Zhu Yunshan, Zhou Xinmin, etc. , and often travel to Fushan Middle School. After his arrival, Mr. Wang warmly entertained him and talked about the world situation and the bright future of China. 1February, 928, the Communist Party of China sent Wu Kezheng to Fushan Public School to establish a party organization (as a physical education teacher of the school). In school, Ke carried out revolutionary activities among teachers and students as a teacher and secretly developed party member, which led to the early establishment of a party group organization in Fushan College. It has successively developed Zheng, Huang Jinghuan (Huang Guiyuan), Wang Jingjiang, Zhou Fuan, Wu and others to join the party; A number of revolutionary backbones have been trained, such as (Huang Hou served as an art teacher in this school). 1998 At the turn of spring and summer, a party branch was formally established at Jinguyan, Fushan, with Wu Ke as the secretary.
run a school
194 1 year, the Japanese bombed Fushan and the school building was destroyed. Mr. Wang went to Shanghai and other places to raise money many times, and raised more than 40 thousand yuan to rebuild the school building and restore the old view; It also raised funds to open a high school class in 1945, and turned Fushan Middle School into a complete middle school. At this point, his long-cherished wish was finally fully realized. Fushan Primary School and Fushan Middle School, which he founded with painstaking efforts, have trained a large number of talents for the country.
old age
1 949101October1,People's Republic of China (PRC) was proclaimed. Five ranks saw the news of founding ceremony, and couldn't help but be sincerely happy, full of tears and uplifted, saying, "Our history in China has finally entered a new chapter!" 195 1 year, he went to Beijing as a special representative to attend the China People's Political Consultative Conference. During the meeting, Premier Zhou Enlai clasped his hands in the lounge, praised his many contributions to the revolution and the cultivation of talents, and encouraged him to do more for CPPCC in his later years. Commander-in-Chief Zhu De also made a special trip to visit his hotel. Since then, he has served as a deputy to the Anhui Provincial People's Congress and vice chairman of the Anhui Provincial Political Consultative Conference. 1966, died in Anqing at the age of 89. There are many poems in my life, including more than 300 ancient and modern poems, which have been compiled into Du Fu Shan Shi Village.
Former?Residence?
Fang is the founder of Fushan Middle School. 1929, in order to manage the school, he built a unique small building in the northeast of the school. In the attic, you can overlook the grave of the fifth parent on the other side of the Xishi River. Because of the assistance in the Book of Songs, I look forward to my father; Looking forward to my mother, I named the attic "Shuangzhan Pavilion".
Shuangzhan Pavilion consists of three parts, with a gatehouse in front, a pavilion in the middle, a footroom in the back and earth walls around, covering an area of 19 13 square meters. The exhibition hall was designed by Yang Youqing, a student studying in Japan and general manager of Fushan Middle School. Its main building area is 192 square meters, which is divided into two floors. The wooden floor and the floor downstairs are paved with cement. In front of the building is a hexagonal pavilion, all of which are glass windows; You are a wide corridor with cement railings and stone steps leading to the gatehouse. There is a plaque in the center of the front eaves of the pavilion, which reads "Double Sight Pavilion". Shen Zhu, a former Shanghai celebrity, is now Zhang Zhu, former chairman of Anhui CPPCC. The three big characters in front of the gate are written in imitation of the font on the bookcase, which is said to be Fang Wupin's ink. Once upon a time, downstairs was Fang's bedroom and living room; The library is upstairs. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), Fang donated this museum as the "Fushan Martyrs Memorial Hall", which was managed by Fushan Middle School and then occupied by the local forest farm. 1984, Zongyang County People's Government made a decision to take back the double exhibition pavilion and hand it over to Fushan Management Office for use. At that time, the management office rebuilt this pavilion and built a staff dormitory. 1989, the county government listed it as a key cultural relics protection unit at the county level. In the second year, under the auspices of the management office, it was expanded, and the former residence and the moon invitation hall were newly built, which added luster to Fang's former residence.