Cui Zhichuan and Cui Tingbo are from Anping. Great-grandfather Cui Chao was the secretariat of Youzhou, and warned the secretariat not to associate with Taoist Yan. Later, the assassination of the king failed and he was promoted to an imperial envoy. Gave birth to a son, named Cui Shu, who was the magistrate of four counties and was known everywhere for his ability. Cui Shu's youngest son, named Cui Jian, did county literature when Wang Mang was young, so that he could get on the bus in the Ming Dynasty. Taibao Zhen Feng promoted him to captain of infantry.
Cui Qian said, "I heard that when conquering the country, you don't ask benevolent people, and when fighting, you don't visit Confucian scholars. How can I find this move? " So since Chen had it, he went home. Wang Mang hates people who disagree with him and vilifies them in many ways. At that time, Cui Jian's brother Cui Fa was favored by follwed because of coincidence, and his official position was very ordinary. My mother's teacher family can learn Confucian classics and hundreds of sayings. Wang Mang's pet got a special gift. She was awarded the title of Mrs. Cheng Yi, a gold seal and a purple ribbon, which is remarkable in the new generation. Later, Cui Jian was used to establish a new great Yin. Cui Jian sighed helplessly: "I was born in an innocent world. When I met gentlemen like Shui and Yi, I had an old mother and a brother. How can I be alone and make my life dangerous? " It was the bicycle that arrived at the official station and said that he was ill and didn't care. He hasn't been to the county to persuade farmers to mulberry for three years. Ni Chang, a servant under the door, advised him, but Cui Jian reluctantly got up and issued a spring order. In the county where I went, the prison was crowded with people. Cui Jian said with tears, "Alas! The free throw missed, so people were trapped. What crimes have these people committed and are locked up here! " So a fair trial was held and more than 2000 people were released. A hundred officials kowtowed and advised, "At the beginning of the imperial court, state grazing was very strict. Forgiving prisoners is indeed the heart of the benevolent; However, if you do this alone, will you regret it! " Cui Zhi said: "Zhu Wengong will not tell a person to know life just because he has changed his body. I am willing to kill a handful of silver and redeem two thousand people. " So he said he was ill and left.
In the early years of Jianwu, the imperial court recommended many words, and the secretariat of Youzhou cited Cui Xian as a sage. Cui Jian resigned because the imperial clan was spoiled by follwed and ashamed of the Han clan. I lived in Xingyang, reflected behind closed doors, and wrote 64 chapters of Zhouyi Lin, which was used to decide good or bad luck and check more. At the end of his life, he made a memorial for himself, called "Comfort the Spirit". Cui Jian gave birth to Cui Yi, who became invisible due to illness. Cui Yisheng gave birth to Cui Zhi. At the age of thirteen, he was familiar with The Book of Songs, The Book of Changes and The Spring and Autumn Annals. He is knowledgeable and talented. He knows all the ancient and modern exegesis and can write articles. I have been to imperial academy when I was young, and I am as famous as Bangu and Yi Fu. I often study classics as my profession, not as an official. At that time, some people laughed at him for being too mysterious and quiet, and later his name was inaccurate.
Cui Jian imitated Yang Xiong's "All Dynasties" and wrote "Dazhi" to answer them. During the Yuanhe period, Su Zong only performed ancient rituals and traveled to Fang Yue. Cui Jian's Four Wandering Poems is called Hande. The words are beautiful. There are too many words, so I won't remember them here. The emperor often writes good articles. After reading Cui Jian's Fu, he often sighs. He said to the waiter Dou Xian, "Do you know Cui Jian?" Answer: "Ban Gu told me about him many times, but I have never seen him." The emperor said, "You prefer Ban Gu to Cui Jian. This is Ye Gong's good dragon. " . Please try to see him. "Cui Jian greeted Dou Xian from here. Dou Xian hurriedly put on his shoes and greeted him at the door. He smiled and said to Main, "Uncle Ting, I have been ordered by the emperor to make friends with you. You won't treat me badly, will you? "So I was honored as a guest. Before long, the emperor came to Dou Xian's home. Cui Jian was in Xian's house, and the emperor heard about it and wanted to summon him. Dou Xian advised him not to see the man in white. The emperor understood and said, "I can leave Cui Jian with me every morning, so why stay here!" " "I was about to ask him to be an official when the emperor died. When Dou Taihou came to the court, Dou Xian sent a letter to the cashier. Cui Jian wrote a book warning: "It is foolish for Ma to say that he has a shallow friendship and deep words;" It is foolish to look down on your appearance; It is slander to accept advice without believing it. None of the three items are suitable, but I want to try, because I want to be humble and angry, but I can't stop. In private, I saw the graceful posture, bow and wisdom, aesthetic feeling and ambition of the lower limbs, as well as the demeanor of being a sage. Fortunately, the horse had to fill the pavilion and was in the back, so he tried his best to say a word.
"The ancients said:' Those who are born rich are proud, and those who are born expensive are proud.' There is no such thing as being born rich and not proud. At present, it is the prosperous time of Yao and Shun, and it is at the time of Guanghua. Why not spend a few days in the morning and evening to make everyone's reputation last forever, carry forward Shen Bo's good reputation, and achieve the career of Duke Zhou and Zhao Gong? As the old saying goes,' if you don't suffer from nowhere, you will suffer from loss'. I'm not worried about having no status, but I'm worried that I'm not among the benevolent. ) Once upon a time, Feng was called a virtuous minister, and his consorts had a high status. Recently, Yin Weiwei refused to give herself a gift and was finally blessed. The ancestors of the Yongjia family were not arrogant and upright clans, nor were they heartless. Heavy Hou tired will, construction, bucket handle, (refers to the nine princes and five Sima, master the national power. Why was it ridiculed at that time, especially for later generations? Why? Just because it is full and not full, there are more positions and less righteousness. After the Han dynasty, there were only four people in my family, 20 people in my family, and the whole family. It was time for me to mourn Pingdi. The Book of Songs says,' In view of Yin.' (Note: Taking Yin Shang as a mirror) Is it imprudent? "The rise of Dou Shi, starting from emperor xiaowen.
Chang Jun and Shao Jun, with Chunshu, became famous the day before yesterday. An Fenghou takes saving the world as his virtue, which can be clearly seen from Zhongxing. Self-discipline with loyalty, self-discipline with external use, and finally enjoy the wealth of the country, which has been blessed to this day. The light of modesty is praised by Zhouyi; The location of overflow is forbidden by Taoism. Therefore, a gentleman is blessed and cautious, while a knight is long and respectful. Looking at the distance, there are rules to follow in pitching, which are engraved on several sticks and between plates and bowls. Be conscientious and never dare to waste time. In this way, a hundred blessings will come and the celebration will be endless. "Wait until Dou Xian did ride a general, called Cui Jian do slap collectors. The virtuous mansion is expensive, belonging to thirty people, all of whom are secretariat, with a stone of two thousand. Only Cui Jian, a young Chu Shi native, was promoted during this period. Dou Xian's arrogance was repeatedly discouraged by Cui Jian. When the Huns attacked, there were many illegal things on the road. Cui Jian made the main book and played it back and forth dozens of times, pointing out the length. Dou Xian couldn't stand it and alienated him a little, because Cui Jian was a high-ranking man and asked him to be the magistrate of Changling County. Cui Jian thought he was far away and dissatisfied, so he had no official position to go home. In the fourth year of Yongyuan (92), he died at home. Twenty-one poems, fu, Ming, fu, books, notes, tables, seven appointments, wedding closing speech, wine police. Neutron Cui Yuan.
Cui Yuanchuan, Cui Yuanzi Yu Zi, lost his father in his early years, determined to study, and tried his best to inherit his father's footsteps. /kloc-when he went to Beijing at the age of 0/8, Jia Kui spoke out bravely and Jia Kui treated him very well. So Cui Yuan has the opportunity to study abroad, so he will be an official tomorrow, including Jing Fang Yi Zhuan, and six out of seven. Confucianism regards him as their ancestor. Especially friendly with Fufeng Ma Rong and Nanyang Zhang Heng. At first, Cui Yuan's brother Cui Zhang was killed by the state people. Cui Yuan took revenge with a white blade and ran for his life. I saw the Amnesty and went home. The family is poor, and the two brothers have lived together for decades, and the village is influenced by them. Cui Yuan became a county magistrate in her forties. He was imprisoned in Fagan County, Dong Jun County for something. Cui Yuan often reads the Book of Rites after the exam.
Even when he met with difficulties, he was absorbed and eager to learn. Later, when things were clear, they were sent home and called by Deng Zun, the general of the Liao Dynasty. Soon, Deng Zun was killed and Cui Yuan was dismissed. Later, he was called into the mansion of motorcycle general Yan Xian. At that time, Queen Yan claimed to be the Regent, acting as the son of heaven, and Yan first entered the DPRK to participate in politics. First, Andi abolished the prince as king, and Beixianghou was the heir. Cui Yuan thought it was wrong, knowing that Yan Xian would fail, and wanted to say that Li would be abolished, but Yan Xian was too drunk to see him. Therefore, Chen Chan, a man with a long history, said, "I often serve Jiang Jing and Chen Da. And I was tempted by my love, so I abolished orthodoxy and supported the establishment of evil. " The little emperor acceded to the throne, sick in the harem, and the monopoly of frequency came here again. Today, I would like to ask an audience with Chang Shijun * * *, and advise the general to ask the queen mother to arrest Jiang Jing and others, abolish the little emperor and lead the king of Yin Ji, which will certainly meet the hopes of Tianxin and the people. The achievements of Iraq and Huo Zhi are inseparable, so the brotherhood of generals spread to infinity. If you refuse to go against God's will and remain empty for a long time, then innocence will become a great evil. This is a good or bad opportunity when work is separated. "Chen Chan hesitated, afraid to listen. When Sun Cheng met Bei Xianghou and died, he stepped forward to help Wang Yin. This is Shun Di. Brother Yan Xian was killed and Cui Yuan was rejected. One of his students, Su You, knew Cui Yuan's intention and wanted to write a letter to clarify the situation. Hearing this, Cui Yuan immediately stopped him. At that time, Chen chan became a captain of the official department, named Cui yuan. He said to Yuan, "But after listening to Sue's letter, I can testify for you. "Cui Yuan said," It's like a son talking to his little wife in private. I hope you don't say it. "So I resigned, and the county no longer ordered me. After a long time, General Liang Shangxian opened the mansion, called Cui Yuan. An official who thinks he will become an aristocrat again may be dismissed again, so he will resign in spite of illness. In the middle of the year, he was promoted to Maocai and was appointed as Jixian County. When I was in office, I talked about timely affairs several times and cultivated hundreds of hectares of rice fields for the people. After seven years in power, people are full of praise for him. In the early years of Han 'an, Hu Guang, a senior, and Zhang Dou, a junior, recommended Cui Yuan as a scholar of Su De. He has made great achievements in politics and should not stay in his next position for a long time, so he was promoted to Jibei. At this time, Gu Li was the satrap of Mount Tai, praised Cui Yuan's elegance, and gave a book gift to show his hospitality. For more than a year, Du Qiao, the doctor of Guanglu, was appointed as the Eight Ambassadors, who was partial to an county, and called Cui Yuan as Tingwei for taking bribes. Cui Yuan wrote a letter to prosecute himself, found out the case and let him go. He soon died of illness at the age of 66. On his deathbed, Gu ordered his son Cui E to say, "Man is born by grasping the spirit of heaven and earth, but when he dies, his bones return to the ground. Don't bury the body or go back to your hometown. Those donated items that pay homage to sheep and pigs will not be accepted. " Cui E was buried in Luoyang after his death. Cui's original writing style is very high, especially good at writing books, playing sparse, proverbs and inscriptions. He has written 57 poems, including Fu, stele, inscription, prose, Fu, Seven Nights, Nanyang literature official records, lamentations, moving articles, regrets, cursive scripts and seven words. His Official History of Nanyang Literature is called Descendants, and everyone who can write about it thinks it can't keep up. Cuiyuan loves guests, prepares dishes and meals, and uses all the delicious food, no matter how much is left. Eat only vegetables and soup every day. There is little savings at home, which is clean in the world.
The biography of Cui E, Cui E and Yu Zizhen, also known as Taiwan Province, began with characters. When I was a teenager, I was quiet and liked reading. After his father died, he stood by the grave in mourning. At the end of the mourning period, Sangong invited him out to be an official, but he didn't go.
In the early years of Emperor Huan, the emperor issued a letter recommending people with extremely filial piety and good moral character to Gongqing County. Cui E can't attend the interview because of illness, so I'm sorry. Cui E is smart about the political system and has a strong ability to be an official. He wrote dozens of comments on contemporary political affairs, entitled "On Politics". In view of the key points at that time, the discussion was correct and won the praise of contemporary people. Zhong Changtong said, "All monarchs should copy it down as their motto." The article said: "Since Yaodi, Shun Di, Tang Wang and Wu Wang, they have all relied on the assistance of wise ministers and learned people as staff officers. So he wrote an article "Mo", Tang Yu prospered, and Yi Yin and he wrote "Xun", which prospered in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Later generations mainly made contributions to ZTE, why not rely on Lai Xianzhe's courtiers to make suggestions? Where the rule of the world is not good, it is often because the monarch has been peaceful for too long, the customs have gradually declined without knowing it, the politics have gradually rotted without repentance, and he has turned a blind eye to the dangerous and chaotic environment. Some people indulge their selfish desires, regardless of state affairs; Some people don't listen to good words and reverse right and wrong; Some people wander at the fork in the road and don't know where to go; Some people have trusted assistants around them, but they are not allowed to talk; Some people can't listen to the alienated minister because of their low status, so Wang Gangchi is abandoned by the top and the wise man is suppressed by the bottom. What a pity! " It has been more than 350 years since the rise of the Han Dynasty. Government decrees are dusty, people are lazy up and down, customs are languishing, people are false in homo habilis, and people are talking about it. They all hope that it will be saved when it comes back to life. Besides, the way to save the current situation must be the rule of Yao and Shun. As long as we can make up for the defects, add a pillar to prop up the building, suit the remedy to the case and implement the policy, and return the country to a peaceful environment. Therefore, the sages are responsible for weighing and formulating countermeasures according to the actual situation. The steps are different and the arrangements are ingenious. It is not advisable not to force people to do what they can't do, or to pursue what they hear against the urgent need at that time. In the past, Confucius' answers to the monarch's questions were different from person to person. He answered Ye Gong's questions about politics, that is, he asked those who were near to please those who were far away. Answering Lu Aigong means "politics is the selection of sages"; Qi Jinggong's answer is "politics is saving money", not because of the different ways of politics, but because of the different emphases. Therefore, people who just accepted the destiny as king often have some unique rules, and the king of ZTE should also correct the mistakes at that time. In ancient times, Pan Geng wanted to revive the Shang Dynasty and move its capital from Geng to Bo. Zhou Muwang was wrong and asked Fu Hou to amend the criminal law. And some laity stick to China's ancient records, don't know how to be flexible, listen to anecdotes and ignore the present reality. How can you talk to them about state affairs? Therefore, talking about politics, although it sounds moral, actually doesn't work. Why? Those stubborn people have no idea about the situation at that time and are used to taking the old road. Don't know how to enjoy success, how to consider opening up a new situation, just follow the old rules. Some smart people are boastful, jealous of others, unwilling to cooperate with people with different political views and write articles to express their ideas, but they are outnumbered and eventually abandoned. Even if sages like Ji and Qi are still there, they will still find it difficult. This is the reason why Jia Yi was rejected by Jiang He and why Qu Yuan wrote Li Sao to vent his anger.
Emperor Wen of Han was so wise, Jia Sheng was so talented and loyal. Where are the others? "Do what you can, this is mentioned in the Spring and Autumn Annals. Now we can't completely follow the method of three emperors and five emperors. It is necessary to participate in some hegemonic politics, reward the country with deep punishment, and formulate written laws to check all work. If you don't have superior moral character, you can be strict, and looseness is bound to be disorderly. How did you know this would happen? In modern times, Xiao Xuan knew how to be a monarch and studied the theory of governing the country, so he used harsh laws to scare off the bad guys, which made the domestic political discipline serious and made the world peaceful. Merit to ancestral temple, enjoy posthumous title zhongzong. His plan and effect surpassed that of Emperor Xiaowen. Later, when Yuan Di ascended the throne, he used loose politics. As a result, he completely failed and his authority was usurped, which became the root of the decline of the Han Dynasty. The quality of politics can be seen clearly here. In ancient times, Confucius wrote about the Spring and Autumn Period, praising Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong and Guan Zhong's contribution. Don't you know the right way to praise Zhou Wenwang and King Wu? It is indeed to flexibly save the truth of decline. So saints can change with the situation, and laymen don't know how to change. They believe that the ancient method of tying ropes can be used to control the chaos in the Qin Dynasty, and the dance of "getting up" can lift the siege of Pingcheng of Emperor Gaozu. Isn't this a distance of 108,000 miles? " It is a way to prolong life by imitating the movements of bears and stretching their necks to suck birds, but it can't cure typhoid fever; Breathing and exhaling can prolong life, but they can't connect broken bones well.
Some ways of governing the country are just like curing diseases. Pay attention to the way of health preservation at ordinary times. If you are sick, you should prescribe the right medicine. Punishment is equal to the prescription of troubled times; Moral education at ordinary times is like healthy meat.
Eliminating cruelty with moral education is equivalent to treating diseases with beam meat. Governing the world with punishment is equivalent to taking medicine stone as nutrition. Now is the time to inherit the hundred kings and decline, and it is also a bad time.
For generations, the government has been generous, just like a carriage driver who lost his horse's tap and the horse didn't have a bite, so that four stallions ran around and almost fell on the road. It is right to add a faucet to save it. Do you have time to listen to them ring the bell and press their feet rhythmically? Once upon a time, Emperor Gaozu called Xiao He a nine-chapter law order, in which there were provisions to kill three families, such as faceted, nose-cutting, toe-cutting, tongue-cutting and beheading, so it was called five punishments. Although Emperor Wen of Han abolished corporal punishment, he wanted to cut off his nose and hit 300 boards instead, cut off his left toe and hit 500 boards instead, and cut off his right toe and beheaded him. However, all those who cut off their right toes lost their lives, and those who got hit by the board were often killed. Even in the name of mitigating punishment, they actually killed a lot. At this time, people all hope to resume corporal punishment.
In the first year of Emperor Jing (BC 156), he wrote:' There is no difference between increasing the number of clappers and felony. Even if you are lucky enough to die, you will become disabled. So the law was amended to reduce flogging. Since then, the victim has been saved. In this way, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty still imposed severe punishment, not light punishment. Peace is achieved through severe punishment, not forgiveness. If actions are consistent with words, it is necessary to start from the roots and let people learn from the five emperors and three kings. Get rid of the customs of the Qin dynasty, abide by the legacy of the former king, abandon the strategy of seeking temporary peace, repeat the ancient traces, restore the titles of public, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong, and establish a well-field system of one public and eight private. Then choose sages like Ji and Qi as assistants, and Yi Yin and Lu Shang as prime ministers. When playing music, the phoenix will attract hundreds of birds and dance with all the animals. If this is not the case, then more is just a burden. "Later, the court called Cui E to Tang, and the general went to be an official. Cui E didn't go. TaiSiNong yangfu and Shao Fu He Bao wrote to recommend Cui E, saying that Cui has a good talent and strong ability, and should be an official in the court. So the emperor appointed Cui as a negotiator, promoted to Sima, and wrote books with Bian Shao, Yan Dou and others in Dongguan. Later, Cui E became the magistrate of Wuyuan. The soil in Wuyuan is suitable for growing hemp, but the locals don't know how to weave it. People have no clothes to wear in winter, so they pile up some fine grass and sleep in the grass. When they come out to see the official, they are covered in grass. After Cui E took office, she told the people to sell the stored grain, buy them tools such as spinning, weaving, weaving and bundling, and teach them how to use them to keep the people from freezing. At this time, the Huns invaded Yunzhong and Shuofang continuously, killing officials and people, and fled for their lives nine times a year. Cui Hua tried to prepare his horse and scout the beacon tower. The enemy did not dare to invade and became the quietest place in the frontier fortress. When Cui E was ill, he was worshipped as a negotiator and examined the Five Classics with the famous Confucian doctors at that time. Coincidently with Liang Ji's murder, Cui E was an old official in Liang Ji. He was also implicated, but he was only an official and was imprisoned for several years. At that time, Xianbei invaded the border for many times, and the emperor issued a letter to the three princes to recommend a strong man of strategy and Cui E, who was worshipped as the satrap of Liaodong. On the way, my mother Liu died of illness and asked to go home to take care of her affairs. Mother Liu Pinde is very good and has read a lot of books.
At first, Cui E served as a satrap in Wuyuan, and his mother often taught him how to manage political affairs. Cui E's good grades are very helpful to his mother. When the funeral was over, the emperor worshipped him as a minister. Cui E was dismissed from her post and went home a few months later on the grounds that the situation was chaotic and she could not work due to illness. At the beginning, Cui E's father died, and Cui E sold the land, built a grave and set up a tombstone. After the burial, the family property was sold out. Because of poverty, they make a living by selling wine and porridge. People often laughed at him at that time, but he never changed. He just wants to break even and doesn't want to make a lot of money. Later, I became an official, mostly in border areas, and I was even poorer. Jianning years died of illness. The family is poor and has no money for funeral. Guang Luxun, Yang Ci, Yuan Feng, Shaofu Duan Qirui and others prepared coffins and funerary wares for him, and Wei Yuan, the great hero, erected a monument for him and praised his achievements. He wrote 15 inscriptions, essays, proverbs, questions, answers, seven words, temples, essays, tables, notes and books.