Hao Jing's Views on Literature and Calligraphy

Hao Jing opposed "the distinction between Chinese and foreigners", but advocated "one country in four seas", advocated unifying the world and ending the state of division since the late Tang Dynasty, but opposed the hierarchical concept among different nationalities. Hao Jing also advocated that you don't have to learn from the ancients in everything, and put forward that "you don't have to ask others for the law as the law", arguing that "the Three Kingdoms and the Six Dynasties were unknown, and the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties were afraid to do it themselves; In the five seasons and today, no celebrities take the Tang and Song Dynasties as the law and dare not do it on their own. " They stressed that scholars should "depend on themselves" when writing articles. It embodies Wen Zi's strong knowledge consciousness, free thought and innovative spirit.

His two articles, Internal Travel and Theory of Cultivation, give full play to Mencius' argument that I am good at cultivating my noble spirit, emphasize the self-cultivation of the subject spirit, and put forward that "the reason why saints are sacred, the reason why sages are virtuous and the reason why they are great are all cultivated" (Theory of Cultivation). Moreover, for article writing, he also emphasized that "everything is self-made" and "it is not necessary to seek other people's methods as the law". "The nameless people in the Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties took the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties as the law and did not dare to make their own; In the five seasons and today, the unknown family took the Tang and Song Dynasties as the law and dared not do it on their own "("Answering Friends' Essays "). There is a strong sense of confidence and innovation here. Hao attached great importance to the inner cultivation of the creative subject of calligraphy art, and limited the scope of enriching knowledge and cultivation to Neo-Confucianism. When talking about the object and process of calligraphy learning, he put forward a completely rational order.

He thinks: "To make a book today, we must first read the Six Classics and know where the Tao is. Shang Yang's knowledge, ambition, meaning, and fierce achievements in ancient learning are all there. Then Han Li and Qin Zhuan, playing with the ancient Chinese seal script, made a pen to make laws and get rid of vulgarity in order to get the emperor's original intention, and then familiarized themselves with the two Wang Guan books ... taking the right as the odd and the odd as the right, they went in and out between the two kings. At the beginning of the Emperor's Palace, Han Liqin began to prepare calligraphy. " (Zhu Sheng's calligraphy)