Tengwang Pavilion is located on the east bank of the Ganjiang River on Yanjiang Road, Nanchang City, northwest of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. It is known as the three famous towers in the south of the Yangtze River together with the Yueyang Tower in Hunan and the Yellow Crane Tower in Hubei. The original building of Tengwang Pavilion was very large, with a height of nine feet and three floors. It is eight feet six feet long from east to west and four feet five feet wide from north to south. Tengwang Pavilion has gone through many vicissitudes of life. It has been destroyed and rebuilt 28 times in history, which is rare in the world. The current penthouse was built in 1985 and is 57.5 meters high, covering an area of ??47,000 square metres. It imitates the style of the Song Dynasty and stands near the river.
The fourth year of Yonghui in Tang Dynasty (653 AD). It was built by Teng Wang Li Yuanying, the 22nd son of Tang Emperor Li Yuan and brother of Tang Taizong Li Shimin, when he was the governor of Hongzhou, and the pavilion was named after him. In June of the 13th year of Zhenguan (639 AD), Li Yuanying was granted the title of Prince Teng, and later moved to Hongzhou (Nanchang) as the governor. It is said that his only achievement was the construction of this tower on the bank of the Gan River in the west of the city in 653 AD - "Tengwang Pavilion" ".
In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 675), Yan Boyu, the governor of Hongzhou, held a banquet for guests here. During the banquet, Wang Bo wrote the "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng", which has become a famous piece that has been passed down through the ages. Tengwang Pavilion became famous all over the world because of Wang Bo's "Farewell Preface to Tengwang Pavilion in Denghong Mansion in Autumn" (i.e. "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion"). The preface to the Pavilion has been famous for centuries, and it has also added a lot of literary grace to the ancient city of Nanchang.
After Wang Bo, Wang Xu of the Tang Dynasty wrote "Ode to Prince Teng's Pavilion" and Wang Zhongshu wrote "Records of Prince Teng's Pavilion". History books call it the "Three Kings' Records of Teng Pavilion". Literary writer Han Yu also wrote an article saying that "there are many beautiful sights in the south of the Yangtze River, but Tengwang Pavilion ranks first and is known as magnificent and unique", so it is known as "the first tower in Jiangxi".
Tengwang Pavilion was the place where feudal literati and officials of past dynasties welcomed and entertained guests. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, also held banquets to reward ministers, composed poems and lyrics, and watched the lights.
On the Double Ninth Festival in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 675), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, Yan Boyu, the governor of Hongzhou, and his civil and military officials had a banquet at Tengwang Pavilion to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. At this time, Wang Bo was on his way to visit his father in Jiaozhi Province. He encountered obstacles by boat passing by Madang (today's Pengze County). The water god of the Central Plains used the wind to help him, and he traveled 700 miles a day to Nanchang. It coincided with the completion of the reconstruction of Prince Teng's Pavilion by Governor Yan on the Double Ninth Festival. He was invited to the banquet.
The wine was in full swing, and Governor Yan invited the guests to write poems to commemorate the grand banquet. In fact, Yan Gong wanted his son-in-law, Meng Xueshi, who was slightly famous for poetry, to show off his skills. Meng Xueshi was already well prepared. Waiting to recite it in public, so all the gentlemen present here are humble and humble.
When Wang Bo was at his last seat, Wang Bo was not familiar with this and he hesitated to agree, which made everyone in the audience astonished.
Wang Bo’s habit of writing was to drink a small amount of wine, then cover his head and sleep less, and then write as soon as he got up. This was Wang Bo’s way of “breaking the manuscript”. During this feast, it was difficult to get some sleep, so Wang Bo sat at his desk with a focused expression, holding an ink pad in his hand and slowly sharpening the ink, taking the opportunity to ponder his thoughts.
Captain Yan and the guests saw that Wang Bo was not in a hurry, so they went to the pavilion to enjoy the scenery and ordered the officials to report at any time.
For a long time, the clerk came to report the first sentence: "The old county of Nanchang, the new mansion of Hongdu". Governor Yan heard the clichés, which were really ordinary; "The ground connects to Henglu", Governor Yan remained silent; when the clerk came to report that "the setting clouds and the solitary swans are flying together, the autumn water is the same color as the sky", Governor Yan clapped his hands and praised the genius' pen, and hurriedly ordered all the civil and military personnel to return to Prince Teng's Pavilion Drink to your heart's content and part ways happily.
This feast is also famous in literary history for this story.
Unfortunately, God was jealous of talents. The second year after Wang Bo wrote the preface, he crossed the sea and drowned while visiting his father.
After Wang Bo wrote the "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion", this pavilion became famous throughout the ages. It lasted for more than 1,300 years and was destroyed and rebuilt 28 times in the past dynasties. It was destroyed by a military disaster in 1926, and only a bluestone plaque of "Tengwang Pavilion" remained. After several years of hard work by the citizens of Nanchang, Tengwang Pavilion finally stood on the bank of Ganjiang River again on the Double Ninth Festival in 1989.
The overall layout of the current Tengwang Pavilion has undergone tremendous changes. It has formed a large-scale antique building community with complete supporting facilities in the west of Nanchang City. Entering from the Rongmen intersection in the east, a tall four-column seven-story Song-style painted archway welcomes you with open arms. Go 50 meters inward, pass through a row of antique shops with green tiles and red pillars, and then enter the Tengwang Pavilion Park, which is wide and spacious. The square in front of the pavilion is set off by a towering and vast pavilion, and Tengwang Pavilion is completely displayed in front of your eyes. This is based on the sketch drawn by the ancient architect Liang Sicheng in 1942 and with reference to the Song Dynasty painting "Tengwang Pavilion" collected in the "Tian Lai Pavilion".
The main building of Tengwang Pavilion has 9 floors, with a net height of 57.5 meters and a construction area of ??15,000 square meters. The lower part is a large pedestal about 11 meters high that symbolizes the ancient city wall. The pedestal has a "three bright and seven dark" pattern. Its two wings are symmetrical first-level high platforms. The upper part of the high platform is a verandah, and the southern end of the veranda is the "Yijiang Pavilion". At the north end is the "Yucui" pavilion. The main building has red pillars and green tiles, painted eaves, stacked brackets, and transparent doors and windows. Its facade is like a "mountain" standing against the sky, while its plane is like a big Kunpeng with wings spread out.
Tengwang Pavilion has always been a place for literati to recite poems, compose poems, sing and dance, and hold banquets. Therefore, the furnishings in the newly built Tengwang Pavilion all highlight the characteristics of a cultural pavilion. The gold plaque on the main plaque of "Tengwang Pavilion" is written by Su Shi, and the long stainless steel couplet at the main entrance "The falling clouds and lonely birds fly together, the autumn water and the long sky are the same color" are handwritten by Mao Zedong. The rest of the plaques and couplets either embody the essence of ancient calligraphy or are treasures of today's famous artists. Various large-scale murals and reliefs all reflect the themes of "natural treasures" and "outstanding people". The white marble relief "The Wind Sends to Prince Teng's Pavilion" reproduces the style and grace of Wang Bo, the leader of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty"; ancient chimes, musical instruments, bronze sacrifices, ritual vessels, etc., add to the quaint atmosphere of the new pavilion.
Climbing the pavilion, you can have a panoramic view of the spring breeze and autumn moon. You can see the twists and turns of the antique commercial streets in the distance. The Ganjiang River and the Fujiang River converge in the west. In the distance, the sky is thousands of miles long, the West Mountain is green, and Nanpu is flying clouds. , the long bridge lies over the waves, which is refreshing
The popular "Preface to the Pavilion of Tengwang"
The great reputation of Tengwang Pavilion is largely attributed to a popular prose "Preface to the Pavilion of Tengwang" 》. It is said that at that time, the poet Wang Bo passed by Nanchang to visit his relatives. He happened to catch up with Governor Yan after he rebuilt the Tengwang Pavilion and held a banquet for the guests in the pavilion. Wang Bo wrote this "Farewell Preface to the Tengwang Pavilion of Denghong Mansion in Autumn" (i.e. "Farewell Preface to the Tengwang Pavilion of Denghong Mansion in Autumn") that impressed the guests. "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng"), after Wang Bo wrote the preface, Wang Zhongshu wrote the notes, and Wang Xu wrote the poems. It is known as the "Three Kings Articles" in history. From then on, the preface became famous as the pavilion, and the pavilion became famous as the preface. Over the past 1,300 years, Tengwuge has been built and destroyed 28 times, and was finally burned down by the Beiyang warlord Deng Ruzhuo in 1926.
Elaborately arranged art palace
The renovated Tengwang Pavilion towers high in the west of Nanchang City, on the bank of the Gan River. Stepping into the new pavilion, you feel as if you are in an art palace with the theme of Tengwang Pavilion. In the main hall on the first floor, there is a large white marble relief "The Wind Sends the Pavilion of Prince Teng" written by Wang Bo, which cleverly integrates the moving legend of Prince Teng's Pavilion with historical facts. The main hall on the second floor is a large-scale 23.90*2.55-meter fine brushwork and heavy-color Bingheng mural "Picture of Outstanding People", which depicts 80 leading Jiangxi celebrities from the Qin Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. This and the "Earth Spirit Map" on the fourth floor, which expresses the essence of Jiangxi's mountains and rivers, are a pair of stunning masterpieces. The fifth floor is the best place to ride on the hurdles. Entering the hall, you are greeted by Su Dongpo's handwritten masterpiece "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng". Each floor has a theme, which is also related to the pavilion. The two most famous sentences in "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" are "The setting clouds and solitary swans fly together, the autumn water and the long sky are the same color". This has been used as the giant couplet at the main entrance of the main pavilion. After late autumn, tens of thousands of migratory birds will fly over the Poyang Lake area, which will form a vivid picture of "the setting clouds and solitary owls flying together, the autumn water and the sky are the same color", which will become a major scenic spot in Tengwang Pavilion.
"Farewell Preface to Tengwang Pavilion of Hongfu in Autumn" (Wang Bo)
The old county of Nanchang, the new mansion of Hongdu. The stars are divided into wings, and the ground is connected to Henglu. It embraces the three rivers and leads to the five lakes, controls the wild thorns and leads Ouyue. The treasures are abundant, the dragon's light shines on the ruins of the Niu Dou; the outstanding people and places, Xu Ru sits on Chen Fan's bed. Xiongzhou is surrounded by mist, and the stars are galloping. The Taiwan God rests at the intersection of Yi and Xia, and the guest and host enjoy the beauty of the southeast. The commander-in-chief, Yan Gong, looks forward to his elegant appearance, and his halberd is coming from afar; Yu Wen, the fan of Xinzhou, is temporarily stationed with a curtain. During the ten-day vacation, there are many successful friends; I am welcomed from thousands of miles away, and the house is full of distinguished friends. The soaring dragon and the phoenix are the Ci sect of Scholar Meng; the purple lightning and green frost are the arsenal of General Wang. The master of the family is the butler, and the road is well-known; how can a boy know that he will be rewarded with victory?
The time is September, and the order is Sanqiu. When the water is gone, the cold pond is clear, and the smoke condenses and the mountains are purple at dusk. I'm on the road, looking at the scenery in Chong'a. Visit Changzhou, the emperor's son, and find the immortal's old pavilion. The terraces are towering with greenery, and the sky rises above them; the flying pavilions flow with elixirs, and there is no ground below. Heting and Fuzhu are the lingering memories of poor islands; Guidianlan Palace is the shape of hills and mountains. Wearing an embroidered gate, looking down at the carved beast, the mountains are wide and the mountains are open, and the river is full of surprises. Luyan rushes to the ground, the home of bells and cauldrons; the ships and boats are in the maze, the axis of green birds and yellow dragons. The rainbow sells in the rain, and the color shines brightly in the area. The setting clouds and the solitary owl fly together, and the autumn water and the long sky are the same color.
The fishing boat sings late, and the sound is heard on the Pengli shore; the wild geese are frightened by the cold, and the sound is broken by the Hengyang Pu.
The distant lap is smooth, and the joy is flying. The cool breeze blows and the cool breeze blows, the slender song condenses and the white clouds stop. The green bamboos in Suiyuan are like the bottles of Pengze; the vermilion flowers in Yeshui are like the brushes of Linchuan. Four beauties, two are difficult to combine. I can only watch the sky in the middle of the sky, and I can enjoy traveling in my spare time.
The sky is very different from the high ground, and I feel the infiniteness of the universe; when joy and sorrow come, I realize that there are countless ups and downs. I hope that Chang'an will be safe under the sun, and that Wu will be in the clouds. The terrain is extreme but the southern sky is deep, the sky pillar is high and the northern star is far away. The mountains are difficult to overcome, who feels sad for those who have lost their way? When we meet by chance, we are all guests from a foreign land. When Emperor Huai disappeared, how old was the Xuan Dynasty?
Sigh! Bad luck and bad luck. Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang difficult to seal. Qu Jiayi in Changsha is not without a holy master; when Liang Hong travels to Haiqu, there is no lack of bright time. It depends on the gentleman to be in poverty and the wise man to know his destiny. When you are old and strong, you would rather have a gray-headed heart? Be poor and strong, and never fall into the clouds. Drinking from the greedy spring makes you feel refreshed, and you still feel happy when you are in a dry road. Although Beihai is on credit, it can be picked up if it swings; the east corner is gone, but it is not too late to mulberry trees. Meng Chang is noble and noble, and has no intention of serving the country; Ruan Jiu is arrogant, how can he cry at the end of the road!
Bo, three feet of micro life, a scholar. No way to ask for a tassel, waiting for the weak crown of the final army; if you have a heart, throw a pen, and admire Zongyi's strong wind. He gave up his hairpin and wat for hundreds of years, and carried it to him at dawn and dusk for thousands of miles. It is not the treasure tree of the Xie family, but it is the neighbor of the Meng family. He is approaching the court day by day, wishing to accompany the carp; this morning, holding his armband, he is happy to support the dragon gate. When Yang Yi doesn't meet, he touches Ling Yun and feels sorry for himself; when Zhong Qi meets him, why should he be ashamed to play the flowing water?
Woohoo! The resort is rare and the feast is rare. Orchid Pavilion is gone, Zize Qiu Ruins. The parting words are due to the kindness of Wei Xie; the climb to a high place to compose a poem is the wish of the public. Dare to be sincere, respectful and short-tempered. Every word is composed, and all four rhymes are completed. Please sprinkle the Pan River, and let everyone pour the land, sea and clouds!
The high pavilion of King Teng is adjacent to the river.
The jade-wearing Luan sings and dances.
The painted building is flying towards Nanpu clouds,
The bead curtain is rolling in the west mountain rain at dusk.
The shadows in the leisurely cloud pool are long,
Things change and the stars move several autumns.
Where is the emperor's son in the pavilion now?
The Yangtze River flows freely outside the threshold.
The mountains are towering and green, the green birds and yellow dragons are full of colorful colors.
The poem "The cold pond is clear and the smoke is shining", the water, light and mountains are solemn and dignified, has been praised by the ancients as "a scene that describes the whole month of September".
This is a seven-character ancient poem. The first four sentences describe the prosperity of Prince Teng and Prince Teng's Pavilion. The last four sentences describe that as time goes by, things change, and prosperity never lasts. Only the river flows naturally, which is an eternal witness to human history. "Zhengding Commentary on Tang Poetry Zhengsheng" says: "It is beautiful and deep and quiet, so it is good. It is the best short song of the Tang Dynasty." "Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty": "Just one conclusion can open up many ways to follow." Wang Fuzhi's "Selected Comments on Tang Poems" commented on this poem: "Liu Li is strong and strong, and he has both dilemmas. The four characters of 'Peiyu Mingluan' are heavy and light."