When analyzing the first chapter, Zhu said: "Gaiming is in Jiu Hao, and the voice is in the wild, and sincerity cannot be suppressed." The potential of fish is deep, but it lies in Zhu. It is unreasonable to say that it is not fixed; There is a sandalwood tree in the garden. Under it, if you say love, you should know its evil. He can be the stone of other mountains or he can be wrong. If he hates it, he should know its goodness. From the four aspects, it is extended and very long. What is the principle of the world? "He summarized the four metaphors in the poem into four thoughts: sincerity, reason, love and hate. It is believed that the extension from these four aspects can be regarded as "the principle of the world"-that is, universal truth. His statement looks very dialectical, and all of them analyze the problem from the perspective of development and change, taking into account both sides of a problem; However, he used Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism to describe poetry, which is more clear from his explanation of the second chapter.
In the second chapter of Biography of Poetry, Cheng Zi said: "Jade is warm and moist, and the world is the most beautiful. The roughness of stone is the worst in the world. But two pieces of jade can't be used as tools when worn together, and then jade can be used as a tool to achieve success. A gentleman is still a villain, and then he is afraid to avoid, be patient, be prevented, be righteous, and be true. " Cheng Zi's poems are exactly the same as Zhu Zi's, both of which are extended words. "Stones from other mountains can attack jade" literally means stones from other mountains, which can be used to grind jade, which is often said today. However, it seems hard to say whether it is the original intention of this poem.
Modern Cheng Junying said in the Book of Songs: "In poetry, cranes are compared to hermits." "Poets live in seclusion or be officials, fish in boudoir and Zhu in boudoir." "Garden, garden. Metaphor country. " "Tree sandalwood, tree sandalwood, is better than sage." "Tie, withered branches and fallen leaves, animals are worse than animals." "The stone of other mountains refers to the sages of other countries." "Mao Chuan:' You are evil.' Metaphor is a villain. Starting from the theme of "hidden poetry", she linked all metaphors in her poems with personnel one by one, which was not far-fetched and self-contained.
In fact, as far as poetry is concerned, it may be considered as an impromptu lyric poem. On the vast Yuan Ye, the poet heard the sound of cranes, shaking the fields and soaring into the sky; Then I saw the fish dive into the abyss for a while and jump on the beach for a while. Looking ahead, I saw tall sandalwood trees growing in the garden, and there was a layer of dead branches and leaves under the sandalwood trees. There is another rugged mountain near the garden, so the poet thinks that the stone on this mountain can be used as a tool to grind jade. What is felt from hearing to sight and from the heart runs through the whole poem, and its structure is very complete, thus forming a picture of an ancient poet roaming in the wilderness. This picture is full of color, emotion and scenery, so it is also full of poetry, which inevitably makes people feel nostalgic. Note on Shi Mao: Justice says: If you talk about rules, those who teach you these will say that you have lost the rules, and those who teach you will say that you are unknown. It is a matter of course for princes to be arbitrary, so it is called governance. This sage is not lost, but teaching is righteous, so it is called teaching. The narrator reads the classics, but changes the text.
Yao Jiheng's General Theory of the Book of Songs: The whole article is greater than the meaning, and the composition is absolutely strange.