1. Cao GUI's debate - Cao GUI and Duke Zhuang of Lu rode in a chariot to fight the Qi army in Changshao. Duke Zhuang wanted to beat the drum, but Cao GUI stopped him. After the Qi army beat the drums three times, Cao GUI agreed to beat the drums. The Qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang wanted to pursue the Qi army, but Cao GUI stopped him. He saw the traces of the Qi army's chariots, boarded the chariot and looked at the Qi army's shape, then said "yes" and pursued the Qi army.
2. Zheng Beke and Duan Yuyan - mainly tells the story of a life-and-death fight between Zheng Zhuanggong and his brother *** Uncle Duan in the first year of Lu Yin (722 BC) to seize the throne of the king. struggle. Duke Zhuang of Zheng designed and deliberately indulged his younger brother, Uncle Duan, and his mother, Wu Jiang. His younger brother was arrogant and indulged, so he wanted to seize the throne. Duke Zhuang used this to attack Uncle Duan. Duke Zhuang complained that his mother was partial and moved her to Yingdi. Later, I regretted it, and Uncle Yingkao persuaded me, and mother and son reconciled.
3. Zhu Zhiwu retreated the Qin army - In 630 BC, Qin and Jin jointly attacked Zheng State on the pretext that Zheng State had been rude to Jin Wengong and was close to Chu State, and in their own country (Zheng State) In the face of danger, Zhu Zhiwu went to the enemy country to negotiate. In front of the powerful Qin, he was neither humble nor arrogant, and was eloquent, and finally made Qin withdraw its troops from Zheng.
4. The Battle of Qi and Jin - The Battle of Qi and Jin took place in 589 BC. At that time, Jin's ruling minister Ke Ke took advantage of Lu and Wei's request for help and sent troops to attack Qi in order to avenge Qi's humiliation. The main battlefield was _, so it was called the "Battle of __" in history. This war ended with the victory of Jin, but it greatly consumed the strength of both warring parties
5. Zichan did not destroy the rural schools - Zichan used the rural schools as a place to obtain feedback information from the masses when discussing political affairs. , and pay attention to adjusting their policies and behaviors based on opinions from the public. After Zichan came to power, he paid attention to listening to the opinions of the people, and also cast the punishment letter on the tripod and announced it to the world. He worked hard to smoothen the relationship between the rulers and the ruled, which won the love of the people, thus making the Zheng State strong and prosperous. Extended information
"The Spring and Autumn Annals" (The Spring and Autumn Annals), formerly known as "Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals", was also called "Chun Qiu Zuo's" and "Chun Qiu Nei Zhuan" during the Han Dynasty. It was only called "The Spring and Autumn Annals" after the Han Dynasty. "Zuo Zhuan".
It is said that "Zuo Zhuan" is a history book written by Zuo Qiuming of Lu State in the late Spring and Autumn Period. ". It is also China's first chronological history book with a detailed narrative, with thirty-five volumes. It is one of the Confucian classics and the longest among the Thirteen Classics. It is listed as a classic in the Sikuquanshu. The description ranges from 722 BC (the first year of Lu Yin) to 468 BC (the 27th year of Lu Aigong).
"Zuo Zhuan" is based on "Spring and Autumn", and uses materials from other countries such as "Zhou Zhi", "Jin Cheng", "Zheng Shu", "Chu Chu", etc., by recording the specific historical facts of the Spring and Autumn Period. Explain the outline of "Spring and Autumn". Sima Qian's "Historical Records: Chronology of the Twelve Princes" said: "Zuo Qiu Ming, a gentleman of Lu, was afraid that all of his disciples would be heresy, and each would follow his own ideas and lose his truth. Therefore, because Confucius' historical records specifically discussed his words, he became the Zuo family in the Spring and Autumn Period."
Huan Tan's "New Theory" further believes: "The sutras and transmissions of "Zuo Shi" are like the outside and the inside of clothes, and they are inseparable. The sutras are not transmitted, which makes the sage shut up and meditate for ten years without understanding. "Yang Bojun concluded in his article "Zuo Zhuan" that there are four ways in which "Zuo Zhuan" transmits the "Chun Qiu": namely, "explaining the calligraphy of the "Chun Qiu", supplementing the "Chun Qiu" with facts, and correcting the errors and additions of the "Chun Qiu" "There is no biography of the classics"
There is another view that "Zuo Zhuan" is an independent history book and has no direct connection with "Spring and Autumn". Doctor Jin Wenjing of the Western Han Dynasty "called Zuo Zhuan". "Shi" is not passed on to "Spring and Autumn"". Wang Jie, a native of Jin Dynasty, said: "Jie often said that "Zuo Shi" is rich in rhetoric and meaning. It is a family book, and it is not the main source of scriptures. "Gongyang" is attached to the scriptures and contains biographies. The scriptures are not written down, and the biography should not be published in vain. "Writing is frugal, and understanding the classics is good."
Chen Shang said: "Confucius wrote the classics, praised good and evil, and had clear categories and examples, which is also the Legalist style; Zuo Qiu Ming was the history of Lu, and recorded current affairs? It is based on the Japanese system. Yue? is not originally a sacred word of support, but is based on the purpose of the scriptures. It is the same as the Taishi family. The reason why Fuzi is a classic should be ranked with the "Poetry", "Book", "Book of Changes", etc.; the reason why Qiu Ming is a history should be with Sima Qian. , Ban Gu, etc. "
Liu Fenglu and Pi Xirui of the Qing Dynasty both believed that "Zuo Zhuan" was an independent history book. Pi Xirui fully affirmed Wang Jiezhi's theory in "General Theory of Confucian Classics: Spring and Autumn Period". , and quoted Zhuang Gong's "Biography" in the 26th year of his reign: "In autumn, the Guo people invaded Jin. In winter, the Guo people invaded Jin again.
"Du Yu's "Ji Jie" says: "In this year, the "Jing" and "Zhuan" each talked about their own affairs. Either the "Jing" was a straight text, or the policy book existed but the slips were scattered, and the original was not studied. Therefore, "Zhuan" 》No more explanations, just words and deeds. ".
"Zuo Zhuan" contains a lot of exegesis content, such as "Junzi said", "Fifty Fans", etc., but it is obvious that there are traces of processing, and most of them are not integrated with the text. In one body. Lin Li, a native of the Song Dynasty, said: "The words of a gentleman in "Zuo Zhuan" are Liu Xin's words. "
Some scriptures in "Spring and Autumn" do not have corresponding "Zuo Zhuan" biographies. For example, "Spring and Autumn in the second year of Yin Gong": "On Yimao in the second month of the twelfth month, Mrs. Zishi passed away." "Du Prenote: "No biography. "The biography of "Zuo Zhuan" does not have corresponding "Spring and Autumn" scriptures. For example, "Zuo Zhuan·Xiangong Fifteenth Year": "(Winter) Zheng Gong's grandson Xia Rujin went to the funeral, and Zi_ was buried. "There is no corresponding "Chunqiu" scripture for this article. There are also "Jing" and "Zhuan" are different" and "Zhuan" comes after "Jing".
Reference: Chunqiu Zuo Shizhuan-Baidu Encyclopedia