What is the job? Why did Wu Canjingzi write this book? Interested readers can take a look with the editor.
Many people know the story of "Fan Jin Zhongju", but it is just a story written in a novel. This novel contains many satirical stories, of which Fan Jinzhongju is probably the most famous. However, do you know who the author of this novel is? In fact, the author of this novel is Wu, and his life is even worse. Today I would like to introduce this author. What is his life experience?
Wu is one of the greatest novelists in the Qing Dynasty. His name is Wenmu, also known as Wenmu. Han nationality, from Quanjiao County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province. Because his family lived in "Wenmu Mountain", he called himself "Old Man Wenmu" in his later years. And because he moved from his hometown in Quanjiao County, Chuzhou, Anhui to the Qinhuai River in Nanjing, Jiangsu, it was also called "Qinhuai Guest House".
That is, young, smart, and good at memorizing. Lue, make up for the official disciples. "Preface to Orchid Pavilion" by You Jing, Fu Licheng. He was in poor health and had a heroic nature. Within a few years, his family fortune was squandered, and sometimes he could not even eat. In the thirteenth year of Yongzheng's reign, the governor Zhao refused to leave on the grounds of "eruditeness". He moved to Jinling and became a leader in the literary world. Comrade Ji also built the Pantheon at the foot of Yuhua Mountain, where 230 people were enshrined. Due to lack of funds, the Home Ownership Scheme cannot be realized because the family is impoverished. In his later years, he was named Wenmu Old Man. He traveled to Yangzhou and was especially fond of drinking. He died among the guests. There are twelve volumes of "Selected Works", seven volumes of "Wenmu Shanfang's Poems and Essays", and a satirical novel called "Wenmu Shanfang's Poems".
1. Young Talents
Wu’s family has been a local clan for generations, and “the voice of the family is always beautiful.” In the 40th year of Kangxi's reign, Wu was born into a bureaucratic family with "many officials and big officials".
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Yuanzu was named Xiao Qiwei and was given the title of Liuhe in Jiangsu. Gao, whose real name is, is an upright person who would rather be broken than broken. Guan Ji, the governor of Ning State, was summoned by the letter and thanked him.
Wu Pei is knowledgeable and versatile, and can write good poetry and calligraphy. Recently, his posthumous work "The Scholars" was discovered. It was compiled into one volume by his sons, Wu, Wu, Wu Guodui, and Wu. In addition, there are six volumes including "Collection of Xishu Thatched Cottage", "Explanation of the Book of Songs", and "A Brief Introduction to Historical Reading".
Wu lost his mother at the age of thirteen, and fled to Ganyu with his father at the age of fourteen. Sometimes he has a literary name, which he "doesn't read until he's finished, but he can memorize it." He has a serious and hard-working attitude towards learning and a smart mind. He quickly developed a good foundation of knowledge. The so-called "study hard and you will have basic knowledge" and "read only after reading, but be able to memorize it" show good endowment and talent.
But he did not study hard. From time to time he would visit the local mountains and seas with his father and attend some local celebrity gatherings. In addition, he was born in a family of officials and had some habits of "valuing family over luxury", which led to him developing a bohemian, open-minded and vulgar mentality, which made him feel that he was a talent.
During such an important period, the following major events happened to Wu: He saw that his father Wu was an honest and upright official, and he made many contributions to Ganyu County in the humble position of education.
When he first took office, he saw the church house withering and collapsing, so he donated his 40 taels of salary a year, and then sold 3,000 acres of farmland in his ancestral home. He also sold his ancestors' pawnshops, cloth shops, and silver buildings in Wuhe, Tianchang, Hanshan, Hezhou and other places, and raised nearly 20,000 yuan to build the Confucian Temple and Zunjing Pavilion. These buildings were all destroyed in the 1668 earthquake. And a new "Jingyi Pavilion" was built.
He witnessed his father's contribution and was very proud of him. But at the same time, he witnessed the unfair treatment of his father who was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown because he was not good at but.
At the same time, under the care of his father, he completed his marriage at the age of 16 and married Tao for the first time. A marriage made his relationship with Quan Jiaojin's family even closer. At the age of 18, he returned to his hometown to help arrange the funeral of his father-in-law. When he was 20 years old, he went to Chuzhou to treat his brother-in-law Jin Shao, but Jin Shao died of illness. Wu, who lost his mother too young, faced the harsh world at a very young age. Although he was a little cold, it tempered him and made his mind mature early.
It was precisely because of these ten years of experience that he finally broke with officialdom. Early marriage did not completely break away from the traditional feudal model of parents' arranged marriage. Like the second marriage to Ye, it brought Wu a brand new independent marriage. Wu lived in Ganyu during his boyhood and youth, which is one of the periods when a person's language is most malleable.
2. The Prodigal Son Returns
In the 61st year of Kangxi, Wu resigned due to illness. Wu accompanied his father back to his hometown from Ganyu, but Wu eventually fell ill. Wu became a scholar when he was 23 years old. It was in this year that his father Wu Lin died. Since then, Wu's life has undergone fundamental changes.
First of all, relying on the large number of people, the clan members put forward the requirement to separate the family, that is, "brothers participate in management and clan criticism." Isolated and defeated in a civil war over his inheritance, leaving him with little wealth.
After the separation, Wu's sick wife Tao died because she could not stand the bullying of her people. His views on life and society also changed.
Wu’s father, Wu, left a huge inheritance of more than 20,000 taels of silver. However, Amethyst regarded him as a prodigal because he drank too much and was poor all day long, while he was open-minded by nature and anxious for his friends. There were "incidents of property seizure", "brothers joining gangs and clans abusing their power", and they were regarded as prodigal sons and "descendants passed down from the village".
In the eleventh year of Yongzheng's reign, he moved to Nanjing with his second wife Ye Shi and moved to Qinhuaishui Pavilion in Jinling. He lives on the west side of Baiban Bridge on the Qinhuai River, and his family is already very poor. Since then, Wu has been settling down. "The owl bird travels eastward, and Hunjie sings more"! When 33-year-old Wu moved to Nanjing, he was already a "prodigal son" in the eyes of Nanjing people.
At the point where "it rained for three days and there was no money in the kitchen", he still refused to take Fu's Ci test, but he still made friends. "A man of arts and wine from all over the world was promoted to the leader of the alliance."
When "the elders complain and murmur to themselves" interfere with their freedom, he "puts his hands together to thank the elders, his eyebrows are like halberds, and his voice is like a tiger's". His "silliness", "silliness" and "implicitness" will remain unchanged throughout his life, how similar to Xiaoyan!
Third, poverty and poverty
In the first year of Qianlong's reign, Zhao, the governor of Anhui, and Tang Shilin, a tour guide in Jiangning, learned that he should take part in the Erdu Poetry Examination. He refused because his thirst increased, but his cousin Wu Ming and friend Cheng were lost. In his later years, when he encountered difficulties, he had to rely on selling articles and friends to help him tide over the difficulties. "I have no money in my pocket and my stomach is pounding", so it is easy to read but hard to eat.
Every winter, when the temperature is bitter and cold, my friends and I go to the city at night, singing and whistling. This is called "warming our feet." My close friend Cheng Jinfang described in "Ode to Moving Home": "After leaving the south gate of the city, we walked around the city for dozens of miles, singing whistles, getting along with each other, catching the light, entering the west gate of the water, and everyone left with a smile. This happened every night. To warm my feet." "In terms of making friends, I have never been poorer than Min Xuan. After visiting Huaiyu, I found that there are no pens and inkstones.
We rely on this generation to make a living. Can we leave temporarily? Xuan Xiao said: I have my own writing in my heart, so I won't be bothered. Its charm is enough to hide it for a while. If there is a different meaning in Min Xuan, it cannot be popular.
In Wu, an official and gentry who had taken refuge in his hometown after being dismissed, there is a poem "Teacher Wenmu's Biography" that says: "Ask when his wife and children will repay the rice." They
After he came back, he died instantly due to fever, phlegm, and shortness of breath. Today is January 11. At that time, only his youngest son Wu Shu was at his bedside. Wang helped arrange the funeral. At that time, Wu was very poor and "had enough money to buy clothes." Lu Jian bought him a coffin and his body was buried in Liang Qingshan, Jinling.
Wu wrote a lot of poems and poems throughout his life. His works of prose and historical research include twelve, four and seven volumes. However, it was his satirical novel "Wenmu Shanfang Poetry Collection" that established his outstanding position in the history of Chinese literature. It took 20 years to complete until the age of 49.