First, it is a metaphor for people. As soon as "Ailian Shuo" got down to business, the author's inner feelings poured out directly. The word "alone" in "Love the Lotus" is different from the following "Who loves the lotus alone?" This is the expression of the author's noble feelings. The purpose of the author's description of lotus flowers is not only to chant things, but to express his ambition and virtue by metaphor. Metaphorically, a gentleman who takes the right path can lead an honest and clean life without flattering the world. It is a metaphor for a gentleman to behave correctly and not lead by the nose for an affair. Metaphor gentleman's virtue is passed down from generation to generation, extraordinary and refined. It can be seen that the author uses the beauty of lotus to describe the noble character of a gentleman in his mind. After reading these words, people will naturally think of people on earth.
Second, contrast and contrast. The author deliberately writes about lotus in the article, but he does not describe it in static isolation, but shows its noble and arrogant character through comparison and contrast. For example, at the beginning of the article, Tao Qian loves chrysanthemums, and the world loves peonies as a foil, highlighting "love lotus alone" to show the author's admiration for lotus.