The Long Couplet of Daguanlou in Kunming was written by Sun Ranweng, a famous scholar in Kunming during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Couplets are as follows:
Five hundred miles of Dianchi Lake ran to the fundus, with shawls and shoulders, and the mountains were boundless. Look: Shen Jun in the east, Lingqi in the west, winding in the north and Wusu in the south. Why not choose to win and board? Ride the crab island Luozhou, combing the package in the wind and fog; It is even more beautiful, dotted with some green feathers and Danxia. Not lonely: fragrant rice and clear sand all around, hibiscus in September and willow in March.
Thousands of years ago, the wine is empty, sighing who is the hero? Thinking: Han Xi Louchuan, Tang Biao Iron Column, Song Huiyu Axe, Yuan Yue Leather Bag. Wei Liefeng tried his best to move mountains. Draw a bead curtain building, which can't be rolled up like dusk rain; Then I broke the wreckage and gave it all to the pale smoke. Only win: a few minutes, half a river fishing, two rows of autumn geese, a pillow clearing frost.
Daguanlou couplets (originally written in traditional Chinese characters, without punctuation) are as many as 180 words, and the antithesis is neat, magnificent and popular. The first part is about Dianchi Lake and its surrounding scenery, praising the great rivers and mountains of Kunming and the hard work of farmers. Only the fruits of working people (surrounded by fragrant rice) will last forever. The second part is associated with the history of Yunnan, and regards the feudal dynasty as a fleeting illusion (in fact, it implies the Qing Dynasty). Once it rises and falls, even the curtains can't be pulled (the volume is not as good as the dusk rain), and finally only some broken monuments lie between the pale smoke and the sunset (all paid for by the pale smoke). The long couplet of Daguanlou has profound connotation and is breathtaking. Known as "the first couplet in the world", "the first couplet in ancient and modern times" and "the first couplet in the world", it has been circulating for a long time. The Daguan Pagoda hangs in front of the Daguan Pagoda on the shore of "Five Hundred Miles Dianchi Lake", which has a history of more than 200 years. Many celebrities and tourists admire and admire it at all times and in all countries. The long couplet of Daguanlou and the pavilion complement each other and blend into one, with profound cultural heritage and high tourism value. Climbing the high-rise building and leaning against the railing, the scenery depicted by the Grand View Building comes into view one by one, and the feelings expressed are lingering and refreshing. Changlian made Daguan Tower famous all over the world. Daguan Tower is famous for its Changlian in Jiuzhou, and it is listed as one of the four famous buildings in China along with Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower and Wangtengting. 1983 was announced as a key cultural relics protection unit in Yunnan province.
Sun Ranweng's couplets were written about 1765. At that time, the officialdom was corrupt and the people were poor. The poet felt it at once. He touched the scene while writing the scenery, attacked the rule of the feudal dynasty, and revealed the law of the inevitable decline of the feudal dynasty, which was also the foreshadowing of the demise of the Qing Dynasty. He regards the orthodox dynasty as a fleeting illusion and the "great achievements" of emperors as "broken monuments" in Sunset. At that time, this was an obvious rebellious thought, which was suspected of "crime" and was bound to be tolerated by those in power and their accomplices. Because of the popularity and popularity of Touweng's couplets, they dare not publicly revoke the couplets, so some people wrote two pairs of long couplets of Daguanlou by tampering with words, imitating the format of Sun Ranweng, in an attempt to replace the original ones by changing their ideological connotations and use them for feudal rulers. But always self-defeating, leading to a lot of jokes, handed down with the long face, but expanded the influence of the bearded Weng's long face.
After his death, Cheng (Yuechuan), a feudal scholar, openly jumped out and changed this pair of long couplets to:
Five hundred miles of Dianchi Lake came to the fundus, with a shawl and shoulders, and boundless joy. Look: There are golden horses in the east, chickens in the west, Blue rainbow in the north and white cranes in the south. High-skilled rhyming will definitely be a tribute to the festival. The trees outside the column are full of river sounds, full of poetry and painting; When you don't fly like a fish, it's more cloudy and rainy. Live up to: fragrant rice and clear sand around, hibiscus in September and willow in March.
Thousands of years of past events come to mind, and the wine is in the wind, sighing who is the hero? Thinking: Han Xi Louchuan, Tang Biao Iron Column, Song Huiyu Axe, Yuan Yue Leather Bag. Great cause wants to be with heaven and earth. So far, I have gone out of the official pavilion and learned that it has turned into a long forest of bitter grass; And broken slate, all paid to the pale twilight. People who swim in Pupu can only find a few badminton and clocks, fishing fire in half a river, a line of autumn geese and reed flowers on both sides. (The process is marked with a dotted line).
Cheng rewrote Chang Lian and said, "Wei Liefeng moved mountains to the end." Instead, it was changed to "Wei Lie made great contributions to the world" and added a few more words in an ingenious way in an attempt to please the feudal rulers and show off his literary talent. But he changed to neither fish nor fowl, and its content and artistry were far less than Sun Ranweng's original couplet. Naturally, it is not recognized by the general public. Although it was fresh for a while, it soon disappeared.
The most outstanding thing is that Ruan Yuan (Ruan Yuntai), who came to Kunming as the governor of Yungui in the early years of Qing Daoguang, admired the Daguan Building for sightseeing. The more he looks at Chang Lian, the angrier he gets. He thinks: "Sun Bin's initial alliance was dominated by orthodox Yuan Han, Tang, Song and Yuan, and his contribution to the industry always failed. Why not talk about our dynasty? " Therefore, the change from "great achievements" to "Longmeng Emirate" and handing it over to Wu Sangui and others will also correct the mistakes. "So he used his power to forcibly change the couplets, and as a result of his" strengthening the body and eliminating the inverse ",he made a pair of couplets to hang in front of the Daguanlou. He changed it to:
Five hundred miles of Dianchi Lake came to my eyes, leaning against the column to recall, happy with endless waves. Look: Golden Horse in the east, Biji in the west, Panlong in the north and Baoxiang in the south. Noble people cherish throwing away running time. Take the crab island Luozhou, lining the blue cliff wall; The sky is even more benzene, and the misty sunset glow is recovered early. Don't be lonely: it is surrounded by fragrant rice, ten thousand hectares of gull sand, September hibiscus and March willow.
Thousands of years ago, the wine is empty, sighing who is the hero? Thinking: Han Xi Louchuan, Tang Biao Iron Column, Song Huiyu Axe, Yuan Yue Leather Bag. Lord Meng tried his best to move mountains. Draw a bead curtain building, which can't be rolled up like dusk rain; Both moss and moss slices were given cigarettes. Only win: a few minutes, half a river fishing, two rows of geese, a vicissitudes of life. (Ruan Yuan Gai's words are marked with dotted lines).
In contrast, we see that Ruan Yuan changed his original beautiful and poetic sentences into some dead ones, which naturally aroused strong dissatisfaction. At that time, a celebrity publicly accused him: "Ruan Yuan's reform is not as far as the original, and Taiwan Province has too many things to do." So a jingle mocking Ruan Yuan quickly spread among the people: "The soft cigarette bag (Ruan Yuntai) doesn't work, and the radish, leek and onion are fickle and the old tree laughs at Sun Ranweng." After Ruan Yuan was dismissed from his post amid protests, his long couplet was quietly taken back, and it is still a masterpiece handed down from ancient times by Sun Ranweng, a poet in cloth. The long couplet of Daguanlou, which is now hanging in front of Daguanlou, was written in regular script by Cen, Governor of Yunnan Province in the 14th year of Guangxu reign (AD 1888). It is made after printing and carving, its calligraphy is dazzling, and there are gold characters on the blue background. His calligraphy is dignified and steady, and the word "Pearl Garden" is fluent, which has been hung for more than a hundred years. 199 In the spring of 1999, in order to welcome the China '99 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition, the Kunming Municipal People's Government invested heavily in the large-scale maintenance and renovation of Daguanlou. The ancient Grand View Building has taken on a brand-new look. The famous long couplets are made of copper, and they are still gold lettering on a blue background, which can be hung for hundreds of years without deformation. The long couplets were changed from the previous woodcut to the 200 kg cast copper couplets. As a result, the "best couplet in the world" has another "best"-the heaviest copper couplet in China. The original wooden couplets were treasured as cultural relics in the park. At the same time, there is also a full-length sitting statue of Sun Ranweng on the left side of Daguanlou, which is made of granite and reproduces the pride and talent of the author's life. The scenery shines because of culture, and the rich cultural connotation makes the Daguanlou charm last forever. History is independent of the will of the ruling class. As expected, the Wuchang Uprising broke out in19110, and the revolutionary wave swept across the country. 19 12 In February, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China, thus ending more than 2,000 years of feudal autocracy and realizing a long-term alliance.
In the 1960s, Deputy General Manager Chen Yi wrote a poem after reading the couplets of Daguanlou, praising: "In the eyes of Dianchi Lake, 500 miles is connected with human beings for 5,000 years. The decadent system finally collapsed and the new class was like a rock. It is not unfortunate that the poet died of poverty. So far, Changlian is a prophecy. " It can be seen that the leaders of New China spoke highly of this couplet, which is also correct.
Long comments:
The first part: The 500-mile-long Dianchi Lake rushes before my eyes, lifting the skirt and pushing away the crown. How delightful the boundless blue waves are! Look: Jinma Mountain in the east is like a galloping horse, Bijia Mountain in the west is like a phoenix flying, Snake Mountain in the north is like a snake and Heshan Mountain in the south is like a crane. Poet! Why not choose this beautiful day to climb tall buildings and see crab-like islands and snail-like sandbars? The green trees in the mist are weeping willows, swaying like a girl combing her hair; There are also water plants all over the sky, reeds everywhere, green birds and some splendid Xia Hong dotted among them. Enjoy it! Don't live up to the delicious golden rice around Dianchi Lake, the vast beach in bright sunshine, the graceful lotus flowers in summer and the willows in spring.
The second part: the thousand-year-old events come to mind and raise a glass to look at the sky. Those heroes in the long history, who else are there now? Imagine: In order to get through the southwest to India, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dug Kunming Lake in Chang 'an to practice the water army; Tang Zhongzong sent troops to recover the Erhai Lake area and set up an iron column to record his merits; Song Taizu waved to her husband and faced the territory, drawing the southwest out of bounds; Yuan Shizu led the army across the Jinsha River and unified Yunnan. These great achievements really cost a lot of effort to move mountains and rivers! However, the change of dynasties is as fast as the rain in the evening and the clouds in the morning, and even the curtains will soon disappear before they are rolled up; Even the broken monument of Jigong has fallen into the twilight of the sunset. Finally, there were only a few scattered bells, a yellow fishing fire in the middle of the river, two rows of lonely autumn geese and a cold frost.