The host of the Ornamental Stone Museum talks about stone.
Talking from Pinshizhai
Director Guan Ying of the editorial department of China Ornamental Stone came to consult the manuscript. He saw a plaque in the room saying "Pinshizhai", so he said, "Pinshizhai says stone", and I agreed. But when I really want to write, I feel I don't know where to start.
Small stones such as sand and floating dust are difficult to identify with the naked eye; It's as big as a mountain, like the ground, with no edge in sight. Stone comes from the ground, the ground is thousands of miles thick, and there are countless strange stones. I don't know where to start, this is also a true feeling. But as far as ornamental stones are concerned, I'm afraid we can only start with people and me, so let me talk about why we should fast on the matter of "tasting stones" first.
1994, in order to commemorate the publication of the hundredth issue of Shanghai Calligraphy magazine, I wrote the article "Notes on Pinshi Zhai Shu", which began with the following words: "There are three sides in the room, and the famous stone Zhai Ming". In fact, my inkstone is square, round and irregular, and the origin of Pinshizhai is not that simple. My late father named himself "Pinshi Mountain House". When I grew up, I always wanted to know why he named it. It's a pity that I was taking part in the battle of Peiping and Tianjin when he was seriously ill. When he died in Zhejiang, I was busy taking over Beiping and taking part in the preparatory work for founding ceremony, and I never saw the last side, which became a lifelong regret. To commemorate, the self-titled bookstore plaque is Pinshizhai.
The stone comes from the ground, the mantle is under the earth's crust, with an average thickness of about 2900 kilometers. Below it is the core composed of hot lava, with a radius of about 3480 kilometers. The earth's crust gives rocks the most important attribute, that is, it bears the high temperature baking of the core lava, and transforms it into warmth through its own conduction. Under the irradiation of sunlight, hundreds of millions of creatures on the earth's surface are bred, making them suitable for reproduction and continuous evolution, which makes today's spectacular. Stone is an emissary from Mother Earth, and its nature should be connected with human beings who belong to the son of the earth. The so-called stone can be psychic, which may be what it means.
So what is spirit? Its etymology is witch, female. Song of the Southeast Emperor Taiyi: "The spirit is full of clothes and beauty, and the fragrance is full of people." Yan Yan is the image of a bent dancer, which means that the witch is full of fragrance. So the spirit was later extended to be synonymous with beauty, wisdom, wit, intelligence, vividness and even magic. Since man and stone are sons of the earth, and man is the heart of heaven and earth and the soul of all things, stone will naturally be regarded as a treasure and a brother of love. But the stone has a character of eternal silence, which requires people to interpret it. This is the product.
Since I inherited my father's name, I will never know whether this interpretation is to his liking. But I believe that if there is knowledge underground, he will definitely agree.
Guo Moruo's Comments on Stone Ci
1on August 7, 942, Guo Moruo wrote the word "water" with a small preface:
The word yue:
There is no roof hole, and the monument was originally built by Sheng 'an. The ancient fragrance has escaped, and the lofty sentiments are waiting for smelting. What will be fine? Traveling all over the world, Han said, snow mud claws. Like a brain, follow the sword of the book, and it will be small then. As clear as the wind and as bright as the moon, nod and smile when you know it. Light spirit can be turned, firmness is easy, and goodness is worthy of being humble. Acupoints fill the sky and fill the sea, which is wonderful. Seeing the completion of Mount Tai, he picked it up and made it a living material.
Mr. Shen Hengshan loves stones very much. Whenever he travels, he will pick up one or two small stones as a souvenir. He named himself Zhai Yue, who lives with stones.
Shen Hengshan is Shen Junru. Dong said that he is the banner of China's "leftist" Democrats and a close friend of China's * * * production party. He has been engaged in revolutionary work since the Great Revolution. He was persecuted by the Kuomintang reactionaries for opposing the civil war and advocating anti-Japanese. He was the first "Seven Gentlemen" imprisoned in Suzhou. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as Chairman of NLD, Vice Chairman of National People's Congress, Vice Chairman of China People's Political Consultative Conference and President of the Supreme Court. You can know how much he likes stones from his fasting number "Living with Stones".
Guo Moruo's ci mainly talks about Shen's character: take the road of Wan Li, study thousands of books, and work for the revolution all his life. In the case of "the ancient fragrance has escaped", what will he do with lofty sentiments? Put your "soul-like" on a stone, and there are often stones with you outside the "book sword", even if it is only as small as a fist. This raises a question: Why does he like stones so much? Xiatan mainly talks about stones to answer the questions raised by Shangtan. The stone head is as noble as the breeze and bright moon, light but firm; You can use stones as a guide to the disease, pad the loom to support the legs of the bed, and make up the sky and the sea to make it flush with the ground ... in short, "everything is beautiful." This quality of stone is enough to make the viewer "smile" and even "bow down". Finally, Guo played a joke on Shen: You see Mount Tai in Dongyue is like a millstone knife, so it's better to take it home as a preparation for you to "live with the stone".
Guo Moruo, a great scholar, is proficient in archaeology, history and literature. There are many mistakes in his dictionary, and there are related stories behind almost every sentence. In order to save space, only a few relatively uncommon notes are selected: Yubei, the Zen tablet, is named after it is located on Zen Mountain, the main peak of Hengshan Mountain in Hunan Province. There are 77 words on the tablet, which are similar to the wonderful biography, not tadpoles. In the Ming Dynasty, the Yang God was carved in Sheng 'an Temple, saying that it was carved by Yu Xia when he was in charge of water control. Guo pointed out that it was created by the ancestral association. This monument was carved in Kunming, Chengdu, Changsha, Shaoxing, Qixia Mountain in Nanjing and Xi 'an Forest of Monuments. Guo said that "the monument was originally built in the temple" as the basis of the next sentence "the ancient fragrance has escaped" The story of Mifei worshipping the stone is used in "good worship". Mi Fei was a famous painter and calligrapher in Northern Song Dynasty, who lived between1051~1107. His calligraphy, together with Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Cai Xiang, is called "Song Sijia", and there is an evaluation that he is calm and happy. Painting does not require meticulous workmanship, but uses pen and ink to stain it. The significance of their claim seems to be enough. Mi Pai's original creation is known as "Mi Jiashan" and "Mi's Yunshan". Because of his madness, he is called "Mi Dian", but he only pays attention to the spirituality of stones, so there is a legend of worshipping stones. The myths and legends such as Nu Wa's refining stones to make up the sky and Jingwei's reclamation are widely known, so I won't say much.
Although Guo Moruo's poems were written for Shen Hengshan, they praised Shen Lao's love and lofty spirit for stones, but they also showed Guo Moruo's own reverence for stones: compared with the hanging Kong Ding, the cool breeze and bright moon can fill the sea, cure diseases and have various magical uses; Therefore, Chua can be lofty and ambitious, and associate with Shu Jian and Ying Jie. These contents, especially regarding Mount Tai as a complete poem, have quite the spirit of Mencius carrying Mount Tai across the North Sea, and are the full expression of Guo Moruo's broad-minded and uninhibited romantic style, which is worth pondering by those skilled in this field.
Poem "Several Episodes and Shi 'an"
"Several episodes" is a collection of poems by Mr. Shen Hengshan, including a poem "Living with Stones", which says:
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Editor Shen Shuyang said that this poem was written in 1939. At this time, the whole country was in flames, the Japanese invaders invaded on a large scale, and the whole people rose up against Japan. This poem entitled "Living with Stones" is the name of Shen Lao's "Living Room".
In our traditional culture, people's names have always been emphasized. As soon as people land, they have a birth name, also called nickname or birth name; If you are longer, you have a big name, and you have a scientific name when you go to school; As adults, men and women have their own words, such as Han Yu's name. If a word belongs, its meaning is often related to its name, which is the antonym of Yu. Tang Luyu, the author of the Book of Tea, is known as Hung-chien. His first and last names are derived from the sentence "Hung-chien is on the top, and feathers can be used as tools" in the Book of Changes. After the founding of New China, nicknames and big names still exist, but there are few Chinese characters, even fewer numbers. However, in order to pin their interests or feelings, many literati still use the traditional number of house life as a figure. Living with the Stone mentioned above is an example, and so is my Pinshizhai. In fact, this is a name other than a name, commonly known as a nickname. The difference between literati and Liangshan heroes' nicknames, such as "Black Cyclone", "Thunderstorm" and "Nine Dragons", is that the latter is full of grassy Jianghu flavor, while the former is full of bookish atmosphere and a little more elegant. In addition, the nicknames of literati are often associated with some buildings, such as houses, halls, pavilions, houses, security, mountains, buildings and residences. , just to distinguish them from their official names and characters. If we associate the nicknames of the great painter Qi Baishi, we can almost express his life experience.
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The above poem, titled posthumous title of Shen Hengshan, is clearly intended to show his interest in and reasons for loving stones all his life. The central idea is focused on the second sentence: "Take its strengths", so there is the following article: "We can break as far as Xiao Mo, and we just need to block Tianyuan". Guo Moruo's poem Shui Long Yin is the best interpretation, but the last two sentences are not involved. "Deep and clear disagreement" is the author's expression of his lofty sentiments: he should stick to the revolutionary truth as firmly as a stone, no matter what others think of him. At the same time, he is deeply ashamed that he did not make an earth-shattering career like the "stones" he saw; "Less" refers to a person's contribution to the revolution. In fact, the author is too modest. Zhou Enlai's evaluation of Shen Hengshan is: "the banner of the democratic' leftist'"; Dong commented: "He participated in the Revolution of 1911 and the struggle against the northern warlords in his early years ... and struggled for the new-democratic revolution and the socialist revolution all his life." Judging from this poem and his life's practice, the stone in his eyes is a psychic with noble character, great ambition and iron will. He claimed to be "living with stones" and felt a sense of shame, which may be explained by the story of "Mi Dian" worshiping stones. But in promoting history, the two cannot be mentioned in the same breath.
Gao Hanchuan
Formerly known as Chen, a contemporary poet, a consultant of the Chinese Poetry Society and a member of the Chinese Film Association.
1926 was born in Tiantai, Zhejiang province, and 1946 studied in the Economics Department of Peking University. During this period, he joined the underground party organization in Beiping and later entered the liberated area in central Hebei. In Beijing, he served as the secretary of the Policy Research Office of the Beijing Municipal Committee and participated in the takeover of Peiping. After the founding of New China, he was transferred to Beijing Film Studio as deputy director, and 1986 retired.
He is the author of Poems of Gao Han, Poems of Banbuqiao and Three Stories.
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