Su Causeway starts from Nanping Mountain in the south and ends at Qixia Mountain in the north, with a total length of nearly three kilometers. It was built by dredging silt in the West Lake when Su Dongpo, a great writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty, was appointed as the magistrate of Hangzhou. Later generations named Su Di to commemorate his achievements in managing the West Lake. The waves lying on the long embankment connect the north and south mountains, adding a charming scenery to the West Lake. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Xiao Chun, Su Causeway was listed as the first of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, and in the Yuan Dynasty, it was also called "Liuqiao Willow" and was listed as the ten scenic spots in Qiantang, which shows that it has been deeply loved by people since ancient times.
After the winter has passed, Su Causeway is like the messenger of late spring, with willows on the shore, bright peaches burning, and lake waves like mirrors, reflecting beautiful images and infinite tenderness. The most touching thing is that at dawn, the western hills are sinking, the breeze is blowing slowly, and the willows are floating on the embankment, which is fascinating.
Su Causeway's long causeway extends and six bridges fluctuate, providing a leisurely and changeable tour route for tourists. Walking on the embankment, walking on the bridge, the lakes and mountains are picturesque, and there are thousands of customs for everyone to enjoy. The six arch bridges on the Su Causeway are named Yingbo, Suolan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Yuehong from south to north. Leading the way as seen at the bridge head: Yingbo Bridge is adjacent to Huagang Park, with weeping willows and swaying smoke waves; Suolan Bridge is close to Zhou Xiaoying and far from Bao Shu Tower, close to reality and far from emptiness; Looking west on the Wangshan Bridge, Dingjiashan is lush, with two peaks towering into the sky; Dike Bridge is located in a prime location between the north and the south of Su Causeway. In the old days, it was also a waterway for lake owners to travel west. "Su Causeway Xiao Chun" Jingbei Pavilion is just south of the bridge. Dongpu Bridge has reason to suspect that it is the myth of Pu Shu Bridge, and it is one of the best places to watch the sunrise on the lake. After crossing Hongqiao, over the rainbow flies after the rain, and the lakes and mountains are like fairyland.
2. Qu Yuan's style and harmony
Quyuan Fenghe Park is located in the northwest corner of West Lake, near Yuehu Lake and Xili Lake, overlooking Su Causeway. Qu Yuan's Wind was called "Qu Yuan's Wind" in the Southern Song Dynasty. "Qu Yuan" originally refers to the workshop for brewing official liquor, which is located in the area of Song Donghong Shuiqiao in Jiuli today. At that time, Jinsha River water flowed into the West Lake here, and Qu Yuan took Jinsha River water to make wine and planted lotus flowers in the lake. When the flowers bloom, the fragrance is overflowing and the scenery is intoxicating. During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, in order to welcome the emperor's inspection, lotus flowers were specially introduced to Yuehu Lake opposite the rainbow in Su Causeway. Emperor Kangxi's title is stele, and Quyuan was changed to Quyuan, and "Lotus Wind" was changed to "Wind Lotus". Quyuan Fenghe Garden, which won a temporary victory, was destroyed by soldiers in the last years of Xianfeng (186 1), and bureaucrats and rich people occupied the garden. 1950, Qu Yuan's wind load was only a monument, a pavilion and half an acre of land, and there were several lotus flowers by the lake. Now the newly-built Quyuan Wind and Park are better in scale and landscape than the previous generation. It spans Hongpu Bridge and Dongpu Bridge from the east side of the garden, and extends all the way along Yuehu and Jinsha Port to Wolong Bridge on Xishan Road, with a total area of 229.4 mu. It is divided into four scenic spots: Fenghe, Quyuan, Binhu Dense Forest and Yuehu Lake. Since the planning and construction of Hangzhou Garden Management Department in 1960s, * * * has built 6 1 lotus pond platforms, planted 42 kinds of lotus flowers and 6 kinds of water lilies, paved 3 lawns and built a lotus pavilion. 1983 Fenghe Scenic Area was completed and opened. 1985, the lakeside dense forest area is open, and there are large stone boats in the building.
In the West Lake, there are many scenic spots where you can watch lotus flowers, but the most beautiful place is the wind lotus of Qu Yuan. Because there are nearly 100 varieties of lotus planted in five lotus ponds, there are fragrant Yu Lian with red background and white edges, two-color jade butterflies with red circles on white background, red chiba and white chiba with a dish diameter of 30 cm, artificial hybrid jade tea bowls, potted thousand-petal lotus, and ancient lotus cultivated with thousand-year-old lotus seeds excavated in the peat layer of Pulandian in Liaodong Peninsula of China. The lotus pond in full of green is full of flowers, connected by waterways, and six small bridges stand on the water, either attached or near. People walk among them, as if walking among lotus flowers. Qu yuan enjoys the lotus, and the rain and wind on a sunny day and a moonlit night have their own interests. Located in the center of Qu Yuan, Qianbilou is the best place to enjoy lotus flowers on a moonlit night. Built near Xili Lake, the lake is clear and wide, and you can watch jathyapple in Lianchi on a clear and bright night, which is clear and elegant and has a unique flavor. Xiangbo Pavilion, built next to Yuehu Lake, is a good place to watch Yu He. In the poem Qu Yuan written by Xu, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, "White clouds suddenly brew rain, and water pours waves, which is also fragrant". The Boxiang Pavilion is as small as a boat, full of make-up, stained with the "wave heart water" of lotus fragrance, and it is within reach, which has the potential of "flowers are like a boat with four walls". Yingxun Pavilion, the highest point of Quyuan Fenghe Garden, is a place to climb and overlook. Here, you can appreciate the artistic conception of "lotus leaves meet infinite beauty" and "ten miles of lotus fragrance at home" In the dense forest lakeside area of Quyuan, there are resorts, birch huts and wooden houses for tourists to rent. At the same time, hammocks, tents and cookers are rented for tourists to have a picnic. 1996, the wine culture is rich in content, and the West Lake Wine Culture Festival was held for the first time. In the newly-built wine garden in the hospital, there is a display of "Exploring the Source Wine" imitating the Southern Song Dynasty official brewery, and a scene of Qushui is introduced, which makes the wind and wine smell in the Quyuan heavy.
People crossing the bridge, such as Holland.
3. Autumn moon in Pinghu
Pinghu Qiuyue Scenic Area is located at the western end of Bai Causeway, at the southern foot of Gushan Mountain, near the West Lake. As a matter of fact, Pinghu, as one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, did not have a fixed scenic spot to enjoy the moon in the Southern Song Dynasty. This is not difficult to see that most of the poems written by literati in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties at that time were written from the perspective of returning to the lake at night and enjoying the moon in the boat. For example, in the poem of NaHo in the Southern Song Dynasty, there is a saying, "The moon is bright and cold, and the spring water does not flow. Where can I go boating?" Ming Hongzhanzu wrote in his poem: "Autumn Geren climbed the waves and wrinkled, and the fairy mountain castle was dusty in the mirror." In the woodcut prints of the Ten Scenes of West Lake in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, the picture of autumn moon in Pinghu is still dominated by tourists looking up at the moon on the lake boat.
In fact, the location of the autumn moon scene in Pinghu was determined after thirty-eight years of Kangxi. At that time, the original Dragon King Hall here was the Imperial Bookstore. In front of the building, there is a stone platform that jumps over the lake, surrounded by railings, and a water pavilion is built next to it. Hanging on the plaque of Kangxi's imperial title "Autumn Moon in Pinghu", later generations frequently built stone pavilions on its left side. After the founding of New China, after years of re-planning, reconstruction, expansion and new construction, a long and narrow lakeside garden has been formed here, with flowers and trees in the four seasons and rockery pavilions, which is more suitable for enjoying the moon, drinking tea and relaxing.
The autumn moon night in the West Lake has been recognized as a beautiful scenery since ancient times, full of poetry and painting. Pinghu has a towering autumn moon pavilion in Ling Bo, with windows near the water, a wide platform and a wide field of vision. In autumn night, you can see the bright moon in the sky, the lake is blue, the golden wind is cool, and the water and the moon are integrated. I wonder what night it will be. In fact, the beautiful scenery is not only autumn, but also moonlit night. In the Qing Dynasty, Luo had a couplet: "Wear it, it is winter in Xia Feng, and the shutter will meet the mountain before the month."
Although the scope of Pinghu Autumn Moon Scenic Area may be the smallest among the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, people can still visit and appreciate historical sites and cultural implications here. As early as the Tang Dynasty, Wang Huting was built here. In the Southern Song Dynasty, with the construction of the four sages of Gushan Royal Taoist Temple, the Moon Pavilion was built here. "Looking at the Lake" and "Looking at the Moon", these two "looks" have laid the groundwork for the site selection of Pinghu after the autumn moon. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Li Si eunuch Sun Longhua spent a lot of money to rebuild the old scene of the West Lake, and carried out a large-scale renovation of Wang Huting.
Hutianyi Bilou, located on the west side of the scenic spot, was originally the remains of Luoyuan, a private villa of Hatong, a wealthy Jewish businessman and "adventurer" in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and later became the cradle of modern woodcut movement in China-the location of Bayi Club. Today, it has become the Xiling Painting and Calligraphy Institute, adding a bookish atmosphere to the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains.
The moonlight is cold, the cold spring does not flow, where is the eulogy?
4. Broken bridge and residual snow
The bridge between the White Snake and Xu Xian, a beautiful fairy tale, is located at the beginning of Bai Causeway. The name "Broken Bridge" comes from the Tang Dynasty. There are doors and eaves on ancient bridges. When it snows, the snow in the middle section is on the eaves at the door, and only the two ends of the bridge are covered with snow. Seen from a distance, this bridge seems to be broken, so it is called "broken bridge".
There are pavilions on the bridge, facing Lixi Lake, across the lake from Baoshishan and Baoyu Tower. The mountains, towers, lakes, pavilions, bridges, peaches and willows by the lake constitute picturesque scenery, which is very charming. Broken bridge is the only way to lonely mountain. Whenever it snows, people go to the broken bridge to enjoy the snow scene of the West Lake. The lonely mountain and Lixihu Lake are wrapped in silver, which is particularly touching, because it is called "Broken Bridge and Broken Snow".
The broken bridge is barren, and the empty courtyard is deep. I still remember the moon at the west window and the bells ringing in the forest of steles.
5. Liu Lang Wenying
Liulang Wenying Park is located in the southeast corner of West Lake, covering an area of about 2 1 hectare. Her predecessor was the Imperial Garden of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jujing Garden, which started from outside the Qingbo Gate in the old city of Hangzhou in the south, went under Yongjinmen in the north, and was adjacent to the city wall in the east and the water surface of the West Lake in the west. In addition, it also includes several islands near the lakeshore, such as Liuzhou and Shui Xin Temple Foundation (predecessor of Zhou Xiaoying).
At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Jujing Garden became a "scattered landscape garden", and its southern area was selected as a cemetery by the Hui people who moved to Hangzhou with the Mongolian and Yuan fighters. Among them, the middle part of the land is barren, silted up into scattered swamp ponds, and the original magnificent temples such as Lingzhi Temple and Mingyingguan in the north also died with the landscape. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, only the magnificent Liulang Bridge and Huaguang Pavilion were left. In the early Qing dynasty, it was a bleak scene. The first half of Zishan's Journey to Youth tells the scene that the grand occasion is no longer there. "The snake is flat, the fox is broken, and the road is completely barren. Swallows fly, peach blossoms are silent, and I have read many vicissitudes. " By 1949, there was only one scenic monument, a monument square, a stone pavilion and an old Shapu tree, an old house in Qianwang Memorial Hall and two ponds in front of the temple. Nearby residents simply call it Fenshan Pavilion.
Liu Langwenying has now returned to the West Lake Senior Park.
6. Watching fish in Huagang
Huagang Fish Watching Park is located in the west of the southern section of Su Causeway, on a peninsula between Xili Lake and Hu Xiaonan. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Yun Sheng, the chamberlain, built a private garden at the foot of Huajiashan, not far from here. Flowers and trees are scattered in the garden, water is diverted into the pool, and five-color fish are raised for viewing. It has gradually become a place frequented by tourists. It is called Luyuan and named Huagang, because it is close to Huajiashan. When the court painter created the group paintings of the Ten Scenes of the West Lake, he included them. In the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1699), Emperor Michelle Ye visited the West Lake, wrote books to watch fish in Huagang as usual, and built a stone tablet beside the fish pond. Later, when Qianlong visited the West Lake in the south of the Yangtze River, he wrote a poem in the shadow of the tablet. There is a cloud in the poem: "There is a flower harbor at the foot of Huajiashan, and there are fish and flowers."
Today, Watching Fish in Huagang is a big park covering more than 20 hectares. The whole park is divided into five scenic spots: Red Fish Pond, Peony Garden, Huagang, Big Lawn and Dense Forest.
Red fish pond is located in the south of the central part of the park, which is the center of the whole park. The bank of the pond twists and turns naturally, and the pond piles up soil to form an island. There is a curved bridge on the pond. Looking down against the fence, thousands of red fish with golden scales come and go in droves, splashing. The breeze blew, and the flowers and trees in Chi Pan fell in colors and floated on the water. What a touching picture of "fish with flowers", no one can feel the love of that squid.
At the western end of the red fish pond, there is a peony garden with a high hill and a peony pavilion at the top. Hundreds of peony plants were planted around the exhibition hall, which were divided into more than ten flower border blocks according to different varieties. Every year, around Grain Rain, the king's demeanor is displayed among the flowers, and the country is very beautiful and well-deserved. On the side of the path next to the Peony Pavilion, a Gu Mei tree was planted under the plum tree. This plum shadow pattern was paved with black and white pebbles on the road, which was called "plum shadow slope" by Ma Yifu, a modern scholar.
From the Peony Pavilion, you can have a panoramic view of the east, south and north of the park. The trees in the east are swaying, and the lake wave dike marks are connected from a distance. In the south, the lush mountains of Nanping Mountain were "borrowed" into the park. Behind the dense forest, a bay of clear water lingers, arch bridges fly, and the harbor branches connect Xili Lake and Hu Xiaonan Lake, which makes the water features of the whole park more agile, with lush bamboo forests and noisy birds, revealing Shan Ye customs. The lawn in the north has a wide view, and the sparkling mountain shadow of Xili Lake is fascinating. There are bushes and trees on the lawn, which not only increase the level change of the edge line of the spatial forest, but also provide shade and rest place for tourists.
At the foot of Huajia Mountain, there are flowers in the harbor, full of fish and fish.
7, Lei Feng sunset
Leifeng Pagoda was originally built on Leifeng Mountain, which is located in front of Jingci Temple on the south bank of West Lake. Leifeng is the remnant vein of Nanping Mountain, extending northward. The lake is covered with lush trees. The Leifeng Pagoda built in Wu Yueshi on the top of the mountain was once the landmark attraction of the West Lake, echoing the Baokui Pagoda in the north and south. Before the collapse of Leifeng Tower, there was a beautiful view of "one lake reflecting two towers, north and south facing each other" on the West Lake. 1924 After the collapse of Leifeng Tower, not only "Leifeng Zhao Xi", one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, became an empty name, but "Nanshan scenery was completely empty", and even the mountain name was changed to Zhao Xi.
Now a new Leifeng Tower has been built in Hangzhou to restore the old landscape. The new tower of Leifeng Tower was built on the original site, retaining the pavilion-style structure before the old tower was burned down, and completely adopting the style, design and size structure when it was rebuilt in the early Southern Song Dynasty. This tower has the function of protecting the cultural relics of the site. It consists of three parts: protective cover, tower body and tower gate. The height of the tower body and tower gate is 6 1 m, and the protective cover below the horizon is 9.7m..
The protective cover specially built to protect the site is octagonal, with a building area of 3 1.33 square meters, and is equipped with white marble railings. The protective cover is divided into two layers, which completely protects the site of Leifeng Pagoda.
Is there a white snake at the bottom of the tower?
8. Twin peaks in the cloud
The towering Tianmu Mountain faces east, and the other vein meets the West Lake, which is divided into north and south, forming Nanshan and Beishan in the West Lake Scenic Area. Among them, Nanfeng and Beifeng were inhabited by monks in ancient times, and a stupa was built on the top of the mountain, which was far opposite and much higher than the peaks. Spring and autumn are beautiful, the fog is white, the spire is in the clouds, and it is hidden from time to time. From a distance, the momentum is extraordinary. In the Southern Song Dynasty, these two peaks were listed as one of the ten scenic spots of the West Lake. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty changed the title to "Two Peaks Inserting Clouds" and built a viewing pavilion next to Hongchun Bridge. At that time, the ancient pagoda of Shuangfeng was destroyed for a long time, so that even the original connotation of this scene once made it difficult to know that those "clouds" were empty talk. It is an expedient measure to set up a monument pavilion here. "The floating graphics are opposite to Cui Wei, and the products are green and floating. Try to look up at Phoenix Mountain, where the sky is high in the south and the smoke is low in the north. " This is a poem by Wang Yan, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, which tells people: the landscape of the two peaks in the clouds.
All the way, the sound of pines is long, the rain is intermittent, and the air is full of clouds.
9. Nanping Night Clock
The night clock in Nanping is perhaps the earliest of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter, painted the Night Clock Map of Nanping. Although this painting is far less famous in painting circles than his Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, it was recorded in Tianshui Iceberg Record in Ming Dynasty. Nanping Mountain spans the south bank of the West Lake, with a height of only 1000 meters, and the mountain extends over1000 meters. On the mountain, there are strange rocks and beautiful trees. On a sunny day, there are blue sky and white clouds all over the mountain, and the color is delicious. On a rainy and foggy day, clouds cover the fog, and the mountains seem to be dancing lightly, ethereal and ethereal. In the first year of the Later Zhou Dynasty (954), Qian Hongshu, the Lord of the State of Wu Yue, built a Buddhist temple at the foot of Nanping Mountain-Huiri Yongming Courtyard, which later became Jingci Temple, one of the two major Buddhist Dojo in the West Lake, alongside Lingyin Temple.
Another famous Buddhist temple at the foot of Nanping Mountain was built in the fifth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (1972). This used to be the base camp of Tiantai Sect of Buddhism. Jingci Temple, Xingjiao Temple and nearby small and medium-sized temples have formed another Buddhist temple community on the lake after Lingyin and Tianzhu, with morning bells and drums, Buddhist trumpets burning and cigarette candles. Since then, Nanping Mountain has added the charm of another name' Foshan', and Nanping Night Bell has taken shape. The mountains around Nanping Mountain are made of limestone and porous, so the rock walls of the peaks stand like barriers. Whenever the bell of the Buddhist temple rings at night, the oscillation frequency of the bell spreads to the mountains, and rocks and caves are forced to move by it, which accelerates the vibration of sound waves, and the amplitude increases sharply, forming * * * vibration. The rocks and caves then produce a loudspeaker effect, which enhances the sound of * * *. At the same time, the bell flew over the West Lake at the same frequency, reached the other side of the West Lake, and met Geling, which was composed of igneous rocks on the other side, with constant echoes.
Nanping Mountain is on the south bank of West Lake in Hangzhou, north of Huangyushan, and in Jiuyuan Shandong. The main peak is 100 meters high, with lush trees and stone walls like screens. At the foot of the mountain is Jingci Temple, and the bells are melodious in the evening.
Yin Yue Santan 10
Santan silver moon Island, also known as Zhou Xiaoying, together with Hu Xinting and Ruan Gongdun, is called the Three Islands on the Lake. Including the water surface, the whole island covers an area of about seven hectares. There are curved bridges connecting the north and the south, and bridges connecting the east and the west with earth dikes cross each other, dividing the water surface of the island into four parts, and the periphery of the water surface is a circular dike. Seen from the air, the land on the island looks like a giant "field", which shows that there are islands in the lake and lakes in the island. The waterscape is unique among the ten scenic spots of the West Lake, and it is a classic of water town gardens in the south of the Yangtze River in China. In the thirty-fifth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1607), Qiantang County ordered Nie Xintang to take the silt from the lake and build a dam around the island, which initially became a lake in the lake as a place for release. Later generations built three small bottle-shaped stone pagodas in the south lake of the island, which were called "three pools". In the early Qing dynasty, there were curved bridges and halls on the island, and hibiscus was planted around the inner lake. After Peng Yulin, a retired general in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, built a villa here, Zhou Xiaoying began to take shape.