It is a pictographic character, which looks like a man with a bow ready to shoot. Zhang, the traditional Chinese character for eye, is formed by the combination of bow and long. When people with the surname Zhang introduce their surname to others, they always say "Beng Gong Zhang", which shows that they attach great importance to the "gong" component of their surname. of. From a philological point of view, "Gong" is actually at the core of the character "Zhang". The character Zhang has not yet been found in oracle bone inscriptions, but there are many in bronze inscriptions and stone inscriptions, and their writing methods are also different. Although these Zhang characters are written in different ways, they have one basic feature, that is, they are inseparable from bow, arrow, and length, especially bow. It can be said that without bow, there would be no Zhang. Judging from the evolution of glyphs, Zhang was originally a combination of bow and arrow. The bow and arrow are naturally used together. If there is a bow, there must be an arrow. There is no need to emphasize it. Therefore, the arrow gradually retreated and gave way to the long bow, and finally stabilized into the combination of the long bow. Longbow means that the bow is more powerful and powerful than ordinary bows. The word Zhang has many meanings. The new version of "Chinese Dictionary" has 21 meanings. General dictionaries have more than ten meanings, such as exaggerate, open, strong, prosperous, post, look, look, expand, arrange, etc. But most of this is derived from later generations, and the earliest calligraphy books record few meanings. "Shuowen Jiezi" says: "Zhang means to apply the bow string. From the bow, there is a long sound." "Guangya·Explanation Three": "Zhang means to apply the bow string." There is another meaning, which is found in "Zhou Li·Qiu" "Guan": "Luo takes birds and beasts and calls them Zhang." Hu Sansheng also said: "Zhang, assuming Also, set it as a trap to serve birds and beasts, called Zhang." There are three main sources of the surname Zhang: It comes from after the Yellow Emperor, and is the ancestor. According to the "New Book of Tang Dynasty: Genealogy List of Prime Ministers": "The descendant of Huangdi, Shaohao, is the Qingyang family. The fifth son wielded the bow straightly and began to make bows and arrows, and his descendants were given the surname Zhang. "The Zhang family was directly passed down from the Yellow Emperor. It originated in Qingyang of Yincheng State and is located near Jinci Temple in the southwest of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Distinguished families also come from this area. The surname Zhang is an ancient surname that originated from a distant legendary era. It is said that the ancestor of the surname Zhang was named "Hui". He was the grandson of Huangdi (some say he was the fifth son of Huangdi). He was a great inventor. He invented the bow and arrow and the net (gu). As new production tools at that time, bows, arrows and nets allowed people to hunt more birds and beasts, catch more fish and shrimps, and reduce the harm done to themselves by wild beasts. The clan tribe where he belongs has been producing bows, arrows and nets for generations, so his descendants took "Zhang" as their surname. Huangdi, the recognized blood ancestor of the surname Zhang, was the leader of the Chinese tribal alliance in ancient legendary times. He governed the world with virtue, benevolence and faith. According to the "Century of Emperors", the Yellow Emperor was born from his mother's daughter Youqiao's treasure attached to her. "(Yellow Emperor)'s mother said: "Fu Bao". She saw a big lightning circling the Big Dipper star, shining in the countryside, and felt Fu Bao. She was pregnant for twenty-four months, and gave birth to Huangdi in Shouqiu. He grew up in Jishui. He had holy virtues and received the kingdom from Youxiong. He lived on the hill of Xuanyuan, so he was named and nicknamed it." Later generations deduced two legends based on this. One legend is that the Yellow Emperor was born when the Emperor of Heaven descended to earth. It was the era of Shennong. Shennong's uncle had a son named Shaodian, who was the king of the Xiong Kingdom (in today's Xinzheng County, Henan Province). At that time, the Shaodian clan was exchanging marriages with the Youqiao clan. So Shaodian married Fu Bao, the daughter of Chongqiao family. One day, Shaodian and Fubao went to the fields to plant grass with their hands on their backs. As they were walking, the sky suddenly dimmed, and the sky was suddenly full of stars, just like at night. At this time, Fu Bao looked up and saw a sparkling electric light spinning around the Big Dipper from time to time like a snake in the sky. In an instant, the surrounding area was covered with a layer of rich green light. After a while, Fu Bao felt something suddenly move in her abdomen, which made her yell. When Shaodian hurriedly turned around to ask, she said it was nothing. After that, Fu Bao became pregnant. After 24 months from the day of conception, that is, on one day in the third year, Fu Bao gave birth to a boy in Xuanyuan Hill northwest of Xinzheng (some say it was in Qufu, Shandong). Since he was born in Xuanyuan, he named the child Xuanyuan. Legend has it that Xuanyuan was able to speak as soon as he was born, and he was very elf. When he was still a child, he saw people building houses on trees and said, "It is inconvenient and unsafe to build houses on trees. Wouldn't it be better if they were built on the ground?" Soon, Shennong heard about Huang Di's plan. Opinion, big disapproval. So Huang Di built a house on the ground for him to see, and Shennong was convinced. There is another legend: Soon after Fu Bao and Shaodian got married, they moved to Shouqiu in Qufu, Shandong.
One early winter night, Fu Bao went for a walk alone in the countryside. She looked up at the stars and missed her homeland. Suddenly, a silvery white lightning appeared in the sky, and she saw the lightning rotating around the pivot star in the Big Dipper. It circled a few times, then quickly moved from the sky to the earth, and quickly disappeared. At this time, Fu Bao, who was shocked, suddenly felt a strange feeling on his body. After a while, she realized that she was pregnant due to lightning induction. After that, after 24 months, on a winter day in the third year, Huangdi was born in Shouqiu. The newly born Huangdi had a bulging forehead, shaped like the sun, and a dragon-like face, and his hands and feet also resembled dragon claws and toes. What's even more strange is that the Yellow Emperor has four faces. It is said that the Yellow Emperor can see and listen to all directions at any time and at any time, observe and understand all situations, and act better. Huangdi started babbling when he was born, and soon he could walk. He left Shouqiu when he was about ten years old and studied with teachers everywhere, visiting famous mountains and rivers. Huangdi lived in the era of primitive clan communes. At that time, the social structure of China was represented by clans - tribes composed of several clans - and tribal alliances composed of several tribes. War often broke out between clans, tribes and tribal alliances for their own interests. Huangdi was only the leader of the tribe surnamed Ji at first. During the long-term battle, he gradually established his own prestige and finally completed his rule over other tribes. , sat on the throne of the leader of the tribal alliance. The wars against Yan Emperor, Chi You and Xing Tian were the three milestones on the Yellow Emperor's road to becoming the leader of the alliance. According to literature records, the two emperors Huang and Yan were brothers. "Guoyu·Jinyu": "In the past, Shaodian married the Youqiao family and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. The Yellow Emperor was born from Ji water, and the Yan Emperor was born from Jiang water. The virtues vary according to the characteristics, so The Yellow Emperor is Ji, and the Yan Emperor is Jiang... Different surnames lead to different virtues, and different virtues lead to different types. ""New Book Yi Rang" said: "Yan Emperor is the half-brother of the Yellow Emperor, and each has his own half of the world." When he became the leader of the tribe surnamed Ji and began to prosper and grow, the Yandi tribe had entered a path of weakness and decline. The clans were fighting against each other and tyrannizing the people. However, Yandi was unable to quell the war and protect his subjects, so the Yellow Emperor rose up to teach the people how to use it. Fight with violence to conquer. As a result, all clans came to worship and submit to Huangdi. Emperor Yan later moved to Zhuolu (in Zhuolu, Hebei, or Yuncheng, Shanxi), but he still practiced unethical practices. It was said in history that "there are no relatives, no literature, and the hearts of wise men are cold" ("Yi Zhou Shu Shi Ji Jie") . It was under this circumstance that Huang Di once again "reinforced his virtue and cultivated his army" and decided to have a decisive battle with Yan Di in Zhuolu. According to historical records, the coalition of clans and tribes led by the Yellow Emperor, whose totems were bears, wolves, leopards, tigers, etc., waved war flags made of feathers such as birds, cuckoos, eagles, kites, etc., and violently attacked Zhuolu. Attacking, Emperor Yan retreated to Banquan, one mile east of the city. After a bloody battle, the Yellow Emperor "killed Emperor Yan and conquered the others", so "the world was under rule". The defeated Yandi tribe was forced to move to the south and east, intertwined with the Miaoman group in the Yangtze River Basin, and gradually integrated. The victory of the Huang-Yan War established the Yellow Emperor's leadership over the middle reaches of the Yellow River that originally belonged to the Yan Emperor's sphere of influence, and enabled him to ascend to the position of leader of the tribal alliances in the Central Plains (someone known as the "Central Emperor"). Koyoyelao, whose surname is Zhang in later generations, has three branches of the Sui people: the first is the big eagle (li), the second is the small eagle, and the third is the blue bird. The Yanzi Hexiong clan takes the black bird as its totem, and its three major clans are collectively called the "Sanke clan", also known as the Sanqingniao clan. They took the Sui man Yizi as their ancestor, and respectfully called him "Issam" or "Issamna", and the leaders of each branch were called "Yelao". Ke Wuyelao, the great eagle of the Xuannv tribe, lived in Weushui, south of Heli Mountain (now north of Zhangye City, Gansu Province). Her clan was also called the Kuui clan and had a wide range of branches. One of them migrated northward along the weak water, using Juyanhai (today's remaining Gashunnuoer Lake) and Yanzhi Mountain (also known as Yanran Mountain, today's Longshou Mountain and Hangai Mountain in the Altai Mountains) as bases to extend outward and spread out. The Selenge River, the Orkhon River, and the Ergun River (the upper source of Heilongjiang Province) are the tributaries of Lake Baikal. One branch moved west along the northern foot of the Altai Mountains to Eastern Europe. One branch moved westward from the weak water to Ulungu Lake at the southern foot of the Altai Mountains, and entered the Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin along the Ili River and Alatau Mountains. Konoyelao, a young male from the Xunu tribe, lived in Fangleize in the weak water basin south of Heli Mountain (now Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, the water has dried up now). The Pangu branch of the Fanglei branch branched off and lived in Gulang. (Today's Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province). Its branch moves east to the Helan Mountains east of the West Sea, jumps north to the Yinran Mountains, enters the Yanran Mountains and Lake Baikal, and joins the Koyoyelao branch; the other branch moves eastward from the Yinshan Mountains into the Luanhe River Basin and the Northeast Plain; the other branch enters the North from Liupanshui Luoshui is adjacent to the Huanjiang Department of Koyoyelao.
Later generations of Keyoyelao were given the surname Zhang, and they established Zhang Kingdom (now Zhangye City, Gansu Province) in Node. Another branch was later given the surname Yang and built Yuancheng (also known as Xuancheng) in the upper reaches of Huanjiang River. The descendants of Konoyelao developed along the Sanggan River and its tributary Huangshui River, moved to the Hun River and Huliu River, established their capital in Daiwang City (now Yu County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province), and then moved to Zhuolu Mountain to build "Luowu" City ( Also known as Xialuo, present-day Zhuolu County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province). The Koyoyelao branch of the Sui people's headquarters went eastward along the Taihang Mountains and entered present-day Hebei Province. The Yanzi clan established its capital in Lingshou (now Lingshou County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province), and the Sui people established its capital in Puyin (also known as Wanxian County). , present-day Shunping County, Baoding City, Hebei Province). Later, it moved north to Dawangdian, established its capital in Suicheng (now Xushui County, Baoding City, Hebei Province), and established Lingtai (now named Wujitai) in the middle of heaven and earth. Among the surnames in my country, the surname with the most Junwangtang numbers is Zhang, with as many as 43. However, today the surname Zhang is customarily called 16 Wang, namely Qinghe, Nanyang, Wujun, Anding, Dunhuang, Wuwei, Fanyang, Jianwei, Peiguo, Liangguo, Zhongshan, Jijun, Hanoi, Gaoping, Bairen, Jinjian . Among them, except for the last two, which are palace titles, the remaining 14 are all county commanders! Hall name "Bairen Hall": During the Tang Dynasty, the ninth generation Zhang Gongyi lived together, which had a great influence on the social customs at that time. Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty went to his home and asked him to introduce his experience of living in harmony without separation. Zhang Gong picked up a pen and wrote 100 characters of "forbearance" and presented them to Gaozong. Emperor Gaozong admired him very much and rewarded Mr. Zhang with 100 feet of silk. Other hall names of the surname Zhang include "Qinghe", "Jinjian", "Xiaoyou", "Qinmu", "Guanying", "Yanyi", "Dunmu", "Zongyue", "Jingyi" and "Yuanliu" wait. County Hope Qinghe County: The county was established during the Han Dynasty. This branch of the Zhang family has lived in Wucheng for generations, and its founding ancestor is Zhang Xin, the descendant of Zhang Liang, Marquis of Han Dynasty. Fanyang County: In the seventh year of the Wei and Huang Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms (AD 226), Zhuo County was reorganized into a county. The founding ancestor of this branch of the Zhang family is Zhang Yu, the son of Zhang Hao, Sikong of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Taiyuan County: A county established during the Warring States Period. The founding ancestor of this branch of the Zhang family was Zhang Wei, General Pingdong of the Northern Wei Dynasty and governor of Yingzhou. Jingzhao County: A county was established during the Han Dynasty. The founding ancestor of this branch of the Zhang family was Zhang Tang, the imperial censor of the Western Han Dynasty. Rules for naming Zhang - Zhang - It is best not to use the initials z.c.s as a name. Double-character names should avoid using all zh initials, ang finals or Yinping tone characters. -It is best not to use all characters with left and right structures. According to the latest statistics in 1998, Zhang is the third most common surname in China. If the name is chosen carelessly, the rate of duplication of names will be quite high.