20 17, 17 On September 5, 2007, the volume "Thousand Miles of Mountains and Rivers" was exhibited in the "Thousand Miles of Mountains and Rivers-Special Exhibition of Green Landscape Paintings in Past Dynasties" held by the Palace Museum in Beijing, which caused another sensation. The national treasure, which is very popular recently, also regards the national thousand-mile map as the first national treasure of the Palace Museum.
This painting not only represents the mileage of green landscape development, but also is one of the top ten famous paintings handed down from generation to generation in China. The whole painting is 1 1.9 1 m, which is even longer than the famous Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. The author of this painting is Wang Ximeng, a gifted boy in Huizong period of Northern Song Dynasty. This magnificent painting depicts natural landscapes such as brocade and embroidery, which can be called "aerial photography of China" in the Song Dynasty.
Song Huizong is a rare artistic generalist in the history of China. At that time, Wang Ximeng, a teenager aged 18, was selected from hundreds of painters in the Academy to teach painting skills personally, which enabled him to draw the beautiful mountains and rivers of the Song Dynasty within half a year. However, Wang Ximeng was not only lazy, but also made various unreasonable demands one after another. Strangely, Hui Zong indulged. Cai Jing, the powerful minister, was jealous.
Half a year later, Wang Ximeng presented a map of thousands of miles across the country. Song Huizong open on see, suddenly shine at the moment. Dark rocks, heavy green colors, foggy rivers and rolling mountains constitute a wonderful landscape picture. This painting is thousands of miles away, so it's interesting to look closely. Static scenery such as fishing village, bazaar, waterside pavilion, thatched cottage in Mao 'an and Shuimo Long Bridge are interspersed with dynamic scenery such as fishing, sailing, playing and bazaar, and the combination of dynamic and static is just right. The characterization of the characters is extremely nuanced. You can see that the fisherman on the boat is not clear, but the form of casting the net is so exquisite. Song Huizong, clap your hands!
Later, Song Huizong gave this painting to Cai Jing. So, we saw this inscription on the painting: "Zheng He was given on April 8, three years ago, and Ximeng was eighteen years old. He used to learn painting, so he was called into China stacks where books were forbidden, and drew a few pictures, but he didn't work hard. Knowing that its nature can be taught, I taught it and taught myself. No more than half a year old, but this is the way to get in. I went to Jiazhi because I gave it to the minister Beijing, saying that all scholars in the world are doing it. " Cai Jing's postscript mentioned that this painting was given by Huizong, and Cai Jing's words were not so much praise for Ximeng's painting skills as praise for Hui Zong's well-trained camouflage. An apprentice of 18 years old in the Academy of Painting, under the guidance of Hui Zong, made rapid progress in half a year and reached such a level. In addition to his own efforts, he can't do without the teacher's teaching.
The mountains and rivers of the Great Song Dynasty are not as old as the "thousands of miles of mountains and rivers" handed down from generation to generation. Thirteen years later, Song Huizong, who suffered from Jingkang and neglected government affairs, failed to save the country and was imprisoned by Jin people. A thousand miles of rivers and mountains can only stay in his memory. Treacherous court official Cai Jing was exiled and starved to death in Tanzhou. Wang Ximeng disappeared after painting. Some people say that he died in his twenties.
After the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the scroll was collected by Li Puguang, a monk and calligrapher in the Yuan Dynasty. This painting was collected by Liang Qingbiao, a famous bibliophile and writer in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and later entered the Qing Dynasty. In addition to Cai Jing's inscription, there are two inscriptions by Pu Guang and Monk in Yuan Dynasty, and two inscriptions by Zhong, The Treasure of Jidian, The Treasure of Qianlong Magnolia, etc. It was recorded in the first episode of Shiqu Treasure.
Although the map of a thousand miles across the country has gone through thousands of years, it is still colorful, because all the mineral pigments are used and are basically extracted from precious stones or medicinal materials. In other words, in this painting, there is not only the artist's mind, but also the brilliance of gems. So, how is this painting drawn? And listen to me for you in detail.
The first time was ink painting. First, you need to draw a 1 1 meter-long ink landscape painting. This painting is called a chalk book. After this painting, on this basis, red, that is, ochre color, is used to pave the way for the green behind, forming a contrast between cold and warm, making it brighter. The third time, it is made of stone green, very precious turquoise or malachite. Malachite is an ancient jade material, named after its color resembles the green spots on peacock feathers. In ancient China, malachite was called "stone green". Lu You, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once said: "The snail green points out the color of ink mountain, and the stone green is dyed as spring tide." It also emphasizes the important position of stone green in the art world, which makes such a well-defined and dazzling green landscape. The fourth time is still green, but other colors are superimposed, so the colors are particularly rich, which is actually endless. The fifth time is cyan, that is, azurite, so that this work can be completed, which is equivalent to painting a picture with a length of 1 1 meter for five times. In particular, it is pointed out that fishermen's white is a pigment made of thousands of shells, which will not turn yellow for thousands of years.
Chen Danqing said, "I clearly saw a beautiful boy in the picture of A Thousand Miles. He can't be old. He happened to be eighteen. A few years older and a few years younger, there will be no "Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains". " The beauty of human landscape turned into a ravine in the chest of juvenile Wang Ximeng, and his pen fell on the ruler, which has become a beautiful dream in the hearts of China people for thousands of years. In this beautiful dream, the mountains are colorful and green; The water waves are misty, which are the eyes of a girl, innocent and dazzling, and solidified into eternal youth.